| 1. |
- Berg, Elisabeth Gräslund, et al.
(författare)
-
Praktiker som gör skillnad : Om den verb-inriktade metoden
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Historisk Tidskrift. - 0345-469X .- 2002-4827. ; 133:3, s. 335-354
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses the so-called verb-oriented method and its role in the research project Gender and Work in early modern Sweden (GaW), which is based at Uppsala University. It provides a presentation of the GaW-database, which has been designed to allow analysis according to the verb-method. Finally, the article points out that this method can be combined with a number of different theoretical approaches as long as the focus is on practices. It is therefore compatible with the approaches of e.g., Judith Butler, Michel de Certeau, and Amartya Sen. Work is defined as "time-use with the purpose of making a living" and the article discusses why data on time-use, or actual work activities, are better suited for research into early modern Swedish working life than other types of data. It shows that activities are usually described in the sources by verb-phrases, and explains how and from what sources verb-phrases are collected and analyzed within the project. In order to allow for generalizations the verb-method presupposes large amounts of data. This is the rationale for the GaW-database, which at present includes around 5000 verb-phrases and 75000 data posts.
|
|
| 2. |
- Ling, Sofia, 1966-
(författare)
-
Kärringmedicin och vetenskap : Läkare och kvacksalverianklagade i Sverige omkring 1770–1870
- 2004
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this study has been to analyse the relationship between licensed and unlicensed medical practitioners by looking at the term quackery and how it was used. In this way the encounters between licensed physicians and unlicensed healers, and the concomitant issues of demarcation, have been brought into focus.From this starting point, I have analysed how physicians constructed their arguments when accusing someone of being a quack and how the accused responded to both charge and categorisation and how this changed over time. The way I have chosen to tackle the subject has laid bare the antagonism between different medical practitioners. Yet at the same time, it has also cast light on what underpinned the common views shared by the various parties in the medical market.The relationship between licensed physicians and unlicensed healers during the period in question, 1770 to 1870, was marked by the fact that the former were few in number and that medical science’s ability to cure disease was shaky at best, while all the while the medical profession enjoyed the backing of the state. However, these conflicting circumstances meant that in practice there was leeway for interpretation that both licensed and unlicensed medical practitioners could exploit. Under normal circumstances physicians surprisingly often accepted quacks and those accused of quackery acknowledged the expertise of the physicians. Yet, on the rhetorical, abstract level the dichotomy between science and old wives’ remedies was harped upon by the physicians.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Öhlund, Louise, et al.
(författare)
-
Clinical course and need for hospital admission after lithium discontinuation in patients with bipolar disorder type I or II : mirror-image study based on the LiSIE retrospective cohort
- 2019
-
Ingår i: BJPsych Open. - : Cambridge University Press. - 2056-4724. ; 5:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Currently, the evidence for lithium as a maintenance treatment for bipolar disorder type II (BD-II) remains limited. Guidelines commonly extrapolate recommendations for BD-II from available evidence for bipolar disorder type I (BD-I). Comparing the impact of lithium discontinuation is one way of assessing effectiveness in both groups.Aims: To compare the impact of lithium discontinuation on hospital admissions and self-harm in patients with BD-I or schizoaffective disorder (SZD) and patients with BD-II or other bipolar disorder.Method: Mirror-image study, examining hospital admissions within 2 years before and after lithium discontinuation in both patient groups. This study was part of a retrospective cohort study (LiSIE) into effects and side-effects of lithium for maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder as compared with other mood stabilisers.Results: For the whole sample, the mean number of admissions/patient/review period doubled from 0.44 to 0.95 (P<0.001) after lithium discontinuation. The mean number of bed days/patient/review period doubled from 11 to 22 (P = 0.025). This increase in admissions and bed days was exclusively attributable to patients with BD-I/SZD. Not having consulted with a doctor prior to lithium discontinuation or no treatment with an alternative mood stabiliser at the time of lithium discontinuation led to more admissions.Conclusions: The higher relapse risk in patients with BD-I/SZD suggests a higher threshold for discontinuing lithium than for patients with BD-II/other bipolar disorder. In patients with BD-II/other bipolar disorder, however, judged on the impact of discontinuation alone, lithium did not appear to prevent more severe depressive episodes requiring hospital admission.
|
|
| 5. |
- Öhlund, Louise, et al.
(författare)
-
Reasons for lithium discontinuation in men and women with bipolar disorder : a retrospective cohort study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-244X. ; 18
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Lithium remains first choice as maintenance treatment for bipolar affective disorder. Yet, about half of all individuals may stop their treatment at some point, despite lithium’s proven benefits concerning the prevention of severe affective episodes and suicide.Methods: Retrospective cohort study in the Swedish region of Norrbotten into the causes of lithium discontinuation. The study was set up to (1) test whether patients with bipolar affective disorder or schizoaffective disorder, treated with lithium maintenance therapy, were more likely to discontinue lithium because of adverse effects than lack of therapeutic effectiveness, (2) explore gender differences, (3) understand the role of diagnosis and (4) identify who, patient or doctor, took the initiative to stop lithium. Review of medical records for all episodes of lithium discontinuation that had occurred between 1997 and 2013 with the intent to stop lithium for good.Results: Of 873 patients treated with lithium, 54% discontinued lithium, corresponding to 561 episodes of lithium discontinuation. In 62% of episodes, lithium was discontinued due to adverse effects, in 44% due to psychiatric reasons, and in 12% due to physical reasons interfering with lithium treatment. The five single most common adverse effects leading to lithium discontinuation were diarrhoea (13%), tremor (11%), polyuria/polydipsia/diabetes insipidus (9%), creatinine increase (9%) and weight gain (7%). Women were as likely as men to take the initiative to stop lithium, but twice as likely to consult a doctor before taking action (p < 0.01). Patients with type 1 BPAD or SZD were more likely to discontinue lithium than patients with type 2 or unspecified BPAD (p < 0.01). Patients with type 1 BPAD or SZD were more likely to refuse medication (p < 0.01). Conversely, patients with type 2 or unspecified BPAD were three times as likely to discontinue lithium for lack or perceived lack of effectiveness (p < 0.001).Conclusions: Stopping lithium treatment is common and occurs mostly due to adverse effects. It is important to discuss potential adverse effects with patients before initiation and continuously during lithium treatment, to reduce the frequency of potentially unnecessary discontinuations.
|
|
