| 1. |
- Ertzgaard, Per, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Oculomotor screening and neuro-visual rehabilitation following pediatric brain tumor resection
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Ios press. - 1874-5393 .- 1875-8894. ; , s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Visual difficulties are common after brain tumors, despite a lack of visual complaints at diagnosis. These include difficulties with eye movements, visual coordination, vergence, accommodation, and photophobia, in addition to more obvious problems such as visual field defects.This case report presents the results of a thorough neuro-visual evaluation in a boy with sequelae after a brain tumor including intermittent double vision that was not explained by routine visual examination. Subjective complaints included poor reading perseverance, intermittent blurred and double vision, headache around the eyes when performing near activities, less efficient eye movement behavior in reading tasks, and increased sensitivity to visual motion. The patient participated in a multidisciplinary visual rehabilitation program that included reading glasses with prism compensation and tinted glasses, as well as training with the aim of improving eye teaming, near vision functions, and perseverance in eye movements.The patient responded quickly to the vision therapy program, with positive changes after just four weeks. Repeated neuro-visual evaluations over eight months showed remarkable improvements that were stable over time. This encouraging case report supports the notion that neuro-visual evaluation and rehabilitation should be included in the follow-up of patients after brain tumors.
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| 2. |
- Gebre-Medhin, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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ARTSCAN III : A randomized phase III study comparing chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin versus cetuximab in patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - : American Society of Clinical Oncology. - 0732-183X .- 1527-7755. ; 39:1, s. 38-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE We performed an open-label randomized controlled phase III study comparing treatment outcome and toxicity between radiotherapy (RT) with concomitant cisplatin versus concomitant cetuximab in patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC; stage III-IV according to the Union for International Cancer Control TNM classification, 7th edition). MATERIALS AND METHODS Eligible patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive either intravenous cetuximab 400 mg/m2 1 week before start of RT followed by 250 mg/m2/wk, or weekly intravenous cisplatin 40 mg/m2, during RT. RT was conventionally fractionated. Patients with T3-T4 tumors underwent a second random assignment 1:1 between standard RT dose 68.0 Gy to the primary tumor or dose escalation to 73.1 Gy. Primary end point was overall survival (OS) evaluated using adjusted Cox regression analysis. Secondary end points were locoregional control, local control with dose-escalated RT, pattern of failure, and adverse effects. RESULTS Study inclusion was prematurely closed after an unplanned interim analysis when 298 patients had been randomly assigned. At 3 years, OS was 88% (95% CI, 83% to 94%) and 78% (95% CI, 71% to 85%) in the cisplatin and cetuximab groups, respectively (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.63; 95% CI, 0.93 to 2.86; P 5 .086). The cumulative incidence of locoregional failures at 3 years was 23% (95% CI, 16% to 31%) compared with 9% (95% CI, 4% to 14%) in the cetuximab versus the cisplatin group (Gray’s test P 5 .0036). The cumulative incidence of distant failures did not differ between the treatment groups. Dose escalation in T3-T4 tumors did not increase local control. CONCLUSION Cetuximab is inferior to cisplatin regarding locoregional control for concomitant treatment with RT in patients with locoregionally advanced HNSCC. Additional studies are needed to identify possible subgroups that still may benefit from concomitant cetuximab treatment.
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| 3. |
- Grubb, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Generation of a new cystatin C-based estimating equation for glomerular filtration rate by use of 7 assays standardized to the international calibrator
- 2014
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Ingår i: Clinical Chemistry. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0009-9147 .- 1530-8561. ; 60:7, s. 974-986
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:Many different cystatin C-based equations exist for estimating glomerular filtration rate. Major reasons for this are the previous lack of an international cystatin C calibrator and the nonequivalence of results from different cystatin C assays.METHODS:Use of the recently introduced certified reference material, ERM-DA471/IFCC, and further work to achieve high agreement and equivalence of 7 commercially available cystatin C assays allowed a substantial decrease of the CV of the assays, as defined by their performance in an external quality assessment for clinical laboratory investigations. By use of 2 of these assays and a population of 4690 subjects, with large subpopulations of children and Asian and Caucasian adults, with their GFR determined by either renal or plasma inulin clearance or plasma iohexol clearance, we attempted to produce a virtually assay-independent simple cystatin C-based equation for estimation of GFR.RESULTS:We developed a simple cystatin C-based equation for estimation of GFR comprising only 2 variables, cystatin C concentration and age. No terms for race and sex are required for optimal diagnostic performance. The equation, [Formula: see text] is also biologically oriented, with 1 term for the theoretical renal clearance of small molecules and 1 constant for extrarenal clearance of cystatin C.CONCLUSIONS:A virtually assay-independent simple cystatin C-based and biologically oriented equation for estimation of GFR, without terms for sex and race, was produced.
