| 1. |
- Keough, Kathleen C., et al.
(författare)
-
Three-dimensional genome rewiring in loci with human accelerated regions
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 380:6643
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human accelerated regions (HARs) are conserved genomic loci that evolved at an accelerated rate in the human lineage and may underlie human-specific traits. We generated HARs and chimpanzee accelerated regions with an automated pipeline and an alignment of 241 mammalian genomes. Combining deep learning with chromatin capture experiments in human and chimpanzee neural progenitor cells, we discovered a significant enrichment of HARs in topologically associating domains containing human -specific genomic variants that change three-dimensional (3D) genome organization. Differential gene expression between humans and chimpanzees at these loci suggests rewiring of regulatory interactions between HARs and neurodevelopmental genes. Thus, comparative genomics together with models of 3D genome folding revealed enhancer hijacking as an explanation for the rapid evolution of HARs.
|
|
| 2. |
- Landegren, Finn, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparing Societal Consequence Measures of Outages in Electrical Distribution Systems
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Safety and Reliability : Methodology and Applications - Proceedings of the European Safety and Reliability Conference, ESREL 2014 - Methodology and Applications - Proceedings of the European Safety and Reliability Conference, ESREL 2014. - : CRC Press. - 9781138026810 - 9780429226823 ; , s. 189-196
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Quality of supply regulations are today in use in a large number of countries. While these regu-lations are likely to decrease the direct economical consequences from power outages it is less clear to what extent they take into account the societal criticality of consumers. In order to advance knowledge in this area, two different ways of estimating consequences of power outages are here contrasted. In recent years a system, named Styrel, has been introduced in Sweden, intended to enable prioritization of critical power customers from a societal perspective during times of power shortage. The Styrel prioritizations are here used as a proxy for the societal consequences of power outages. The second way of measuring consequences that arise makes use of the Swedish power outage regulation concerning outage compensations to customers. A case study is carried out for a real-life distribution system in Sweden, where failures of different sizes are simulated and the two consequence measures are calculated for each failure scenario. The overall result is that the present power outage regulation poorly mirrors the societal consequences as estimated by the Styrel prioritizations, leading to the conclusion that present day power outage regulation in Sweden is not satisfactorily taking some aspects of societal criticality into account.
|
|
| 3. |
- Siegel, Tomasz, et al.
(författare)
-
Prospective assessment of the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) as a measure of quality of care in an intensive care unit - a single-centre study
- 2015
-
Ingår i: ANAESTHESIOLOGY INTENSIVE THERAPY. - 1642-5758. ; 47:4, s. 328-332
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) is a recognized indicator of critical care quality. This ratio is used to compare actual hospital mortality of all patients treated in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with predicted mortality. The aim of this study was a prospective analysis of SMR as a measure of the quality of care in a single ICU. Methods: A prospective study was performed during a 12-month period in the ICU of the Czerniakowski Hospital in Warsaw. Predicted hospital mortality was calculated using the SAPS 3 model. The value of the SMR was evaluated in three risk groups (low, moderate, and high risk) and included the surgical status of patients (nonoperative, after elective or emergency surgery). Results: A total of 341 patients were included. The SMR in the general population was 0.98 (95% CI 0.74-1.28). In the low-and high-risk groups, the value of the SMR did not differ significantly from 1. In the average risk group, as well as among patients undergoing elective surgery, the value of the SMR tended to exceed 1. Conclusions: In groups of patients with low and high risk, the values of the SMR indicated a favourable quality of care. Study results should prompt a detailed analysis of the course of treatment for patients with an average risk of death. Analysis of the treatment course and qualification criteria for surgery in patients undergoing elective surgery is also indicated.
|
|
