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| 2. |
- Alfredsson, Y, et al.
(författare)
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Phase and molecular orientation in metal-free phthalocyanine films on conducting glass: Characterization of two deposition methods
- 2005
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Ingår i: Thin Solid Films. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-6090. ; 493:1-2, s. 13-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- in this study, metal-free phthalocyanine has been deposited on a conducting glass surface by two methods: by spreading the molecular powder directly on the substrate in air and by vapor sublimation under ultra-high vacuum conditions (evaporation). The films have been characterized by means of core level X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy, X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and Ultra Violet and Visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis). Our results show that the two deposition methods produce molecular overlayers in different polymorphic phases; the UV-Vis measurements indicate that the film obtained by powder deposition is of x-phase type whereas sublimation leads to an a-polymorph structure. The XAS results show that in the powder deposited film the molecules are mainly oriented parallel to the surface. This is opposite to the case of the vapor deposited film, where the molecules mainly are oriented orthogonal to the surface.
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| 3. |
- Drake, TM, et al.
(författare)
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Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in children: an international, multicentre, prospective cohort study
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMJ global health. - : BMJ. - 2059-7908. ; 5:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). However, there is a lack of data available about SSI in children worldwide, especially from low-income and middle-income countries. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of SSI in children and associations between SSI and morbidity across human development settings.MethodsA multicentre, international, prospective, validated cohort study of children aged under 16 years undergoing clean-contaminated, contaminated or dirty gastrointestinal surgery. Any hospital in the world providing paediatric surgery was eligible to contribute data between January and July 2016. The primary outcome was the incidence of SSI by 30 days. Relationships between explanatory variables and SSI were examined using multilevel logistic regression. Countries were stratified into high development, middle development and low development groups using the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI).ResultsOf 1159 children across 181 hospitals in 51 countries, 523 (45·1%) children were from high HDI, 397 (34·2%) from middle HDI and 239 (20·6%) from low HDI countries. The 30-day SSI rate was 6.3% (33/523) in high HDI, 12·8% (51/397) in middle HDI and 24·7% (59/239) in low HDI countries. SSI was associated with higher incidence of 30-day mortality, intervention, organ-space infection and other HAIs, with the highest rates seen in low HDI countries. Median length of stay in patients who had an SSI was longer (7.0 days), compared with 3.0 days in patients who did not have an SSI. Use of laparoscopy was associated with significantly lower SSI rates, even after accounting for HDI.ConclusionThe odds of SSI in children is nearly four times greater in low HDI compared with high HDI countries. Policies to reduce SSI should be prioritised as part of the wider global agenda.
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| 4. |
- O'Shea, JN, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogen-bond induced surface core-level shift in isonicotinic acid
- 2001
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Intermolecular hydrogen-bonding in thick films of isonicotinic acid evaporated onto rutile TiO2(110) has been investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The rate of deposition is found to be a key fac
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| 5. |
- O'Shea, JN, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogen-bond induced surface core-level shift in pyridine carboxylic acids
- 2001
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Ingår i: SURFACE SCIENCE. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0039-6028. ; 486:3, s. 157-166 Language: English
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intermolecular hydrogen bonding in thick films of pyridine carboxylic acids (isonicotinic; picolinic and bi-isonicotinic acid) evaporated onto rutile TiO2(1 1 0) has been investigated with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy
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| 6. |
- O'Shea, JN, et al.
(författare)
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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of low surface concentration mass-selected Ag clusters
- 2000
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS. - : AMER INST PHYSICS. - 0021-9606. ; 113:20, s. 9233-9238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed an experimental setup for the study of small mass-selected clusters delivered by soft landing to a model oxide support. An automated deposition system to achieve accurately quantified homogeneous surfaces is described which also overcome
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| 7. |
- Schael, S, et al.
(författare)
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Precision electroweak measurements on the Z resonance
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physics Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 427:5-6, s. 257-454
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report on the final electroweak measurements performed with data taken at the Z resonance by the experiments operating at the electron-positron colliders SLC and LEP. The data consist of 17 million Z decays accumulated by the ALEPH, DELPHI, L3 and OPAL experiments at LEP, and 600 thousand Z decays by the SLID experiment using a polarised beam at SLC. The measurements include cross-sections, forward-backward asymmetries and polarised asymmetries. The mass and width of the Z boson, m(Z) and Gamma(Z), and its couplings to fermions, for example the p parameter and the effective electroweak mixing angle for leptons, are precisely measured: m(Z) = 91.1875 +/- 0.0021 GeV, Gamma(Z) = 2.4952 +/- 0.0023 GeV, rho(l) = 1.0050 +/- 0.0010, sin(2)theta(eff)(lept) = 0.23153 +/- 0.00016. The number of light neutrino species is determined to be 2.9840 +/- 0.0082, in agreement with the three observed generations of fundamental fermions. The results are compared to the predictions of the Standard Model (SM). At the Z-pole, electroweak radiative corrections beyond the running of the QED and QCD coupling constants are observed with a significance of five standard deviations, and in agreement with the Standard Model. Of the many Z-pole measurements, the forward-backward asymmetry in b-quark production shows the largest difference with respect to its SM expectation, at the level of 2.8 standard deviations. Through radiative corrections evaluated in the framework of the Standard Model, the Z-pole data are also used to predict the mass of the top quark, m(t) = 173(+10)(+13) GeV, and the mass of the W boson, m(W) = 80.363 +/- 0.032 GeV. These indirect constraints are compared to the direct measurements, providing a stringent test of the SM. Using in addition the direct measurements of m(t) and m(W), the mass of the as yet unobserved SM Higgs boson is predicted with a relative uncertainty of about 50% and found to be less than 285 GeV at 95% confidence level. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Schiessling, J, et al.
(författare)
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Bulk and surface charge states of K3C60
- 2005
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Ingår i: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics). - 1098-0121. ; 71:16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We detect a significant angle-dependence in the core level and valence line shapes of photoelectron spectra of single crystal K3C60. This allows the identification of bulk and surface components in the data, and allows us to explain the anomalous line shapes observed for this system. The states near the Fermi level are associated with the bulk of the sample. There is strong evidence of an insulating surface layer, which we ascribe to intermolecular electron correlations. These results simplify the interpretation of previous, apparently conflicting observations.
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| 9. |
- Schiessling, J, et al.
(författare)
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Insulating surface layer on single crystal K3C60
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal B. Condensed Matter and Complex Systems. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6028. ; 41:4, s. 435-438
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using angle-dependent photoemission spectra of core and valence levels we show that metallic, single crystal K3C60 is terminated by an insulating or weakly-conducting surface layer. We attribute this to the effects of strong intermolecular correlations combined with the average surface charge state. Several controversies on the electronic structure are thereby resolved.
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| 10. |
- Schnadt, J, et al.
(författare)
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Alignment of valence photoemission, x-ray absorption, and substrate density of states for an adsorbate on a semiconductor surface
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physical Review B (Condensed Matter and Materials Physics). - 1098-0121. ; 67:23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A method for determining the placement of x-ray absorption data into an experimental density of states for an adsorbate-semiconductor system is motivated and illustrated with the cases of bi-isonicotinic acid, isonicotinic acid, and benzoic acid on rutile TiO2(110). Special attention is paid to experimental aspects, as well as the role of Z+1 effects and the choice of reference level.
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