| 1. |
- Alevronta, Eleftheria, et al.
(författare)
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Dose-response relationships for an atomized symptom of fecal incontinence after gynecological radiotherapy.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). - : Taylor & Francis. - 1651-226X .- 0284-186X. ; 52:4, s. 719-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. The aim of this study was to investigate what bowel organ and delivered dose levels are most relevant for the development of 'emptying of all stools into clothing without forewarning' so that the related dose-responses could be derived as an aid in avoiding this distressing symptom in the future. Material and methods. Of the 77 gynecological cancer survivors treated with radiotherapy (RT) for gynecological cancer, 13 developed the symptom. The survivors were treated between 1991 and 2003. The anal-sphincter region, the rectum, the sigmoid and the small intestines were all delineated and the dose-volume histograms were exported for each patient. The dose-volume parameters were estimated fitting the data to the Relative Seriality (RS), the Lyman and the generalized Equivalent Uniform Dose (gEUD) model. Results. The dose-response parameters for all three models and four organs at risk (OARs) were estimated. The data from the sigmoid fits the studied models best: D50 was 58.8 and 59.5 Gy (RS, Lyman), γ50 was 1.60 and 1.57 (RS, Lyman), s was 0.32, n was 0.13 and a was 7.7 (RS, Lyman, gEUD). The estimated volume parameters indicate that the investigated OARs behave serially for this endpoint. Our results for the three models studied indicate that they have the same predictive power (similar LL values) for the symptom as a function of the dose for all investigated OARs. Conclusions. In our study, the anal-sphincter region and sigmoid fit our data best, but all OARs were found to have steep dose-responses for 'emptying of all stools into clothing without forewarning' and thus, the outcome can be predicted with an NTCP model. In addition, the dose to the four studied OARs may be considered when minimizing the risk of the symptom.
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| 2. |
- Bergman, David, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of ICD-based diagnoses of alcohol-related disorders and diseases from swedish nationwide registers and suggestions for coding
- 2020
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Ingår i: Clinical Epidemiology. - Macclesfield, United Kingdom : Dove Medical Press Ltd.. - 1179-1349. ; 12, s. 1433-1442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To improve consistency between register studies in Sweden and ensure valid comparisons of possible changes in alcohol-related disorders and diseases (ARDDs) over time, we propose a definition of ARDDs. Based on this definition, we examined Sweden’s incidence rates of ARDDs from 1970 to 2018 in non-primary healthcare settings (inpatient and outpatient). Methods: Swedish Society of Epidemiology members were invited to give feedback on the International Classification of Disease (ICD) codes with a potential link to alcohol use. We then calculated age-standardised and age-specific incidence of ARDDs over time according to the National Patient Register, and the lifetime prevalence of ARDDs diagnosed in adults alive in Sweden on Dec 31, 2018. Results: Sweden’s estimated incidence of ARDDs increased substantially after introducing the new ICD-9 codes in 1987. In the past 10 years (2009–2018), the incidence of ARDDs has been stable (males: 110/100,000 person-years, females: 49/100,000 person-years). Requiring at least two ICD records for diagnosed ARDDs led to a somewhat lower incidence of ARDDs (males: 71 per 100,000 person-years, females: 29 per 100,000 person-years). In Sweden, the lifetime prevalence of diagnosed ARDDs in adults on Dec 31, 2018, was 1.9% (95% CI=1.9–1.9). Conclusion: In this nationwide study, we found an incidence of ARDDs of 50–100/ 100,000 person-years. In 2018, 1 in 52 adults in Sweden had been diagnosed with ARDDs in the National Patient Register.
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| 3. |
- Bobjer, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
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Location of retroperitoneal lymph node metastases in upper tract urothelial carcinoma : results from a prospective lymph node mapping study
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Urology Open Science. - : Elsevier. - 2666-1691 .- 2666-1683. ; 57, s. 37-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is limited information on the distribution of retroperitoneal lymph node metastases (LNMs) in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Objective: To investigate the location of LNMs in UTUC of the renal pelvis or proximal ureter and short-term complications after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) with lymph node dissection (LND).Design, setting, and participants: This was a prospective Nordic multicenter study (four university hospitals, two county hospitals). Patients with clinically suspected locally advanced UTUC (stage >T1) and/or clinical lymph node–positive (cN+) disease were invited to participate. Participants underwent RNU and fractionated retroperitoneal LND using predefined side-specific templates.Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: The location of LNMs in the LND specimen and retroperitoneal lymph node recurrences during follow-up was recorded. Postoperative complications within 90 d of surgery were ascertained from patient charts. Descriptive statistics were used.Results and limitations: LNMs were present in the LND specimen in 23/100 patients, and nine of 100 patients experienced a retroperitoneal recurrence. Distribution per side revealed LNMs in the LND specimen in 11/38 (29%) patients with right-sided tumors, for whom the anatomically larger, right-sided template was used, in comparison to 12/62 (19%) patients with left-sided tumors, for whom a more limited template was used. High-grade complications (Clavien grade ≥3) within 90 d of surgery were registered for 13/100 patients. The study is limited in size and not powered to assess survival estimates.Conclusions: The suggested templates that we prospectively applied for right-sided and left-sided LND in patients with advanced UTUC included the majority of LNMs. High-grade complications directly related to the LND part of the surgery were limited.Patient summary: This study describes the location of lymph node metastases in patients with cancer in the upper urinary tract who underwent surgery to remove the affected kidney and ureter. The results show that most metastases occur within the template maps for lymph node surgery that we investigated, and that this surgery can be performed with few severe complications.
