| 1. |
- Backman, L., et al.
(författare)
-
Steroid-free immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients and prograf monotherapy: an interim analysis of a prospective multicenter trial
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Transplantation proceedings. - : Elsevier BV. - 0041-1345. ; 38:8, s. 2654-6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This report described an interim analysis of a investigator-driven multicenter trial in renal transplant recipients: the Prospective Quality of life Renal Transplantation Switch Study; Tacrolimus-based immunosuppression ("PQRST study"). Patients included in the trial initially treated with cyclosporine-based immunosuppression after renal transplantation who experienced side effects, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hypertrichosis, or other adverse reactions, were converted to a tacrolimus-based immunosuppressive regimen (n = 31). Steroids were subsequently discontinued between 3 and 6 months after the conversion. As of today 19/31 (50%) patients have been successfully weaned off steroids with the remaining patients in this process. In this interim analysis, with a follow-up ranging from 1 to 18 months both patient and graft survivals were 100%. No patient experienced an acute rejection episode; none of the grafts were lost. Blood pressure decreased in 22/31 (71%) of the patients. No patient developed de novo diabetes or other serious side effect related to the conversion. Three patients were withdrawn from the trial because of side effects: bleeding, depression, and proteinuria. However, none of these adverse events were felt to be directly related to the change of the immunosuppressive regimen to tacrolimus monotherapy. In conclusion, conversion from cyclosporine to tacrolimus-based therapy was safe and well tolerated; it may improve the cardiovascular risk profile after kidney transplantation.
|
|
| 2. |
- Narahashi, T, et al.
(författare)
-
Mechanisms of alcohol-nicotine interactions: alcoholics versus smokers.
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research. - 0145-6008. ; 25:5 Suppl ISBRA
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article represents the proceedings of a symposium at the 2000 ISBRA Meeting in Yokohama, Japan. The chairs were Toshio Narahashi and Bo Söderpalm. The presentations were (1) Nicotinic mechanisms and ethanol reinforcement: Behavioral and neurochemical studies, by Bo Söderpalm, M. Ericson, P. Olausson, and J. A. Engel; (2) Chronic nicotine and ethanol: Differential regulation in gene expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits, by X. Zhang and A. Nordberg; (3) Nicotine-ethanol interactions at neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, by Toshio Narahashi, William Marszalec, and Gary L. Aistrup; (4) Relapse prevention in alcoholics by cigarette smoking? Treatment outcome in an observational study with acamprosate, by L.G. Schmidt, U. Kalouti, M. Smolka, and M. Soyka; and (5) Effect of nicotine on voluntary ethanol intake and development of alcohol dependence in male rats, by L. Hedlund and G. Wahlström.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Case, L. K., et al.
(författare)
-
Innocuous pressure sensation requires A-type afferents but not functional ΡΙΕΖΟ2 channels in humans
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sensation of pressure allows us to feel sustained compression and body strain. While our understanding of cutaneous touch has grown significantly in recent years, how deep tissue sensations are detected remains less clear. Here, we use quantitative sensory evaluations of patients with rare sensory disorders, as well as nerve blocks in typical individuals, to probe the neural and genetic mechanisms for detecting non-painful pressure. We show that the ability to perceive innocuous pressures is lost when myelinated fiber function is experimentally blocked in healthy volunteers and that two patients lacking A beta fibers are strikingly unable to feel innocuous pressures at all. We find that seven individuals with inherited mutations in the mechanoreceptor PIEZO2 gene, who have major deficits in touch and proprioception, are nearly as good at sensing pressure as healthy control subjects. Together, these data support a role for A beta afferents in pressure sensation and suggest the existence of an unknown molecular pathway for its detection. The mechanisms underlying deep pressure sensing are not fully understood. Here the authors demonstrate that while two individuals lacking A beta fibers demonstrate impaired deep pressure sensing, seven individuals with PIEZO2 loss of function mutations display normal deep pressure responses.
|
|
| 6. |
- Claesson, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Incidence and characteristics of drowning in Sweden during a 15-year period
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 162, s. 11-19
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Drowning is a global health problem and deeper knowledge about the extent and causes is of utmost importance for implementing preventative actions. The aim of this study was to describe the incidence and characteristics of drowning in Sweden over time, including both non-fatal and fatal cases. Methods: All cases identified as drowning (ICD-10 coding) at a national level in Sweden between 2003-2017 were collected. Three sources of data from the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare were extracted via the Cause of Death Register and the National Patient Register. Results: Over 15 years, a total of 6609 cases occurred, resulting in an annual incidence of 4.66 per 100 000. The median age was 49 years (IQR 23-67) and 67% were males. Non-fatal drownings represented 51% (n = 3363), with an overall non-fatal to fatal ratio of 1:1, this being 8:1 for children (0-17 years of age). Non-fatal cases were more often female (36% vs. 30%; p < 0.001), younger 30 (IQR 10-56) vs. 60 (IQR: 45-72) (p < 0.001) and of unintentional nature (81% vs. 55%; p < 0.001). The overall incidence decreased over time from 5.6 to 4.1 per 100 000 (p < 0.001). The highest rate of 30-day survival was found in females 0-17 years (94%, 95% CI 91.1-95.5) and the lowest in males >66 years (28.7%, 95% CI 26.2-31.2). Although the incidence in children 0-4 years increased from 7.4 to 8.1 per 100 000 (p < 0.001), they demonstrated the highest non-fatal to fatal ratio (13:1). Conclusion: Drowning is declining but remains a consistent and underestimated public-health problem. Non-fatal drowning cases represent about half of the burden and characteristics differ from fatal drowning cases, being younger, more often female and of unintentional nature. Keywords: Drowning, Non-fatal, OHCA
|
|
| 7. |
- Olausson, L., et al.
