| 1. |
- Ahlbeck, Lars, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Intralymphatic allergen immunotherapy against pollen allergy. A 3-year open follow-up study of 10 patients
- 2018
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Ingår i: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. - : Elsevier. - 1081-1206 .- 1534-4436. ; 121:5, s. 626-627
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To date, allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only treatment that affects the long-term development of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and induces clinical tolerance primarily by stimulating regulatory T (Treg) cells, attenuating T helper 2 (Th2) responses and synthesis of blocking antibodies1. Conventional AIT with subcutaneous injections, sublingual tablets or drops is effective, but consumes time and resources 2.
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| 2. |
- Ahlbeck, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Intralymphatic immunotherapy with birch and grass pollen extracts. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : WILEY. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 53:8, s. 809-820
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionThere is a need to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT) for inducing tolerance in patients with allergic rhinitis. MethodsThirty-seven patients with seasonal allergic symptoms to birch and grass pollen and skin prick test >3 mm and/or IgE to birch and timothy >0.35 kU/L were randomized to either ILIT, with three doses of 0.1 mL of birch pollen and 5-grass pollen allergen extracts on aluminium hydroxide (10,000 SQ-U/ml; ALK-Abello) or placebo using ultrasound-guided intralymphatic injections at monthly intervals. Daily combined symptom medical score and rhinoconjunctivitis total symptom score were recorded during the peak pollen seasons the year before and after treatment. Rhinoconjunctivitis total symptom score, medication score and rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire were recorded annually starting 2 years after treatment. Circulating proportions of T helper cell subsets and allergen-induced cytokine and chemokine production were analysed using flow cytometry and ELISA. ResultsThere were no differences between the groups related to daily combined symptom medical score the year before and after treatment. Two years after ILIT (after unblinding), the actively treated group reported significantly fewer symptoms, lower medication use and improved quality of life than did the placebo group. After the pollen seasons the year after ILIT, T regulatory cell frequencies and grass-induced IFN-gamma levels increased only in the actively treated group. ConclusionIn this randomized controlled trial, ILIT with birch and grass pollen extract was safe and accompanied by immunological changes. Further studies are required to confirm or refute the efficacy of the treatment.
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| 3. |
- Ahlbeck, Lars, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Intralymphatic immunotherapy with one or two allergens renders similar clinical response in patients with allergic rhinitis due to birch and grass pollen
- 2022
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - Chichester, United Kingdom : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 52:6, s. 747-759
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionThere is a need for a fast, efficient and safe way to induce tolerance in patients with severe allergic rhinitis. Intralymphatic immune therapy has been shown to be effective. MethodsPatients with severe birch and timothy allergy were randomized and received three doses of 0.1 ml of birch and 5-grass allergen extracts (10,000 SQ units/ml, ALK-Abello), or birch and placebo or 5-grass and placebo by ultrasound-guided injections into inguinal lymph nodes at monthly intervals. Rhinoconjunctivitis total symptom score, medication score and rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire were evaluated before treatment and after each birch and grass pollen season during three subsequent years. Circulating proportions of T helper subsets and allergen-induced cytokine and chemokine production were analysed by flow cytometry and Luminex.Results The three groups reported fewer symptoms, lower use of medication and improved quality of life during the birch and grass pollen seasons each year after treatment at an almost similar rate independently of treatment with one or two allergens. Mild local pain was the most common adverse event. IgE levels to birch decreased, whereas birch-induced IL-10 secretion increased in all three groups. IgG4 levels to birch and timothy and skin prick test reactivity remained mainly unchanged. Conjunctival challenge tests with timothy extract showed a higher threshold for allergen. In all three groups, regulatory T cell frequencies were increased 3 years after treatment.Conclusions Intralymphatic immunotherapy with one or two allergens in patients with grass and birch pollen allergy was safe, effective and may be associated with bystander immune modulatory responses.
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| 4. |
- Bergfors, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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A child with a long-standing, intensely itching subcutaneous nodule on a thigh : an uncommon (?) reaction to commonly used vaccines
- 2013
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Ingår i: BMJ Case Reports. - : BMJ Publishing Group. - 1757-790X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A 2-year-old girl presented with an intensely itching subcutaneous nodule on the front of a thigh. The nodule persisted for 10 months until it was excised. Subsequent investigation for malignancy and systemic disease showed no pathological findings. The diagnosis, persistent itching vaccination granuloma, was revealed by hazard almost 2 years after the onset of symptoms. Persistent itching subcutaneous nodules at the injection site for aluminium containing vaccines (mostly diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis combination vaccines for primary immunisation of infants) may appear with a long delay after the vaccination (months), cause prolonged itching (years) and are often associated with contact allergy to aluminium. The condition is poorly recognised in Health Care which may lead to prolonged symptoms and unnecessary investigations.
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| 5. |
- Bergfors, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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How common are long-lasting, intensely itching vaccination granulomas and contact allergy to aluminium induced by currently used pediatric vaccines? A prospective cohort study
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Pediatrics. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 0340-6199 .- 1432-1076. ; 173:10, s. 1297-1307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The frequency of long-lasting, intensely itching subcutaneous nodules at the injection site for aluminium (Al)-adsorbed vaccines (vaccination granulomas) was investigated in a prospective cohort study comprising 4,758 children who received either a diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-polio-Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (Infanrix®, Pentavac®) alone or concomitant with a pneumococcal conjugate (Prevenar). Both vaccines were adsorbed to an Al adjuvant. Altogether 38 children (0.83 %) with itching granulomas were identified, epicutaneously tested for Al sensitisation and followed yearly. Contact allergy to Al was verified in 85 %. The median duration of symptoms was 22 months in those hitherto recovered. The frequency of granulomas induced by Infanrix® was >0.66 % and by Prevenar >0.35 %. The risk for granulomas increased from 0.63 to 1.18 % when a second Al-adsorbed vaccine was added to the schedule. Conclusion: Long-lasting itching vaccination granulomas are poorly understood but more frequent than previously known after infant vaccination with commonly used diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-polio-Haemophilus influenzae type b and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. The risk increases with the number of vaccines given. Most children with itching granulomas become contact allergic to aluminium. Itching vaccination granulomas are benign but may be troublesome and should be recognised early in primary health care to avoid unnecessary investigations, anxiety and mistrust.
