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| 2. |
- Myneni, S., et al.
(författare)
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Spectroscopic probing of local hydrogen-bonding structures in liquid water
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-8984 .- 1361-648X. ; 14:8, s. L213-L219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have studied the electronic structure of liquid water using x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the oxygen K edge. Since the x-ray absorption process takes less than a femtosecond, it allows probing of the molecular orbital structure of frozen, local geometries of water molecules at a timescale that has not previously been accessible. Our results indicate that the electronic structure of liquid water is significantly different from that of the solid and gaseous forms, resulting in a pronounced pre-edge feature below the main absorption edge in the spectrum. Theoretical calculations of these spectra suggest that this feature originates from specific configurations of water, for which the H-bond is broken on the H-donating site of the water molecule. This study provides a fingerprint for identifying broken donating H-bonds in the liquid and shows that an unsaturated H-bonding environment exists for a dominating fraction of the water molecules.
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| 4. |
- Flemström, A., et al.
(författare)
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Effects from hydrogen bonds on water structure in (H3O)2[Mo6Cl8X6]·yH2O X=Cl (y=7), Br (y=6), or I (y=6)
- 2002
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Ingår i: Solid State Sciences. - 1293-2558 .- 1873-3085. ; 4:8, s. 1017-1022
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The compounds (a) (H3O)2[Mo6Cl8Cl6]·7H2O, (b) (H3O)2[Mo6Cl8Br6]·6H2O and (c) (H3O)2[Mo6Cl8I6]·6H2O were synthesized from MoCl2 and the corresponding halide acid. The structures were determined by X-ray diffraction and refined in the monoclinic space groups, (a) C2/c and for (b) and (c) P21/a. The cell parameters were for (a), a=17.3607(2), b=9.1351(7), c=18.6300(2) Å and β=98.13(1)°, (b) a=17.4295(2), b=9.3803(10), c=9.3769(12) Å and β=101.04(1)° and (c) a=18.0083(10), b=9.7612(10), c=9.8139(12) Å and β=100.20(2)°. The positions of the hydrogen atoms were determined by theoretical energy optimization. The structures are compared with respect to the effect of hydrogen bonding on the water structure.
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| 6. |
- Pettersson, L. G. M., et al.
(författare)
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Electronic structure effects from hydrogen bonding in the liquid phase and in chemisorption : an integrated theory and experimental effort
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Synchrotron Radiation. - 0909-0495 .- 1600-5775. ; 8, s. 136-140
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A closely integrated theoretical and experimental effort to understand chemical bonding using X-ray spectroscopic probes is presented. Theoretical techniques to simulate XAS (X-ray absorption spectroscopy), XES (X-ray emission spectroscopy), RIXS (resonant inelastic X-ray scattering) and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) spectra have been developed and implemented within a density functional theory (DFT) framework. In combination with new experimental techniques, such as high-resolution XAS on liquid water under ambient conditions and XES on complicated surface adsorbates, new insight into e.g. hydrogen-bonded systems is obtained. For the (3 x 2) overlayer structure of glycine/Cu(110), earlier work has been extended to include adsorbate-adsorbate interactions. Structures are optimized for large cluster models and for periodic boundary conditions. It is found that specific features in the spectra arise from hydrogen-bonding interactions, which thus have important effects at the molecular-orbital level. XAS on liquid water shows a pronounced pre-edge feature with significant intensity, while the spectrum of ice shows only little intensity in this region. Theoretical spectrum calculations, based on instantaneous structures obtained from molecular-dynamics (MD) simulations, show that the pre-edge feature in the liquid is caused by water molecules with unsaturated hydrogen bonding. Some aspects of the theoretical simulations will be briefly discussed.
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| 9. |
- Knight, C, et al.
(författare)
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Hydrogen bond topology and the ice VII/VIII and Ih/XI proton ordering phase transitions
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physical Review E. Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics. - 1063-651X .- 1095-3787. ; 73, s. 056113-056113
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ice Ih, ordinary ice at atmospheric pressure, is a proton-disordered crystal that when cooled under special conditions is believed to transform to ferroelectric proton-ordered ice XI, but this transformation is still subject to controversy. Ice VII, also proton disordered throughout its region of stability, transforms to proton-ordered ice VIII upon cooling. In contrast to the ice Ih/XI transition, the VII/VIII transition and the crystal structure of ice VIII are well characterized. In order to shed some light on the ice Ih proton ordering transition, we present the results of periodic electronic density functional theory calculations and statistical simulations. We are able to describe the small energy differences among the innumerable H-bond configurations possible in a large simulation cell by using an analytic theory to extrapolate from electronic DFT calculations on small unit cells to cells large enough to approximate the thermodynamic limit. We first validate our methods by comparing our predictions to the well-characterized ice VII/VIII proton ordering transition, finding agreement with respect to both the transition temperature and structure of the low-temperature phase. For ice Ih, our results indicate that a proton-ordered phase is attainable at low temperatures, the structure of which is in agreement with the experimentally proposed ferroelectric Cmc21 structure. The predicted transition temperature of 98 K is in qualitative agreement with the observed transition at 72 K on KOH-doped ice samples.
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