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- Andersson, Kent, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Introduktion till Operationsanalys : En antologi med essäer av studerande i militärteknik 2011
- 2012
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I ämnesplanen definieras militärteknik som ”den vetenskap som beskriver och förklarar hur tekniken inverkar på militär verksamhet på alla nivåer, strategisk, operativ och taktisk, samt hur officersprofessionen påverkar och påverkas av tekniken.”[1] En militärteknikers uppgift brukar, utgående från definitionen, uttryckas som att beskriva och förklara den militära nyttan med tekniken. För att kunna göra detta behövs verktyg. Och många av dem kommer från den vetenskapliga disciplinen Operationsanalys.Syftet med den här antologin är att introducera studerande i militärteknik på Försvarshögskolan till två av de mest refererade boktitlarna i operationsanalys – Methods for conducting military operational analysis editerad av Andrew G. Loerch och Larry B. Rainey samt Military Operations Research, quantitative decision making av N.K. Jaiswal.Kapitlen utgörs av essäer skrivna av studerande på den högre stabsofficersutbildningen med teknisk inriktning, som examinationsuppgift i en fördjupningskurs. Essäerna är till del referat av kapitel i de två böckerna ovan, men kryddade med exempel satta i svenskt sammanhang och med de studerandes egen värdering av metodernas användbarhet.[1]Försvarshögskolan, Ämnesplan militärteknik, 2007.
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- Barthelsson, Cajsa, et al.
(författare)
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Sense of coherence and other predictors or pain and health following laparoscopic cholecystectomy
- 2011
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Malden, MA : John Wiley & Sons. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 25:1, s. 143-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pain is the most common symptom following laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and might delay discharge from hospital after day surgery. A patient’s ability to manage stressful situations can be assessed by the sense of coherence (SOC) and has been proposed to predict health. The aim of this study was to investigate predictors of average pain the first postoperative week after LC, and predictors of changes in perceived health, with special reference to individual coping resources measured by the Sense of Coherence Scale. Furthermore, a test–re-test was performed on SOC to evaluate the stability in the context of LC surgery. Method: Seventy-three patients completed questionnaires about SOC, health status, pain, anxiety, symptom occurrence and symptom distress preoperatively, postoperative day 1–7 and after 1 and 6 months following LC. Results: By multiple regression, 23% of the variability in pain intensity could be explained by the variables age, SOC and education. Age was the strongest predictor. Further, 19% of the change in health between day 7 and 1 month could be explained by the two variables symptom distress the first postoperative day and SOC. The test–re-test of SOC had a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.55. Forty-six patients (63%) remained within ± 10% of their preoperative SOC score at 6 months, 11 patients (15%) decreased and 16 patients (22%) increased their SOC values. Conclusion: SOC was found to be a significant but weak predictor of pain intensity the first week after LC. Furthermore, patients scoring low SOC values experienced a delay in their health improvement. SOC was more unstable over time than previously suggested. Further, interventional studies are needed to clarify if SOC might be a clinically useful measure to identify vulnerable patients undergoing LC surgery.
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- Bellner, Lars, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of T-cell reactive epitopes in glycoprotein G of herpes simplex virus type 2 using synthetic peptides.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Archives of virology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0304-8608 .- 1432-8798. ; 150:7, s. 1393-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously shown that the CD4+ T-cell response to herpes simplex virus type 2 glycoprotein G-2 is type-specific and can thus be used to evaluate herpes simplex virus type 2-specific T-cell responses in individuals with a concomitant herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. In this study we have followed the glycoprotein G-2-specific T-cell responses over time, and also tried to identify T-cell epitopes in the membrane bound portion and the secreted portion of glycoprotein G-2 using synthetic peptides spanning the whole amino acid sequence of glycoprotein G-2. We found that the magnitude of the glycoprotein G-2-specific response varied considerably in infected individuals over time, even though all patients responded to at least one of the two glycoproteins at all time-points examined. We could also document strong T-cell responses to synthetic peptides from the secreted glycoprotein G-2 but only low responses to synthetic peptides corresponding to sequences from the heavily glycosylated membrane-bound glycoprotein G-2. We were able to map an immunogenic region (amino acid 31-125) within the secreted glycoprotein G-2. This region of the glycoprotein induced proliferative responses in 47% of the herpes simplex virus type 2-infected individuals. However, we were not able to identify any universal T-cell epitope.
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- Berlin, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Scientific evidence for sustainable plant disease protection strategies for the main arable crops in Sweden. A systematic map protocol
- 2018
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Ingår i: Environmental Evidence. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2047-2382. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Efficient and sustainable plant protection is of great economic and ecological significance for global crop production. A number of challenges, e.g. climate change, population growth and global trade, put increasing demands on future crop production and crop protection. This necessitates an increase in crop productivity with less environmental impact while maintaining good food quality and food security. To meet these challenges, it is essential that the recommendations provided to growers are efficient and correct, which can only be ensured by evidence-based recommendations based on outcomes from scientific studies.Methods and output: The aim of these systematic maps is to compile scientific evidence for different plant disease protection strategies for the main arable crops grown in Sweden. Six major crops (wheat, barley, oat, potato, sugar beet and oilseed rape) have been selected based on the area under production, the annual production, the economic importance, and the amount of pesticide used against diseases in these crops in Sweden. All methods to manage diseases will be considered, including cropping system, pesticide application, biological control methods, as well as combinations of methods and integrated pest management. These systematic maps will only deal with field studies of relevance for agricultural practices in Sweden, although we expect that the results will be applicable for northern Europe as a whole. The main outcome to be used will be productivity measured as yield per area. Plant health and pathogen reduction will be included as a proxy for potential increase in crop quality and yield. This will provide a systematic overview of the plant disease protection measures that have been reported in the scientific literature. The study will result in one searchable database per crop that may be used as a catalogue of evidence for researchers and stakeholders, especially authorities and advisory organizations. The systematic maps will aid in the identification of areas that need further research and guide funding agencies and policymakers when deciding where research resources should be allocated. It will also help to select topics for future systematic reviews and meta-studies within the field of plant protection.
