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| 2. |
- Fryden, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Roles, tasks and educational functions of postgraduate programme directors : a qualitative study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Postgraduate medical journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0032-5473 .- 1469-0756. ; 91:1080, s. 588-593
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background A programme director is often required to organise postgraduate medical education. This leadership role can include educational as well as managerial duties. Only a few published studies have explored programme directors' own perceptions of their role. There is a need to explore the use of theoretical frameworks to improve the understanding of educational roles.Objective To explore programme directors' own perceptions of their role in terms of tasks and functions, and to relate these roles to the theoretical framework developed by Bolman and Deal.Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 programme directors between February and August 2013. The data were subjected to content analysis using a deductive approach.Results The various roles and tasks included by participants in their perceptions of their work could be categorised within the framework of functions described by Bolman and Deal. These included: structuring the education (structural function); supporting individuals and handling relations (human resource function); negotiating between different interests (political function); and influencing the culture at the departmental level (symbolic function). The functions most often emphasised by participants were the structural and human resource functions. Some tasks involved several functions which varied over time.Conclusions Programme directors' own perceptions of their roles, tasks and functions varied widely. The theoretical framework of Bolman and Deal might be helpful when explaining and developing these roles.
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| 3. |
- Hedqvist, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Contributions of thermal charge exchange excitation to the Rydberg series of Cl16
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics B. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-4075 .- 1361-6455. ; 33:3, s. 375-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spectra from the Rydberg series 1s-np for the principal quantum numbers n greater than or equal to 8 of Cl16+ are observed on the JET tokamak. Individual lines up to n = 15 are resolved. The line intensity of n = 10 is enhanced, relative to the underlying 1/n(3) scaling, due to charge exchange collisions with neutral deuterium in the ground state. The observations are compared with predictions based on available partial charge exchange cross section data. There is generally good agreement, however, some details of the predicted n-shell distribution are different from those observed in the experiment.
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| 4. |
- Isaksson, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a Haptic Interface for In-Vehicle Systems
- 2003
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Ingår i: Ergonomics in the digital age. - : The Ergonomics Society of Korea.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- By introducing information and communication systems higher demands are put on the human-machine-interface in the vehicle. Concurrently the load on the driver isincreasing especially concerning visual tasks, a sensory channel that from a safety perspective should be used primarily for the demanding on-road situation. Hapticinterfaces present innovative and complementary ways for the driver to communicate with the systems in the vehicle. The objective of this study was to evaluate a hapticinterface, consisting of a haptic device and a graphic display, for in-vehicle-systems. By means of a driving simulator a usability evaluation with thirteen subjects was carried out for a haptic interface and a traditional interface. In sum, it cannot be concluded that neither a haptic interface nor a traditional interface for driver in-vehicle systems is preferable as a rule. Though, it looks as if the former should be considered when the tasks become more complex while the latter is more suitable and faster in relation to simpler tasks. Furthermore, the traditional interface appears to be advantageous from a safety point of view, based on the diversion of gaze from the road. Yet, this result is not conclusive since the haptic interface is regarded as imposing less task-load, being easier to use and understand, and mainly the first choice between the two interfaces. It might be that the haptic interface is experienced as more consistent.
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| 5. |
- Isaksson, Jessica, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a haptic interface for in-vehicle systems
- 2003
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Ergonomics Association XVth Triennial Congress – Ergonomics in the digital age, Seoul, Korea, August 24-29, 2003.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Nordquist, J, et al.
(författare)
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Does ultrasound influence experimentally induced thrombus formation in the central artery of the rabbit ear?
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis. - 1573-742X. ; 9:3, s. 243-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Thrombosis is one of the most important causes of morbidity in the medical field. Several independent in vitro studies have shown that the fibrinolytic process may be enhanced by ultrasound, but the effect of ultrasound on thrombus formation in vivo is unexplored. The present study was designed to investigate this matter. METHODS: In a blind randomized study, standardized arteriotomies and intimectomies were performed on the central arteries of the ears of 25 rabbits. The rabbits were allocated to two groups, an untreated control group and a group treated with ultrasound (10 pulses of frequency 1 MHz and intensity 1 W/cm(2) per millisecond giving an averaged intensity of 0.01 W/cm(2)). Immediately after reperfusion, patency was confirmed by a manual empty/refill test, after which blood-flow was monitored using ultrasonic flow-probes twice a minute for two hours. At two hours, patency was rechecked. RESULTS: All vessels were patent at reperfusion, but only seven vessels (three control, four treated) were patent when flow-rate measurements started. At 2 h, patency-frequencies were 12/23 in the control group and 11/22 in the treated group. Flow-rate curves in patent vessels in both groups were similar. Microscopic investigation at one week showed no difference in thrombus accumulation. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasound with the above characteristics does not significantly improve patency in vivo.
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| 10. |
- Omelekhina, Yuliya, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of energy renovation and occupants' activities on airborne particle concentrations in Swedish rental apartments
- 2021
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Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697. ; 806
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure to airborne particles causes detrimental health effects, hence their assessment in indoor environments, where people spend most of the time, is important. The influence of energy renovation and occupants' activities on airborne particle concentrations was assessed in seven occupied Swedish residences. Ultrafine particle (UFP, <100 nm) number concentrations, PM2.5 (<2.5 μm) and black carbon (BC, <900 nm) mass concentrations were simultaneously measured inside and outside before, after renovation, and during follow-up. The average indoor UFP number concentrations increased from 6200 (±4070) cm-3 before renovation to 12,700 (±6040) cm-3 during the follow up, as the number of indoor activities doubled. Indoor UFP number concentrations depended mainly on frequency and type of occupants' activities in studied residences (e.g., cooking, candle burning). The average indoor PM2.5 concentration decreased from 8.6 (±5.8) μg m-3 before renovation to 2.5 (±1.3) μg m-3 during follow up, as the activities that generated PM2.5 decreased, and infiltration of outdoor particles could have been decreased due to renovation measures. However, the indication of infiltration decrease during the follow up, assessed on the basis of indoor to outdoor ratios during non-activity times (with no influence of occupants' activities), was not observed after the renovation and should be treated with caution. In this study indoor PM2.5 and BC were influenced by activities and outdoor concentrations. Reduction of exposure to indoor UFP, might be obtained by optimization of kitchen exhaust flows. An improved design of supply air inlets in mechanical exhaust ventilation systems may reduce PM2.5 infiltration. Occupants' logbook records, needed for identification of sources contributing to particle exposure, proved useful but not always accurate compared to technical measurements of activities and UFP concentrations. Development of simple and reliable activity detection systems is needed to complement logbooks and allow accurate assessment of source contribution to particle exposure in homes and associated health effects.
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