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- Forsberg, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Positive self-reported health might be an important determinant of student's experiences of high school in northern Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 78:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a need for more knowledge about positive health determinants in the school setting. The overall aim of this study was to analyse if positive self-reported health is associated with experiences of school among high-school students. Data originated from the health dialogue questionnaire answered by students in grade 1 of high school. A total of 5035 students participated from the academic years 2013 to 2016. Logistic regression with positive odds ratio (POR) was used to analyse associations between positive self-reported health and school experiences. There was an association between positive self-reported health and school experiences among students. Positive mental health was the strongest predictor for positive school experiences. To frequently participate in Physical Education, have a positive body image and satisfactory sleep nearly doubled the students' odds for positive school experiences. The results also revealed gender differences; boys more often reported positive experiences of school and positive health than girls. Positive self-reported health is associated with positive experiences of school, particularly mental health. Moreover, these findings have significant implications for how students experience school and demonstrate the importance of including health-promoting interventions in systemic school improvement, meeting both girls' and boys' needs.
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- Halin Bergström, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Rat prostate tumors induce DNA synthesis in remote organs
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Advanced cancers induce systemic responses. However, if such systemic changes occur already when aggressive tumors are small, have not been thoroughly characterized. Here, we examined how localized prostate cancers of different sizes and metastatic potential affected DNA synthesis in the rest of the prostate and in various remote organs. Non-metastatic Dunning R-3327 G (G) tumor cells, metastatic MatLyLu (MLL) tumor cells, or vehicle were injected into the prostate of immunocompetent rats. All animals received daily injections of Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), to label cells/daughter cells with active DNA synthesis. Equal sized G- and MLL-tumors, similarly increased BrdU-labeling in the prostate, lymph nodes and liver compared to tumor-free controls. Prior to metastasis, MLL-tumors also increased BrdU-labeling in bone marrow and lungs compared to animals with G-tumors or controls. In animals with MLL-tumors, BrdU-labeling in prostate, lungs, brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscles increased in a tumor-size-dependent way. Furthermore, MLL-tumors induced increased signs of DNA damage (γH2AX staining) and accumulation of CD68 + macrophages in the lungs. In conclusion, small localized prostate cancers increased DNA synthesis in several remote tissues in a tumor type- and size-dependent way. This may suggest the possibility for early diagnosis of aggressive prostate cancer by examining tumor-induced effects in other tissues.
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- Islam, Mominul, et al.
(författare)
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Is outcome of constraint-induced movement therapy in unilateral cerebral palsy dependent on corticomotor projection pattern and brain lesion characteristics?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. - : Mac Keith Press. - 0012-1622 .- 1469-8749. ; 56:3, s. 252-258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim of the study was to explore individual variations in outcome of hand function after constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) in relation to the organization of corticomotor projection and brain lesion characteristics in participants with unilateral cerebral palsy (CP).METHOD: Sixteen participants (eight males, eight females; mean age 13 y, [SD 2 y] range 10-16 y) with unilateral CP (nine right-sided; Manual Ability Classification System [MACS] level I, n=1; level II, n=15) who participated in a 2-week CIMT day camp (63 h) were included in the study. Various aspects of hand function were measured by the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT), the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA), and the Melbourne Assessment, both before and after the day camp. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to explore the corticomotor organization, and brain lesion characteristics were described by visual assessment of conventional structural magnetic resonance images.RESULTS: At a group level, the training was associated with significant improvements in JTHFT (p=0.003) and AHA (p=0.046), but not in Melbourne Assessment scores. Improvements were found in all types of corticomotor projection patterns, i.e. contralateral, mixed, and ipsilateral. There was no relationship between functional improvement and brain lesion characteristics.INTERPRETATION: Individuals with CP experience improved motor outcomes after CIMT, independent of corticomotor projection pattern and lesion characteristics.
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- Kalengayi, Faustine K Nkulu, et al.
(författare)
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'It is a dilemma' : perspectives of nurse practitioners on health screening of newly arrived migrants
- 2015
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Ingår i: Global Health Action. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1654-9716 .- 1654-9880. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Screening newly arrived migrants from countries with high burden of communicable diseases of public health significance is part of the Swedish national strategy against the spread of these diseases. However, little is known about its implementation. Objective: This study aimed at exploring caregivers' experiences in screening newly arrived migrants to generate knowledge that could inform policy and clinical practice. Design: Using an interpretive description framework, we conducted semistructured interviews between November and December 2011 in four Swedish counties, with 15 purposively selected nurses with experience in screening migrants. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Participants described a range of challenges including discordant views between migrants and the nurses about medical screening, inconsistencies in rules and practices, and conflicting policies. Participants indicated that sociocultural differences resulted in divergent expectations with migrants viewing the participants as agents of migration authorities. They also expressed concern over being given a new assignment without training and being expected to share responsibilities with staff from other agencies without adequate coordination. Finally, they indicated that existing policies can be confusing and raise ethical issues. All these were compounded by language barriers, making their work environment extremely complex and stressful. Conclusions: These findings illuminate complex challenges that could limit access to, uptake, and delivery of health screening and undermine public health goals, and highlight the need for a multilevel approach. This entails avoiding the conflation of migration with health issues, harmonizing existing policies to make health care services more accessible and acceptable to migrants, and facilitating health professionals' work in promoting public health, improving interagency collaboration and the skills of all staff involved in understanding and effectively responding to migrants' needs, and improving migrants' health literacy through community outreach interventions.
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- Larsson, Christer, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Complications of pregnancy and transplacental transmission of relapsing-fever borreliosis
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-1899 .- 1537-6613. ; 194:10, s. 1367-1374
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Relapsing-fever borreliosis caused by Borrelia duttonii is a common cause of complications of pregnancy, miscarriage, and neonatal death in sub-Saharan Africa. We established a murine model of gestational relapsing fever infection for the study of the pathological development of these complications. We demonstrate that B. duttonii infection during pregnancy results in intrauterine growth retardation, as well as placental damage and inflammation, impaired fetal circulation, and decreased maternal hemoglobin levels. We show that spirochetes frequently cross the maternal-fetal barrier, resulting in congenital infection. Furthermore, we compared the severity of infection in pregnant and nonpregnant mice and show that pregnancy has a protective effect. This model closely parallels the consequences of human gestational infection, and our results provide insight into the mechanisms behind the complications of pregnancy that have been reported in human relapsing-fever infection.
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