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- Dolmer, Per, et al.
(författare)
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The invasive Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, in Scandinavian coastal waters: A risk assessment on the impact in different habitats and climate conditions
- 2014
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Ingår i: Fisken og havet. - 0071-5638 .- 1894-5031. ; :2
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A massive invasion of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, has occurred in Scandinavia during the last decade. The introduction and dispersal was described through collaboration between scientists from Sweden, Denmark and Norway. This work has been followed up by national activities that clearly visualized the need for a continued collaboration between scientists in the Scandinavian countries, as the bio-invasion is a cross-border issue and management actions then have to be synchronized, and based on a “state of the art” knowledge of the Scandinavian bio-invasion of the species. The risk assessment presented in this report is based on available scientific literature, expert judgments and data collected during a Nordic collaboration project on Pacific oysters in 2011 – 2013.
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| 2. |
- Hallberg, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Clinical Factors Between Patients With Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor-Induced Angioedema and Cough
- 2017
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Ingår i: The Annals of Pharmacotherapy. - Thousand Oaks, USA : Sage Publications. - 1060-0280 .- 1542-6270. ; 51:4, s. 293-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Angioedema is a rare and serious adverse drug reaction (ADR) to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor treatment. Dry cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors and has been identified as a possible risk factor for angioedema.Objective: We compared characteristics between patients with ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema and cough with the aim of identifying risk factors that differ between these adverse events.Methods: Data on patients with angioedema or cough induced by ACE inhibitors were collected from the Swedish database of spontaneously reported ADRs or from collaborating clinicians. Wilcoxon rank sum test, Fisher's exact test, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were used to test for between-group differences. The significance threshold was set to P <0.00128 to correct for multiple comparisons.Results: Clinical characteristics were compared between 168 patients with angioedema and 121 with cough only. Smoking and concomitant selective calcium channel blocker treatment were more frequent among patients with angioedema than cough: OR = 4.3, 95% CI = 2.1-8.9, P = 2.2 × 10(-5), and OR = 3.7, 95% CI = 2.0-7.0, P = 1.7 × 10(-5) Angioedema cases were seen more often in male patients (OR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.4-3.6, P = 1.3 × 10(-4)) and had longer time to onset and higher doses than those with cough (P = 3.2 × 10(-10) and P = 2.6 × 10(-4)). A multiple model containing the variables smoking, concurrent calcium channel blocker treatment, male sex, and time to onset accounted for 26% of the variance between the groups.Conclusion: Smoking, comedication with selective calcium channel blockers, male sex, and longer treatment time were associated with ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema rather than cough.
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| 3. |
- Hallberg, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic variants associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough : a genome-wide association study in a Swedish population
- 2017
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Ingår i: Pharmacogenomics (London). - : FUTURE MEDICINE LTD. - 1462-2416 .- 1744-8042. ; 18:3, s. 201-213
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: We conducted a genome-wide association study on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough and used our dataset to replicate candidate genes iden-tified in previous studies. Patients & methods: A total of 124 patients and 1345 treated controls were genotyped using Illumina arrays. The genome-wide significance level was set to p < 5 x 10(-8). Results: We identified nearly genome-wide significant associations in CLASP1, PDE11A, KCNMB2, TGFA, SLC38A6 and MMP16. The strongest association was with rs62151109 in CLASP1 (odds ratio: 3.97; p = 9.44 x 10(-8)). All top hits except two were located in intronic or noncoding DNA regions. None of the candidate genes were significantly associated in our study. Conclusion: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced cough is potentially associated with genes that are independent of bradykinin pathways.