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- Bood, Sven-Åke
(författare)
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Bending and Mending the Neurosignature : Elicting the Relaxation Response with help of Flotation-REST ( Restricted Environmental Stimulation Technique) in Patients with Stress Related Pain
- 2006
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Abstract. The overarching purpose of the current thesis was to assess the long term effects of a documented treatment program involving flotation-REST for the experience of pain, from the point of view of variables connected with Melzack´s neuromatrix theory, and to examine the extent of a potential attention-placebo effect in connection with flotation-REST. Two studies were conducted. The first (Paper I) aimed to investigate long-term effects of flotation-REST four months after treatment. Seventy patients participated, diagnosed as having stress-related pain. Participants were randomly assigned in equal numbers to either a control group or a flotation-REST group and participated in a total of twelve flotation REST or control sessions. Results indicated that pain areas, stress, anxiety and depression decreased, while sleep quality, optimism, and prolactin increased. Positive effects generally maintained four months after treatment. The second (Paper II) examined the potential effects of attention-placebo on flotation tank therapy. Thirty-two patients who were diagnosed as having stress-related muscular pain was treated with flotation- REST for a period of six weeks. Half of the patients were also given attention for a period of 12 weeks, while the remainder received such attention for 6 weeks. Participants in both groups exhibited lowered blood pressure, reduced pain, anxiety, depression, stress, and negative affectivity, as well as increased optimism, energy, and positive affectivity. It was therefore concluded that flotation tank therapy is an effective method for the treatment of stress-related pain.
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- Bood, Sven Åke, 1950-
(författare)
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Bending and Mending the Neurosignature : Frameworks of influence by flotation-REST (Restricted Environmental Stimulation Technique) upon well-being in patients with stress related ailments
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overarching purpose of the current thesis was to assess the long term effects of a treatment program involving flotation-REST for the experience of pain, from the point of view of variables connected with Melzack´s neuromatrix theory, and to examine the extent of a potential attention-placebo effect in connection with flotation-REST.The first study (Paper I) aimed to investigate long-term effects of flotation-REST four months after treatment. Seventy patients participated, diagnosed as having stress-related pain. Participants were randomly assigned to either a control group or a flotation-REST group and participated in a total of twelve flotation REST or control sessions. Results indicated that pain areas, stress, anxiety and depression decreased, while sleep quality, optimism, and prolactin increased. Positive effects generally maintained four months after treatment. The second (Paper II) examined the potential effects of attention-placebo. Thirty-two patients who were diagnosed as having stress-related muscular pain were treated for a period of six weeks. Half of the patients were also given attention for a period of 12 weeks, while the remainder received attention for 6 weeks. Participants in both groups exhibited lowered blood pressure, reduced pain, anxiety, depression, stress, and negative affectivity, as well as increased optimism, energy, and positive affectivity. The third (Paper III) investigated whether or not 33 flotation sessions were more effective for stress related ailments as compared to 12 sessions. Participants were 37 patients with stress related ailments. Analyzes for subjective pain and psychological variables typically indicated that 12 sessions were enough to get considerably improvements and no further improvements were noticed after 33 sessions. Finally, the fourth study (Paper IV) aimed to examine whether and how the combination of therapy and flotation tank could be used to treat patients with severe stress problems. Two women on long-term sick-leave participated in the study, which was carried out over a period of one year. Four overarching themes were generated: the therapeutic work model, transformation of feelings, self-insight and meaning. These together constituted a “therapeutic circle” which after a while transformed in to a “therapeutic spiral” of increased meaning and enhanced wellbeing.It was therefore concluded that flotation tank therapy is an effective method for the treatment of stress-related pain.
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| 8. |
- Bood, Sven-Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Flotation REST (Restricted Environmental Stimulation Technique) on Stress Related Muscle Pain : Are 33 flotation sessions more effective as compared to 12 sessions?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Social behavior and personality. - 0301-2212 .- 1179-6391. ; 35:2, s. 143-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to investigate whether or not 33 flotation sessions were more effective for stress-related ailments than 12 sessions. Participants were 37 patients, 29 women and 8 men, all diagnosed as having stress-related pain of a muscle tension type. The patients were randomized to one of two conditions: 12 flotation-REST treatments or 33 flotation-REST treatments. Analyses for subjective pain typically indicated that 12 sessions were enough to get considerable improvements and no further improvements were noticed after 33 sessions. A similar pattern was observed concerning the stress-related psychological variables: experienced stress, anxiety, depression, negative affectivity, dispositional optimism, and sleep quality. For blood pressure no effects were observed after 12 sessions, but there was a significant lower level for diastolic blood pressure after 33 sessions. The present study highlighted the importance of finding suitable complementary treatments in order to make further progress after the initial 12 sessions.
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