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| 6. |
- Bergfors, Elisabet, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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Patch testing children with aluminium chloride hexahydrate in petrolatum: A review and a recommendation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : WILEY. - 0105-1873 .- 1600-0536. ; 81:2, s. 81-88
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: According to studies on adults, patch testing with aluminium chloride hexahydrate 2% pet. is insufficient to detect aluminium allergy, and a 10% preparation is recommended. Other studies suggest that a 2% preparation is sufficient for testing children. Objectives: To review three previously published Swedish studies on patch testing children with aluminium chloride hexahydrate 2% pet. Patients/Methods: Altogether, 601 children with persistent itching subcutaneous nodules (granulomas) induced by aluminium-adsorbed vaccines were patch tested with aluminium chloride hexahydrate 2% pet. and metallic aluminium in (a) a pertussis vaccine trial, (b) clinical practice, and (ca) prospective study. Results: Overall, 459 children had positive reactions to the 2% pet. preparation. Another 10 reacted positively only to metallic aluminium. An extreme positive reaction (+++) was seen in 65% of children aged 1 to 2 years as compared with 22% of children aged 7 years. From 8 years onwards, extreme positive reactions were scarce. Conclusions: Aluminium chloride hexahydrate 2% pet. is sufficient to trace aluminium allergy in children. Small children are at risk of extreme reactions. We thus suggest that aluminium chloride hexahydrate 10% pet. should not be used routinely in children before the age of 7 to 8 years.
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| 7. |
- Bernfort, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Allergenspecifik immunoterapi vid behandling av allergisk rinit : Behandlingseffekter, kostnader och kostnadseffektivitet
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Prevalensen av allergier har skattats till omkring 20 % i Sverige. Allergisk rinit är vanligast bland unga vuxna och prevalensen är högre i länder med hög levnadsstandard. På individnivå har miljön i tidig barndom stor betydelse för utveckling av allergier senare i livet. Symtomen förknippade med allergisk rinit ger upphov till nedsatt livskvalitet, vårdkostnader, och produktionsförluster till följd av sjukskrivningar.Tidigare fanns endast symtomlindrande behandlingar att tillgå, men på senare år har sjukdomsmodifierande behandlingar lanserats. Dessa består av allergenspecifika immunoterapier (ASIT) som bygger på en successivt ökad tillvänjning av allergenextrakt för att skapa immunitet. ASIT kan bestå av subkutan immunoterapi (SCIT) eller sublingual immunoterapi (SLIT). Det finns läkemedel av detta slag som ingår i den svenska läkemedelsförmånen, men med begränsningen att de får förskrivas endast när bästa möjliga symtomdämpande behandling inte ger ett tillfredsställande resultat. Syftet med denna rapport var att genom en litteraturgenomgång undersöka vilken evidens som finns för klinisk effekt, inverkan på kostnader, samt kostnadseffektivitet av ASIT jämfört med enbart symtomatisk behandling vid allergisk rinit. Litteraturgenomgången utgjorde sedan grund för en bedömning av behovet av att genomföra en svensk kostnadseffektstudie.Vad gäller klinisk effekt av ASIT jämfört med symtomatisk behandling hittades flera studier av såväl SCIT som SLIT. Studierna visade genomgående på signifikanta förbättringar jämfört med symtomatisk behandling med avseende på symtom, livskvalitet, och behov av symtomatisk medicinering. Även vårdkostnader andra än de för symtomatisk behandling är lägre med ASIT.Kostnadseffektiviteten av ASIT har analyserats i flera studier gällande europeiska förhållanden. I ett par av dessa studier har även svenska förhållanden studerats specifikt. Samtliga publicerade studier fann att kostnadseffektiviteten av ASIT var god, med kostnader per QALY under 200 000 kronor om bara direkta kostnader beaktas och betydligt lägre kostnader per QALY om även indirekta kostnader beaktas. Dessa resultat bekräftas i ett räkneexempel utifrån kända fakta som avslutar denna rapport.Sammantaget talar publicerade vetenskapliga studier enhälligt för att ASIT, jämfört med enbart symtomatisk behandling, är en kostnadseffektiv behandling. Det finns ingen anledning att tro att denna slutsats skulle förändras av att genomföra en kostnadseffektstudie under svenska förhållanden. Vid en sådan studie bör extra fokus ligga på att utreda effekter på livskvalitet (QALYs) och produktionsförluster.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Nyström Kronander, Ulla, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Atopi, allergi och överkänslighet
- 2018
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Ingår i: Läkemedelsboken. - : Läkemedelsverket.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Nyström Kronander, Ulla, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and incidence of asthma related to waist circumference and BMI in a Swedish community sample
- 2004
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Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0954-6111 .- 1532-3064. ; 98:11, s. 1108-1116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both asthma and obesity have become more common in affluent societies during the recent decades and several studies have shown a correlation between the presence of asthma and obesity. In order to further study this association we have investigated a population from a community in southern Sweden, where almost all inhabitants had their body indices measured as part of a study on diabetes at a primary care centre. An asthma unit working with a structured care programme for asthma was available. This organisation enabled us to study whether body mass index and waist circumference was associated with having or developing asthma. There was a significant association between both overweight, increased waist circumference and asthma, P
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