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| 4. |
- Borgström Källén, Carina, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Vad kan det musikpedagogiska forskningsfältet erbjuda framtidens musiklärarutbildningar?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nordic Network for Research in Music Education.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I musiklärarutbildningar vid musikhögskolor i Sverige finns det lång erfarenhet att tillvarata studenters behov av hantverksmässiga studier för såväl erövrande av fördjupade kunskaper i musicerande som i utvecklingen till att bli musiklärare som kan sitt musikaliska didaktiska hantverk. Traditionen av att integrera vetenskapliga rön i musiklärarutbildningarna är däremot inte lång och inte helt okomplicerad, delvis beroende på traditioner och att lärande i musikaliska hantverk tar mycket tid. Att sätta sig in i forskning som för utbildningen torde vara väsentlig kan vara betydligt lägre prioriterat, inte minst i ämnesstudierna. I rundabordssamtalet vill vi därför lyfta frågan hur vi inom det musikpedagogiska forskningsfältet kan bidra till att utveckla musiklärarutbildningarnas vetenskapliga innehåll och särskilt hur det kan integreras i studenternas ämnesstudier. Frågan är stor varför vi till det här samtalet avgränsar det till hur vi mer aktivt skulle kunna bidra genom att kontinuerligt rapportera om aktuell forskning som berör dagsaktuella frågor för musiklärare, eller som eventuellt borde vara det, och paketera det på ett sätt som är lättåtkomligt utan att göra avkall på vetenskaplighet. I skrivande stund arbetar vi med en antologi där vi bidrar med olika kapitel inom några av de områden som vi identifierat som aktuella för blivande musiklärare och/eller verksamma lärare och där vi alltså kan tillföra kunskap. Varje kapitel bygger på något område som kapitelförfattaren behandlade i sin avhandling (Asp, 2015; Borgström Källén, 2014; Falthin, 2015; Leijonhufvud, 2018; Mars, 2016; Nyberg, 2015; Zadig, 2017) och som i kapitlet ställs i relation till aktuella didaktiska frågor. De områden som behandlas är: o Hur genrer som musikdidaktiska redskap kan bidra till såväl breddning som fördjupning i olika musikstilar. o Musik som skolämne relaterat till genre och genus o Formativ bedömning i musikundervisning ur ett multimodalt perspektiv o Konsekvenser av ”flytande” strömmad musik o Synliggörande av den egna yrkesskickligheten–hur studenter och lärare ska kunna utveckla sin egen förståelse för hur och varför olika verktyg används i undervisningen. o Hur aktionsforskning kan stärka musiklärares agens o Forskningsmetoder för att undersöka rolltagande i kör. Ämnesinnehållet kan tyckas något spretigt men goda erfarenheter av att ha gjort så i en tidigare antologi som flera av oss deltog i (Ferm Thorgersen, 2013), talar för valet att presentera skilda områden utifrån olika teoretiska utgångspunkter och sätta dessa i relation till praktiknära frågor. Ett övergripande kapitel tillkommer i den pågående antologin som syftar till att utifrån de olika kapitlen påvisa hur praktik och teori samspelar i såväl vardagliga musikpraktiker som i musikpedagogisk forskning; kunskap som vi ser som vi ser som väsentlig att vara väl belyst och integrerad i framtida musiklärarutbildningar. Referenser: Asp, K. (2015). Mellan klassrum och scen: en studie av ensembleundervisning på gymnasieskolans estetiska program. Diss. Lund: Lunds universitet. Borgström Källén, C. (2014). När musik gör skillnad: genus och genrepraktiker i samspel. Diss. Göteborg: Högskolan för scen och musik vid Göteborgs universitet. Falthin, A. (2015). Meningserbjudanden och val: en studie om musicerande i musikundervisning på högstadiet. Diss. Lund: Lunds universitet. Ferm Thorgersen, C.(red.) (2013). Perspektiv på praktiknära musikpedagogisk forskning: utkomster av en forskarskola. Luleå: Institutionen för konst, kommunikation och lärande, Luleå tekniska universitet. Leijonhufvud, S. (2018). Liquid streaming: the Spotify way to music. Diss. Luleå: Luleå tekniska universitet. Mars, A. (2016). När kulturer spelar med i klassrummet: en sociokulturell studie av ungdomars lärande i musik. Diss. Luleå: Luleå tekniska universitet. Nyberg, J. (2015). Music education as an adventure of knowledge: student and teacher experience as conceptualizations of musical knowledge, learning and teaching. Diss. Luleå: Luleå tekniska universitet. Zadig, S. (2017). Ledarna i kören: vokala samarbeten mellan körsångare. Diss. Lund: Lunds universitet.
