| 1. |
- Ehnhage, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Treatment of idiopathic rhinitis with kinetic oscillations : a multi-centre randomized controlled study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 136:8, s. 852-859
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conclusions: The potential effects of KOS are still uncertain regarding the most effective air pressure to be used as well as the physiological effects on the nasal mucosa. The results of the study do not support a convincing treatment effect by KOS on IR.Objectives: Idiopathic rhinitis (IR) is a common disorder, affecting ∼10-20% of the population. A new method for treating IR, Kinetic Oscillation Stimulation (KOS), has been reported to have beneficial effects on total vasomotor symptom scores (TVRSS). The primary objective with this study was to evaluate if a mean pressure of 65 mbar, pressure amplitude of 100 mbar, and 68Hz treatment with KOS had a positive effect on total vasomotor symptom scores (TVRSS), as compared with a mean pressure of 65 mbar, pressure amplitude of 4 mbar, and 68Hz treatment in patients with idiopathic rhinitis.Methods: Two hundred and seven patients were randomized (Full Analysis Set, FAS) in the study, including five visits and lasting for approximate to 25 weeks. All patients had two treatment episodes, and all patients had at least one treatment, meant as active, with high amplitude pressure for 10min in each nostril. Group 1 had two such treatments, and Group 2 had one treatment with low amplitude pressure, initially meant as placebo, on one occasion. Because of numerical improvements in these two groups, a new control group, Group 3, was introduced. They had one new control treatment where the balloon was inserted into the nose, without any air inflation and without oscillations.Results: KOS treatment with high amplitude pressure did not have significant beneficial effects as compared to low amplitude pressure on TVRSS. Numerical improvements in TVRSS and SNOT 22 were found when comparing high and low amplitude pressure treatments with uninflated balloon treatment. However, this part of the study was initially single-blinded, and these results were secondary objectives.
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| 2. |
- Nilsson, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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Bell’s palsy and sudden deafness associated with Rickettsia spp . infection in Sweden : A retrospective and prospective serological survey including PCR findings
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neurology. - : Wiley. - 1351-5101 .- 1468-1331. ; 21:2, s. 206-214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Sixty patients with facial palsy and 67 with sudden deafness were retrospectively or prospectively examined for serological evidence of rickettsial infection; in six cases where cerebrospinal fluid was available, patients were also examined for presence of rickettsial DNA.METHODS:Rickettsial antibodies were detected in single or paired serum samples using immunofluorescence with Rickettsia helvetica as the antigen and in four cases also using western blot. Using PCR and subsequent direct cycle sequencing, the nucleotide sequences of the amplicons (17 kDa protein gene) in cerebrospinal fluid were analysed.RESULTS:Five out of 60 (8.3%) patients with facial palsy and eight of 67 (11.9%) with hearing loss showed confirmative serological evidence of infection with Rickettsia spp. An additional three and four patients in the facial palsy and hearing loss groups, respectively, showed evidence of having a recent or current infection or serological findings suggestive of infection. In four cases, the specificity of the reaction was confirmed by western blot. An additional 70 patients were seroreactive with IgG or IgM antibodies higher than or equal to the cut-off of 1:64, whereas 37 patients were seronegative. Only two of 127 patients had detectable antibodies to Borrelia spp. In three of six patients, rickettsial DNA was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid, where the obtained sequences (17 kDa) shared 100% similarity with the corresponding gene sequence of Rickettsia felis.CONCLUSIONS:These results highlight the importance of considering Rickettsia spp. as a cause of neuritis, and perhaps as a primary cause of neuritis unrelated to neuroborreliosis.
