| 1. |
- Norrlid, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-effectiveness of maintenance treatment with a barrier-strengthening moisturizing cream in patients with atopic dermatitis in Finland, Norway and Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1651-2057 .- 0001-5555. ; 96:2, s. 173-176
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Atopic dermatitis is a chronic skin disorder with high prevalence, especially in the Nordic countries. Effective maintenance therapy during symptom-free episodes may prolong the time to eczema relapse according to a previously published clinical trial. The present study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of a barrier-strengthening moisturizer containing 5% urea, compared with a moisturizer with no active ingredients during eczema-free periods. A health economic microsimulation model, based on efficacy data from a randomized clinical trial, analysed the cost-effectiveness of the barrier-strengthening treatment in Finland, Norway and Sweden. The barrier-strengthening moisturizer was cost-saving compared with the moisturizer with no active ingredients in all 3 countries. The result was confirmed in all but 1 sensitivity analysis. In conclusion, the barrier-strengthening moisturizer is cost-effective as maintenance therapy for patients with atopic dermatitis compared with a moisturizer with no active ingredients.
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| 2. |
- Olofsson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Preferences for improvements in attributes associated with basal insulin : a time trade-off and willingness-to-pay survey of a diabetic and non-diabetic population in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Economics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1369-6998 .- 1941-837X. ; 19:10, s. 945-958
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Apart from improved health outcomes, treatment convenience per se may have a value to individuals. This is sometimes referred to as process utility and can be estimated in terms of willingness-to-pay (WTP) or quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Previous research has produced multiple studies on QALY gains and WTP estimates of insulin-related attributes. There are, however, significant variations between studies, and it is not clear to what extent the value is a reflection of the true preferences or a consequence of the methodological approach. The aim of this study is to estimate the preferences for treatment attributes associated with basal insulin (administration frequency, administration flexibility, and treatment-induced weight gain) using both QALYs—elicited using time trade-off (TTO) and WTP—among a sample of the Swedish general population and among a sample of the Swedish diabetes population. Methods: Data was collected using web-based surveys which were distributed to members of internet panels. The WTP survey presented five hypothetical scenarios with an offer to pay the incremental cost to receive basal insulin with improved attributes. The TTO survey presented six hypothetical scenarios where the respondent could choose between living for the rest of his/her life with diabetes and receiving treatment with a basal insulin with certain attributes or live for a shorter time with full health. The scenarios were combined with either a basal or a basal–bolus treatment regimen. Results from the TTO analysis were translated into monetary estimates using a threshold value of SEK500,000 per QALY. Results: In total, 2012 responses were included. The ratings of the attributes were almost identical, irrespective of method for the general population, while it differed to some extent for the diabetes population. The methods produced the same value for flexibility, but the estimates generated with the TTO approach were higher for one less injection and avoided weight gain. The general population assigned a higher utility gain to convenience attributes, while the diabetes population assigned a higher utility gain to avoiding weight gain. Limitations: About a quarter of the respondents did not accept the scenario in the WTP survey, i.e. protesters. Conclusions: The ranking of the attributes was generally independent of evaluation method, but the TTO method resulted in similar or higher values compared to the WTP method.
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| 3. |
- Olofsson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Societal cost of subcutaneous and intravenous trastuzumab for HER2-positive breast cancer – An observational study prospectively recording resource utilization in a Swedish healthcare setting
- 2016
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Ingår i: Breast. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-9776. ; 29, s. 140-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Trastuzumab is part of the standard treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer. The aim of this study was to estimate the societal value of trastuzumab administered through subcutaneous (SC) injection compared to intravenous (IV) infusion. Methods Female patients with HER2-positive breast cancer receiving SC or IV trastuzumab were consecutively enrolled from five Swedish oncology clinics from 2013 to 2015. Data on time and resource utilization was collected prospectively using patient and nurse questionnaires. Societal costs were calculated by multiplying the resource use by its corresponding unit price, including direct medical costs (pharmaceuticals, materials, nurse time, etc.), direct non-medical costs (transportation) and indirect costs (production loss, lost leisure time). Costs were reported separately for patients receiving trastuzumab for the first time and non-first time (“subsequent treatment”). Results In total, 101 IV and 94 SC patients were included in the study. The societal costs were lower with SC administration. For subsequent treatments the cost difference was €117 (IV €2099; SC €1983), partly explained by a higher time consumption both for nurses (14 min) and patients (23 min) with IV administration. Four IV and 16 SC patients received trastuzumab for the first time and were analysed separately, resulting in a difference in societal costs of €897 per treatment. A majority of patients preferred SC to IV administration. Conclusion SC administration resulted in both less direct medical costs and indirect costs, and was consequently less costly than IV administration from a societal perspective in a Swedish setting.
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