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| 4. |
- Holgersson, Georg, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of Increased Radiotoxicity on Survival of Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Curatively Intended Radiotherapy
- 2015
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Ingår i: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 35:10, s. 5491-5497
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To elucidate the impact of different forms of radiation toxicities (esophagitis, radiation pneumonitis, mucositis and hoarseness), on the survival of patients treated with curatively intended radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Patients and Methods: Data were individually collected retrospectively for all patients diagnosed with NSCLC subjected to curatively intended radiotherapy (>= 50 Gy) in Sweden during the time period 1990 to 2000.Results: Esophagitis was the only radiation-induced toxicity with an impact on survival (hazard ratio=0.83, p=0.016). However, in a multivariate model, with clinical-and treatment-related factors taken into consideration, the impact of esophagitis on survival was no longer statistically significant (hazard ratio=0.88, p=0.17).Conclusion: The effect on survival seen in univariate analysis may be related to higher radiation dose and to the higher prevalence of chemotherapy in this group. The results do not suggest that the toxicities examined have any detrimental effect on overall survival.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Karl-Axel, et al.
(författare)
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The quality assurance process for the ARTSCAN head and neck study - a practical interactive approach for QA in 3DCRT and IMRT.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-8140 .- 1879-0887. ; 87:2, s. 290-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: This paper describes the quality assurance (QA) work performed in the Swedish multicenter ARTSCAN (Accelerated RadioTherapy of Squamous cell CArcinomas in the head and Neck) trial to guarantee high quality in a multicenter study which involved modern radiotherapy such as 3DCRT or IMRT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was closed in June 2006 with 750 randomised patients. Radiation therapy-related data for every patient were sent by each participating centre to the QA office where all trial data were reviewed, analysed and stored. In case of any deviation from the protocol, an interactive process was started between the QA office and the local responsible clinician and/or physicist to increase the compliance to the protocol for future randomised patients. Meetings and workshops were held on a regular basis for discussions on various trial-related issues and for the QA office to report on updated results. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: This review covers the 734 patients out of a total of 750 who had entered the study. Deviations early in the study were corrected so that the overall compliance to the protocol was very high. There were only negligible variations in doses and dose distributions to target volumes for each specific site and stage. The quality of the treatments was high. Furthermore, an extensive database of treatment parameters was accumulated for future dose-volume vs. endpoint evaluations. CONCLUSIONS: This comprehensive QA programme increased the probability to draw firm conclusions from our study and may serve as a concept for QA work in future radiotherapy trials where comparatively small effects are searched for in a heterogeneous tumour population.