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| 4. |
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Key research needs for sustainable management of the Baltic Sea : Current situation, priorities and suggested actions for improvement
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this project was to review the present state of scientific knowledge for the Baltic Sea and to identify research priorities from an environmental management perspective. Prioritized research needs The following five topics were found to have particularly critical research needs from an environmental management perspective: 1. Ecosystem based-fisheries management. Implementation with enhanced evaluation of adaptive management systems in order to continuously build up knowledge 2. Relationships between pressure-impact-effectiveness of measures, including social indicators for the design and monitoring of measures3. Mapping of marine habitats and more knowledge of food webs (interactions and dynamics)4. Cumulative effects of hazardous substances and other pressures5. Mainstreaming climate change adaptation in sectorial policies and management frameworks
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Norling, Pia, 1974-
(författare)
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Importance of blue mussels for biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in subtidal habitats
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Blue mussels, Mytilus spp., occur on rocky and sedimentary shores worldwide where they often form dense aggregates. These assemblages change the local environment and create unique habitats. By extensive filter-feeding, the mussels regulate availability and flow of resources such as nutrients and organic material, and are thereby important in benthic-pelagic coupling. This thesis investigates the role of Mytilus spp. for the diversity of associated species, ecosystem functioning and services that the mussels provides. My results show that Mytilus habitats support highly diverse associated communities, especially in subtidal sediment habitats in the Skagerrak and Baltic Sea. The macrofauna species richness was shown to correlate with mussel patch size and biomass. Structural properties of Mytilus spp. provide substrate for attachment, shelter and increase habitat complexity in the system, which was found to enhance species diversity. Biological activities of the mussels, e.g. filter-feeding, biodeposition and nutrient regeneration, seemed to determine the abundance, biomass and functioning of the associated plant and animal communities. The communities are dependent on import of energy resources through the mussels filter-feeding from the pelagic system, which increase contents of organic carbon and nitrogen in sediments by biodeposition even in very small patches. At larger scale, the role of Mytilus spp. as a habitat-modifying species varied between substrate types. On soft substrate, where physical structure is scarce, Mytilus spp. had strong positive effects on the associated algal community, while on hard substrate much less influence was found. In Flensborg fjord, when coexisting with eelgrass, Zostera marina, presence of Mytilus edulis influenced the grain size and biogeochemistry of the sediment, which in turn, seemed to induce sulphide stress in the plants and change plant performance. Due to its biomass dominance and substantial water-filtering capacity, Mytilus sp. tends to counteract eutrophication and maintain water quality maintenance services in the Baltic Sea. The mussels' filtration of plankton and particulate organic material from the pelagic system improves the light climate for benthic algae and increase production of other benthic organisms. This promotes a shift from a turbid plankton dominated system to a highly diverse and productive benthic system. I conclude that Mytilus spp. is important for sustaining biodiversity and ecosystem functioning of subtidal habitats, especially in the Baltic coastal zone.
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| 9. |
- Norling, Pia, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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The role of the blue mussel (Mytilus sp.) as a habitat-forming species on subtidal hard and soft substrates in the Baltic Sea
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The role of habitat-modifying species may differ between different environmental settings. Therefore, we compared the effects of aggregating suspension-feeding blue mussels Mytilus sp. on associated species on subtidal hard and soft substrates. We used random quantitative samples collected from hard and soft substrates to assess species richness, composition and community structure of the Mytilus-red algal habitat in the northern Baltic proper. On soft substrate, we found a positive relationship between the biomass of Mytilus sp. and the red alga Furcellaria lumbricalis, while Phyllophora spp. was associated to Mytilus on both substrate types. On soft substrate, Mytilus sp. facilitated F. lumbricalis and other algal species by providing secondary substrate for attachment, e.g. shell and entangling byssus treads. This close Mytilus-red algal association had the same species richness on both hard and soft substrates. However, community structure differed between substrate types, especially when comparing the animal community. Multivariate analyses showed that on hard substrate, F. lumbricalis determined community structure, both individually and even more so in combination with Mytilus sp. In contrast, on soft substrate, Mytilus sp. was found to structure the plant, but not animal, community. Species interactions were found to differ between substrate types. A positive relationship was found between Mytilus sp. and Macoma balthica on hard substrate, while not on soft substrate. In general, the facilitating effects of Mytilus sp. on associated species were stronger on soft compared to hard substrates.
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