(författare)
-
Gate-controlled near-surface Josephson junctions
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - 0003-6951. ; 124:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Gate-tunable Josephson junctions are interesting for quantum technology applications, such as gatemon qubits and topological Majorana-based qubits. Furthermore, high-frequency compatible geometries can be utilized for implementing electrically pumped parametric amplifiers. In this paper, we combine processing, measurements, and modeling of near-surface InGaAs Josephson field-effect transistors in order to facilitate circuit simulations of actual non-ideal devices. We developed a compact model using Verilog-A and confirmed the validity of our model by accurately reproducing our measured data by circuit simulations in Advanced Design System. From the circuit simulations, an effective gate-dependent transmission coefficient, with a peak value of ∼ 3.5%, was extracted, mainly limited by contact transparency.
|
|
| 8. |
- Skogsberg, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
-
Adult ABO-incompatible liver transplantation, using A and B donors
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Xenotransplantation. - 0908-665X. ; 13:2, s. 154-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The longer waiting time for a liver graft in patients with blood group O makes it necessary to expand the donor pool for these patients. This applies in both urgent situations and for elective patients. We report on our experience with ABO-incompatible liver transplantation using A2 and B non-secretor donors here. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1996 and 2005, 12 adult blood group O recipients (seven male/five female) received ABO-incompatible cadaveric liver grafts (10 A2 donors, two B non-secretor donors). The indications were either rapid deterioration of liver function or hepatocellular cancer, in blood group O recipients, where an ABO-identical/compatible graft was not available. Mean recipient age was 54+/-8 (mean+/-SD) yr. All pre-operative CDC crossmatches were negative. The initial immunosuppression was induction therapy with antithymocyte globulin (n = 3), interleukin 2 receptor antagonists (n = 3) or anti-CD20 antibody (rituximab) (n = 1), followed by a tacrolimus-based protocol. Three patients underwent plasmapheresis post-transplantation. Baseline biopsies were taken before or immediately after reperfusion of the graft and after grafting when clinically indicated. No pre-operative plasmapheresis, immunoadsorption or splenectomies were performed. RESULTS: Patient and graft survival was 10/12 (83%) and 8/12 (67%), respectively, with a 6.5-month median follow-up (range 10 days to 109 months). Two patients (B non-secretor grafts) died of multiorgan failure probably because of a poor condition before transplantation. Three patients were retransplanted. Causes of graft loss were bacterial arteritis (n = 1), death with a functioning graft (n = 1) and portal vein thrombosis (n = 2). In one of the patients with portal vein thrombosis, an anti-A titer increase occurred concomitantly, and ABO incompatibility as the cause of the thrombosis cannot be excluded. Seven acute rejections occurred in five patients and all were reversed by steroids or increased tacrolimus dosage. The pre-transplant anti-A titers tested against A1 red blood cells were 1 to 128 (NaCl technique) and 4 to 1024 (indirect antiglobulin technique, IAT); the maximum postoperative titers were 16 to 2048 (NaCl) and 256 to 32,000 (IAT). CONCLUSION: The favorable outcome of A2 to O grafting, with a patient survival of 10/10 and a graft survival of 8/10, makes it possible to also consider this blood group combination in non-urgent situations. The use of non-secretor donor grafts is interesting but has to be further documented. There was no hyperacute rejection or increased rate of rejection. Anti-A/B titer changes seem not to play a significant role in the monitoring of ABO-incompatible liver transplantation.
|
|
| 9. |
- Skogsberg, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
-
Successful ABO-incompatible liver transplantation using A2 donors
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Transplantation proceedings. - 0041-1345. ; 38:8, s. 2667-70
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: The longer waiting time for a liver graft among patients with blood group O makes it necessary to expand the donor pool for these patients. We herein have reported our experience with ABO-incompatible liver transplantation using A(2) donors to blood group O recipients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1996 to 2005, 10 adult blood group O recipients received 10 A(2) cadaveric grafts. Mean recipient age was 52 +/- 7.7 years (mean +/- SD). The initial immunosuppression was induction with antithymocyte globulin (n = 2), interleukin-2-receptor antagonists (n = 3), or anti-CD20 antibody (rituximab, n = 1), followed by a tacrolimus-based protocol. No preoperative plasmapheresis, immunoadsorption, or splenectomies were performed. RESULTS: Patient and graft survival was 10/10 and 8/10, respectively, at 8.5 months median follow-up (range 10 days to 109 months). Two patients were retransplanted because of bacterial arteritis (n = 1) and portal vein thrombosis (n = 1). The six acute rejections, which occurred in four patients, were all reversed by steroids or increased tacrolimus dosages. The pretransplant anti-A titers against A(1) red blood cells were 1:128 (NaCl technique) and 1:8 to 1024 (IAT technique). The maximum postoperative titers were 1:64 to 4000 (NaCl) and 1:256 to 32000 (IAT). CONCLUSION: The favorable outcome of A(2) to O grafting, with a patient survival of 10/10 and graft survival of 8/10, makes it possible to consider this blood group combination also in nonurgent situations. There was no hyperacute rejection or increased rate of rejections. Anti-A/B titer changes seem to not play a significant role in the monitoring of A(2) to O liver transplantation.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