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| 6. |
- Liss, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Renal effects of CO2 and iodinated contrast media in patients undergoing renovascular intervention : a prospective, randomized study
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. - 1051-0443 .- 1535-7732. ; 16:1, s. 57-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: CO2 gas has been proposed for use instead of iodinated contrast media in angiographic examinations in patients at risk of developing renal failure from contrast media. The influence of intraarterial injection of CO2 with small added amounts of ioxaglate (200 mgI/mL) or ioxaglate alone on renal function in patients with suspected renal artery stenosis was studied in a prospective, randomized study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty-three patients underwent renovascular intervention (n = 83) and/or renal angiography (n = 40) for suspected renal artery stenosis. Patients with a serum creatinine concentration less than 200 micromol/L (n = 82) were randomized prospectively to receive CO2 with small added amounts of ioxaglate (n = 37) or only ioxaglate (n = 45). Patients with serum creatinine levels greater than 200 micromol/L (n = 41) were not randomized and initially received CO2. Serum creatinine concentrations were measured within 1 day before and 1 day, 2 days, and 2-3 weeks after the procedure. RESULTS: The amount of injected CO2 did not relate to an increase in serum creatinine level. In the randomized groups, and also when the whole patient sample was considered, the amount of injected iodine was significantly correlated (P = .011) with an increase in serum creatinine level and a decrease in estimated creatinine clearance after 2 days. Among the randomized patients, one in the CO2 group and three in the ioxaglate group had a more than 25% increase in serum creatinine level within the first 2 days after the intervention. CONCLUSION: The risk of impairment of renal function is lower after injection of CO2 with small amounts of added ioxaglate compared with injection of a larger amount of ioxaglate alone. The larger the amount of administered iodinated contrast medium, the greater the risk of development of renal failure.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Nyman, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Carotid wall echogenicity at baseline associates with accelerated vascular aging in a middle-aged population
- 2023
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging. - : Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. - 1569-5794 .- 1875-8312. ; 39:3, s. 575-583
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultrasonic echolucent carotid intima-media (IM) complex and accelerated progression of carotid intima mediathickness (cIMT) have both separately been shown to predict future cardiovascular events. The aim of this studywas to evaluate if the echogenicity of the IM-complex is associated with the 3-year progression of cIMT. B-modeultrasound images captured at baseline and 3-year follow-up in the ‘Visualization of asymptomatic atherosclerotic disease for optimum cardiovascular prevention’ (VIPVIZA) trial were included (n: 3154). The bilateral mean cIMT and IM-echogenicity by greyscale median (GSM) were measured in the common carotid artery. Associations between IM-GSM at baseline and the 3-year cIMT progression were investigated using linear regression models for the whole population and stratified by sex, age and VIPVIZA study group (intervention versus control). In addition, adjusted analyses for confounding factors were performed. Unadjusted analysis showed that decreased IM-GSM at baseline was associated with increased progression of cIMT (p < 0.001). Stratified by age, the association was significant among 40 (p < 0.001) and 60 years old (p < 0.001). The association was statistically significant in both sexes and on comparison of VIPVIZA study subgroups. Adjustments for confounding factors did not alter the estimated relationship between IM-GSM and cIMT progression. Echolucent carotid intima media at baseline associates with increased 3-year cIMT progression among an asymptomatic, middle-aged population. Echogenicity of the intima media may identify individuals at risk for accelerated vascular aging.
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| 9. |
- Nyman, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Reduced progression of carotid intima media thickness by personalised pictorial presentation of subclinical atherosclerosis in VIPVIZA : A randomised controlled trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 43:4, s. 232-241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Reduced progression of atherosclerosis can decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed at evaluating the effect of a pictorial intervention showing atherosclerotic severity on the progression of carotid atherosclerosis.Methods: A prospective randomised open-label blinded end-point trial with participants aged 40–60 years enroled from a routine CVD prevention programme. The intervention group (n: 1575) and their treating physicians received an image based presentation of subclinical atherosclerotic severity measured by carotid ultrasound. The control group (n: 1579) did not receive any information about ultrasound results. Carotid ultrasound at baseline and at 3-year follow-up contained plaque detection and measurements of carotid intima media thickness (cIMT). The left, right and bilateral-mean-cIMT, plaque prevalence and total plaque area (TPA) at 3-year follow-up were compared between groups. Significance level was set to p = 0.01 to adjust for multiple comparisons.Results: The intervention group revealed reduced cIMT progression in the left-mean-cIMT of −0.011 mm (p = 0.001) compared with the control group. The intervention effect on cIMT progression was most prominent in individuals with increased cIMT and plaque prevalence at baseline (−0.021 mm, p = 0.005). There were no differences in progression between groups for the right-and bilateral-mean-cIMT (−0.005 mm, p = 0.223 and −0.005 mm, p = 0.036, respectively), nor any differences between groups for plaque prevalence or TPA (odds ratio 0.88, p = 0.09 and 0.89, p = 0.21, respectively).Conclusion: Pictorial presentation of subclinical atherosclerotic severity sent to both the individual and their treating physician resulted in significantly reduced left cIMT progression. Pictorial presentation has the potential to increase adherence in CVD prevention.
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