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| 3. |
- Nilsson, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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ABC om främmande kropp i luftvägarna
- 2012
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 109:51-52, s. 2361-2365
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Norlander, Tomas
(författare)
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Aspects of the inflammatory response and formation of polys in the nasal and sinus mucosa
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Experimental sinusitis was induced in rabbits by ostial occlusion, with or without subsequent inoculation of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus or Bacteroides fragilis The general inflammatory response, including goblet cell differentiation and polyp formation, was morphologically investigated. Polyps were experimentally induced by a combining mechanical trauma the mucosa with infection or by injection of agarose or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) into the maxillary sinus. The effect of systemic pre-treatment with betamethasone on experimentally induced polyps was studied. In order to investigate neurogenic mechanisms in the mucosal defense, rabbits were treated with topical application of capsaicin or underwent surgical denervation of the nose. Mucosal samples were obtained for morphological documentation and immunohistochemical analysis of substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). Furthermore, the expression of SP and CGRP in the nasal mucosa and trigeminal ganglion of rats after experimental infection with Mycoplasma pulmonis was assessed by immunohistochemistry and Northern blot. In a clinical setting, cytokine patterns and the expression of glucocorticosteroid receptor (GR) mRNA in excised human nasal polyps was estimated by solution hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Tissue from untreated patients was compared to polyps from patients treated with a nasal corticosteroid, budesonide, for two months. Pneumococcal sinusitis was associated with an intense initial inflammatory response while B. fragilis and S. aureus-infections led to a severe, more progressive inflammation with little or no signs of healing during the period studied. Polyps were frequent in experimentally infected mucosa and after treatment with FMLP or agarose. Polyp formation was characterized by initial epithelial damage followed by ingrowth of regenerating, branching epithelial strains and formation of intraepithelial microcavides. Fusion of microcavities lead to separation of the newly-formed polyp from adjacent mucosa. Pretreatment with betamethasone caused a delay in polyp formation and a reduced ingrowth of pathogenic bacteria into the sinus. Goblet cells were frequent in infected and capsaicin-treated mucosa and appeared to develop from secretory serous cells via intermediate stages. While topical capsaicin application caused mainly epithelial changes, surgical denervation led to congestion of mucosal glands. Experimental M. pulmonis infection in rats caused increased immunohistochemical expression of SP and CGRP in the mucosa. No difference regarding cytokine immunoreactivity or regulation of GR was seen in polyp tissue obtained from patients given nasal budesonide spray when compared to an untreated group. A reason may be inherent or induced resistance to corticosteroids in the tissue.
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| 5. |
- Roussinova, Roussina, 1972-
(författare)
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The Art of Pleasing the Eye : Portraits by Nicolas de Largillierre and Spectatorship with Taste for Colour in the Early Eighteenth Century
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study examines the interaction between portraits by the exponent of French colourist painting Nicolas de Largillierre (1656–1745) and elite spectatorship in the early eighteenth century as enactment of the idea of painting as an art of pleasing the eye. As developed in the theory of art of Roger de Piles (1635–1709), the idea of painting as an art of pleasing the eye coexisted with the classicist view, which in turn emphasised the potential of painting to communicate discursive meanings and hence to engage the mind. The idea of painting as an art of pleasing the eye was associated with a taste that valued the pictorial effects of painting and related to the ideal of honnêteté, which expanded on the art of pleasing in polite society by means of external appearances as a sign of social distinction.The aim of the study is to explore how portraits by Nicolas de Largillierre address the spectator and how such paintings might have come to have meaning for spectators in the early eighteenth century. To do this, the study takes a performative approach and defines meaning as a product of the interplay of pictorial effects and spectatorial response, progressing from the initial encounter throughout the sustained exploration of the paintings. Building on close analyses of selected paintings and readings of texts that bear on issues of pictorial imitation, spectatorship and social interaction, the study brings into focus the interplay of cognitive and sensory activities, including verbal articulation and bodily movement, which come into play in the production of meanings through the act of spectatorial experience. The study also emphasises the interplay of the mimetic and the material aspects of the paintings as an important bearer of meanings and identifies several interrelated sites of tension in which the pictorial effectiveness of the portraits resides.The study concludes by suggesting that to infer such meanings, the spectator should be prepared to respond to the address of the paintings actively, by engaging the mind, the senses and the body. Such an interpretation of the interaction between portrait paintings and spectators proposes a complex view of the ways in which artistic and spectatorial practices in the early eighteenth century might have interacted to create meanings while reproducing at the same time social and aesthetic conventions and ideals, such as the art of pleasing the eye.
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