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| 2. |
- Tierney, W., et al.
(författare)
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A creative destruction approach to replication : Implicit work and sex morality across cultures
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1031 .- 1096-0465. ; 93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How can we maximize what is learned from a replication study? In the creative destruction approach to replication, the original hypothesis is compared not only to the null hypothesis, but also to predictions derived from multiple alternative theoretical accounts of the phenomenon. To this end, new populations and measures are included in the design in addition to the original ones, to help determine which theory best accounts for the results across multiple key outcomes and contexts. The present pre-registered empirical project compared the Implicit Puritanism account of intuitive work and sex morality to theories positing regional, religious, and social class differences; explicit rather than implicit cultural differences in values; self-expression vs. survival values as a key cultural fault line; the general moralization of work; and false positive effects. Contradicting Implicit Puritanism's core theoretical claim of a distinct American work morality, a number of targeted findings replicated across multiple comparison cultures, whereas several failed to replicate in all samples and were identified as likely false positives. No support emerged for theories predicting regional variability and specific individual-differences moderators (religious affiliation, religiosity, and education level). Overall, the results provide evidence that work is intuitively moralized across cultures.
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| 3. |
- Litnovsky, A., et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic mirrors for ITER : A material choice and the impact of erosion and deposition on their performance
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3115 .- 1873-4820. ; 363, s. 1395-1402
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metal mirrors will be implemented in about half of the ITER diagnostics. Mirrors in ITER will have to withstand radiation loads, erosion by charge-exchange neutrals, deposition of impurities, particle implantation and neutron irradiation. It is believed that the optical properties of diagnostic mirrors will be primarily influenced by erosion and deposition. A solution is needed for optimal performance of mirrors in ITER throughout the entire lifetime of the machine. A multi-machine research on diagnostic mirrors is currently underway in fusion facilities at several institutions and laboratories worldwide. Among others, dedicated investigations of ITER-candidate mirror materials are ongoing in Tore-Supra, TEXTOR, DIII-D, TCV, T-10 and JET. Laboratory studies are underway at IPP Kharkov (Ukraine), Kurchatov Institute (Russia) and the University of Basel (Switzerland). An overview of current research on diagnostic mirrors along with an outlook on future investigations is the subject of this paper.
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| 4. |
- von Hellermann, M, et al.
(författare)
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Pilot experiments for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor active beam spectroscopy diagnostic
- 2004
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Ingår i: Review of Scientific Instruments. - : AIP Publishing. - 0034-6748 .- 1089-7623. ; 75:10, s. 3458-3461
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Supporting pilot experiments and activities which are currently considered or already performed for the development of the International Thermonuclear Experiment Reactor active beam spectroscopy diagnostic are addressed in this article. Four key issues are presented including optimization of spectral instrumentation, feasibility of a motional Stark effect (MSE) evaluation based on line ratios, "first-mirror" test-bed experiments at the tokamak TEXTOR, and finally the role of integrated data analysis for the conceptual layout of the change exchange recombination spectroscopy and MSE diagnostic.
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| 5. |
- Joerger, R, et al.
(författare)
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Optical properties of inhomogeneous media
- 1998
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Ingår i: SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0927-0248. ; 54:1-4, s. 351-361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inhomogeneous media such as ceramic-metal composites are used in a wide range of applications as functional optical coatings e.g, in selective solar absorber coatings. Their optical properties can be calculated by the use of effective medium theories. The
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| 6. |
- Litnovsky, A., et al.
(författare)
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Direct comparative test of single crystal and polycrystalline diagnostic mirrors exposed in TEXTOR in erosion conditions
- 2005
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Ingår i: 32nd EPS Conference on Plasma Physics 2005, EPS 2005, Held with the 8th International Workshop on Fast Ignition of Fusion Targets. - 9781622763320 ; , s. 1726-1729
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- First direct comparative test of single crystal and polycrystalline diagnostic mirror materials under erosion conditions has been made in TEXTOR. Before exposure in TEXTOR, glow discharge cleaning has efficiently restored the reflectivity of initially oxidized mirrors. After the exposure, no significant changes in total reflectivity were observed. Drastic increase of diffuse reflectivity was measured for polycrystalline molybdenum mirror, but not for the single crystal. Thus, specular reflectivity of single crystal is significantly higher than of polycrystalline one. The most affected wavelength range is 250-1000 nm, no significant changes of reflectivity was noticed in the range 1000-2000 nm. No or negligible effect of erosion on polarization characteristics of mirrors was measured.
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| 7. |
- Wienhold, P., et al.
(författare)
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Exposure of metal mirrors in the scrape-off layer of TEXTOR
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3115 .- 1873-4820. ; 337-39:03-jan, s. 1116-1120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large molybdenum mirrors have been exposed in the SOL of TEXTOR in order to simulate conditions relevant for ITER optical components. Distortions of the reflectivity - increase as well as decrease - are found in the erosion and deposition dominated areas, respectively. The changes are most pronounced in the near UV and level off in the IR and can partly be attributed to observed surface changes. A novel periscope system was installed and mirrors exposed in a pilot experiment to simulate the transmission of light to distant sensors in ITER.
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