| 1. |
- Ling, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of Functional Prolactin (PRL) Receptor Gene Expression: PRL Inhibits Lipoprotein Lipase Activity in Human White Adipose Tissue
- 2003
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Ingår i: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0013-7227 .- 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 88:4, s. 1804-1808
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During lactation serum levels of prolactin (PRL) are elevated, and the activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is decreased in the adipose tissue and increased in the mammary gland. However, PRL has been suggested to affect the adipose tissue in an indirect fashion during lactation. In the present study, we demonstrated expression of four PRL receptor (PRLR)mRNA isoforms (L, I, S1a, and S1b) in human sc abdominal adipose tissue and breast adipose tissue using RT-PCR/Southern blot analysis. In addition, L-PRLR [relative molecular mass (Mr) 90,000] and I-PRLR (Mr 50,000) protein expression was detected in human sc abdominal adipose tissue and breast adipose tissue using immunoblot analysis. Two additional protein bands with the molecular weight Mr 40–35,000 were also detected. The direct effect of PRL on the regulation of LPL activity in human abdominal adipose tissue cultured in vitro was investigated. PRL (500 ng/ml) reduced the LPL activity in human adipose tissue to 31 +/- 7.7%, compared with control.GH (100 ng/ml) also reduced the LPL activity, to 45 +/- 8.6%, compared with control. In agreement with previous studies, cortisol increased the LPL activity and GH inhibited cortisolinduced LPL activity. Furthermore, we found that PRL also inhibited the cortisol-induced LPL activity. Taken together, these results demonstrate a direct effect of PRL, via functional PRLRs, in reducing the LPL activity in human adipose tissue, and these results suggest that LPL might also be regulated in this fashion during lactation.
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| 2. |
- Svensson, Henrik, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Body fat mass and the proportion of very large adipocytes in pregnant women are associated with gestational insulin resistance.
- 2016
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Ingår i: International journal of obesity (2005). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5497 .- 0307-0565. ; 40, s. 646-653
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pregnancy is accompanied by fat gain and insulin resistance. Changes in adipose tissue morphology and function during pregnancy and factors contributing to gestational insulin resistance are incompletely known. We sought to characterize adipose tissue in trimesters 1 and 3 (T1/T3) in normal weight (NW) and obese pregnant women, and identify adipose tissue-related factors associated with gestational insulin resistance.
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| 3. |
- Björnheden, Tom, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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Computerized determination of adipocyte size.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Obesity research. - 1071-7323. ; 12:1, s. 95-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Fat cell size is a fundamental parameter in the study of adipose tissue metabolism, because it markedly influences the cellular rates of metabolism. Previous techniques for the sizing of adipocytes are often complicated or time-consuming. The aim of this study was to develop a new, computerized method for rapid and accurate determination of adipocyte size in a cell suspension obtained by incubating human or rat adipose tissue biopsies with collagenase. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: The cell suspension was placed between a siliconized glass slide and a cover slip. Using the reference method [designated as (R)], the cell diameters were determined manually using a microscope with a calibrated ocular. The new method presented here [designated as (C)] was based on computerized image analysis. RESULTS: After two well-defined corrective adjustments, measurements with (R) and (C) agreed very well. The small remaining differences seemed, in fact, to depend on inconsistencies in (R). DISCUSSION: We propose that (C) constitutes a valuable tool to study fat cell size, because this method is fast and allows the assessment of a sufficient number of cells to get reliable data on size distribution. Furthermore, images of cell preparations may be stored for future reference.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ljung, Thomas, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Central and peripheral glucocorticoid receptor function in abdominal obesity.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of endocrinological investigation. - 0391-4097 .- 1720-8386. ; 25:3, s. 229-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abdominal obesity seems to be associated with a moderately deranged feedback regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis where central glucocorticoid receptors (GR) are involved. Therefore, functions of central and peripheral GR were compared in this study. Furthermore, since trinucleotide repeats in early exons of steroid hormone receptor genes influence transcription, and therefore may influence receptor density, this was also studied. Ten middle-aged men, 5 with abdominal obesity and 5 controls, were studied. The suppression of dexamethasone (dex) on serum cortisol was used in dose-response tests to assess the function of central GR. Abdominal adipose tissue biopsies were incubated and exposed to cortisol in different concentrations, and the function of the peripheral GR assayed as induction of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity. Aberrant expansion of exonic trinucleotide repeats in the first coding exon of the GR gene was studied by sequencing of genomic DNA. Results showed that men with abdominal obesity showed less inhibition of serum cortisol by dex, particularly at lower concentrations, while in the controls cortisol secretion was inhibited in an apparent dose-response manner. LPL activity in adipose tissue was lower in abdominal obese men than in controls. However, the sensitivity to cortisol was not different between the groups. There was no evidence for expansion of trinucleotide repeats. These results suggest that the central GR and the peripheral GR in adipose tissue exhibit functional differences in abdominal obesity.
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| 6. |
- Mäkinen, Ilkka Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Historical Perspectives on Suicide and Suicide Prevention in Sweden
- 2002
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Ingår i: Archives of Suicide Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1381-1118 .- 1543-6136. ; 6:3, s. 269-284
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The suicide panorama is not static but continually changing with the development of society. In this article changes in suicide rates and attitudes towards suicide in Sweden from pre-modern to modern time are described, with suicidal murders as an interesting transitional form. The rates of homicide have decreased, while those of suicide have increased. Changes in attitudes towards suicide have reached different groups in society at different times, leading to very heterogeneous suicide patterns. With increasing social homogeneity there now seems to exist a tendency back towards larger homogeneity of suicide as well. In order to develop suicide prevention into a vital branch of public-health services humanistic, linguistic and social research in suicidology must be encouraged.
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| 7. |
- Odén, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Den frivilliga döden : Samhällets hantering av självmord i historiskt perspektiv
- 1998
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Få fenomen har varit föremål för så skiftande bedömningar genom historien som självmordet, den frivilliga döden. Sättet att hantera självmordsproblematiken speglar normer, värderingar och attityder, kort sagt den världsbild som präglar ett samhälle. I denna bok belyses självmordsproblematiken i ett historiskt perspektiv med fokus på det tidigmoderna svenska samhället. Hur var den mentala miljö utformad som vid denna tid lade restriktioner på individens ”frihet” att välja döden? Vilka var orsakerna till att vissa människor valde att ta sitt liv? Hur agerade man från samhällets sida? Detta är några av de frågor som behandlas i detta arbete.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Odén, Birgitta
(författare)
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Lydia Wahlströms forskarutbildning
- 2000
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Ingår i: Lydia Wahlström. - Uppsala : Historiska institutionen, Uppsala universitet. - 9150614169 ; , s. 57-66
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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