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| 5. |
- Elgzyri, Targ, et al.
(författare)
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Early Revascularization after Admittance to a Diabetic Foot Center Affects the Healing Probability of Ischemic Foot Ulcer in Patients with Diabetes.
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-2165 .- 1078-5884. ; 48:4, s. 440-446
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is limited information about whether time from recognition of decreased perfusion to revascularization affects the probability of healing in a patient with a diabetic foot ulcer. The aim of the present study was to examine whether time to revascularization after referral to a multidisciplinary foot center was related to the outcome of foot ulcers in patients with diabetes and severe peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Framke, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Contribution of income and job strain to the association between education and cardiovascular disease in 1.6 million Danish employees
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 41:11, s. 1164-1178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: We examined the extent to which associations between education and cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality are attributable to income and work stress.Methods and results: We included all employed Danish residents aged 30–59 years in 2000. Cardiovascular disease morbidity analyses included 1 638 270 individuals, free of cardiometabolic disease (CVD or diabetes). Mortality analyses included 41 944 individuals with cardiometabolic disease. We assessed education and income annually from population registers and work stress, defined as job strain, with a job-exposure matrix. Outcomes were ascertained until 2014 from health registers and risk was estimated using Cox regression. During 10 957 399 (men) and 10 776 516 person-years (women), we identified 51 585 and 24 075 incident CVD cases, respectively. For men with low education, risk of CVD was 1.62 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.58–1.66] before and 1.46 (95% CI 1.42–1.50) after adjustment for income and job strain (25% reduction). In women, estimates were 1.66 (95% CI 1.61–1.72) and 1.53 (95% CI 1.47–1.58) (21% reduction). Of individuals with cardiometabolic disease, 1736 men (362 234 person-years) and 341 women (179 402 person-years) died from CVD. Education predicted CVD mortality in both sexes. Estimates were reduced with 54% (men) and 33% (women) after adjustment for income and job strain.Conclusion: Low education predicted incident CVD in initially healthy individuals and CVD mortality in individuals with prevalent cardiometabolic disease. In men with cardiometabolic disease, income and job strain explained half of the higher CVD mortality in the low education group. In healthy men and in women regardless of cardiometabolic disease, these factors explained 21–33% of the higher CVD morbidity and mortality.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Fransson, Eleonor, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Job strain as a risk factor for leisure-time physical inactivity : an individual-participant meta-analysis of up to 170,000 men and women
- 2012
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Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - Cary : Oxford University Press. - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 176:12, s. 1078-1089
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unfavorable work characteristics, such as low job control and too high or too low job demands, have been suggested to increase the likelihood of physical inactivity during leisure time, but this has not been verified in large-scale studies. The authors combined individual-level data from 14 European cohort studies (baseline years from 19851988 to 20062008) to examine the association between unfavorable work characteristics and leisure-time physical inactivity in a total of 170,162 employees (50 women; mean age, 43.5 years). Of these employees, 56,735 were reexamined after 29 years. In cross-sectional analyses, the odds for physical inactivity were 26 higher (odds ratio 1.26, 95 confidence interval: 1.15, 1.38) for employees with high-strain jobs (low control/high demands) and 21 higher (odds ratio 1.21, 95 confidence interval: 1.11, 1.31) for those with passive jobs (low control/low demands) compared with employees in low-strain jobs (high control/low demands). In prospective analyses restricted to physically active participants, the odds of becoming physically inactive during follow-up were 21 and 20 higher for those with high-strain (odds ratio 1.21, 95 confidence interval: 1.11, 1.32) and passive (odds ratio 1.20, 95 confidence interval: 1.11, 1.30) jobs at baseline. These data suggest that unfavorable work characteristics may have a spillover effect on leisure-time physical activity.
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