| 1. |
- de Avila, Marla Andreia Garcia, et al.
(författare)
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Anxiety among children a year after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic: a Brazilian cross-sectional online survey
- 2024
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Ingår i: FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH. - 2296-2565. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim This study seeks to build upon a prior investigation into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety among Brazilian children, along with its associated factors, one year after the commencement of the pandemic.Design A cross-sectional study.Methods A survey was conducted from April-May 2021 in Brazil. Children aged 6-12 and their guardians from five Brazilian regions were included. The Children's Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ; scores 4-12) and Numerical Rating Scale (NRS; scores 0-10) were used to measure anxiety.Results Of the 906 children, 53.3% were girls (average age = 8.79 +/- 2.05 years). Mothers responded for 87.1% of the children, and 70.9% were from the Southeast region. Based on a CAQ score of >= 9 and an NRS score of >= 8, the anxiety prevalence was 24.9 and 34.9%, respectively. Using logistic regression, a CAQ >= 9 score was associated with older children and children with chronic disease or disability. An NRS score of >= 8 was associated with reduced family income during the pandemic, the person caring for the children, and with children with chronic disease or disability.Conclusion These findings suggest the need to implement public health actions aimed at children with chronic diseases and disabilities and their parents to guide them regarding the warning signs and negative emotions. This study contributes to characterizing the evolution of the pandemic in Brazil and provides a basis for comparison with the literature from other countries.
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| 2. |
- Ebrahimi, Zahra, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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A systematic review on implementation of person-centered care interventions for older people in out-of-hospital settings
- 2021
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Ingår i: Geriatric Nursing. - : Elsevier BV. - 1528-3984 .- 0197-4572. ; 42:1, s. 213-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose: of this study was to explore the content and essential components of implemented person-centered care in the out-of-hospital context for older people (65+). Method: A systematic review was conducted, searching for published research in electronic databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycInfo, Web of Science and Embase between 2017 and 2019. Original studies with both qualitative and quantitative methods were included and assessed according to the quality assessment tools EPHPP and CASP. The review was limited to studies published in English, Swedish, Danish, Norwegian and Spanish. Results: In total, 63 original articles were included from 1772 hits. The results of the final synthesis revealed the following four interrelated themes, which are crucial for implementing person-centered care: (1) Knowing and confirming the patient as a whole person; (2) Co-creating a tailored personal health plan; (3) Inter-professional teamwork and collaboration with and for the older person and his/her relatives; and (4) Building a person-centered foundation. Conclusion: Approaching an interpersonal and inter-professional teamwork and consultation with focus on preventive and health promoting actions is a crucial prerequisite to co-create optimal health care practice with and for older people and their relatives in their unique context.
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| 3. |
- Ebrahimi, Zahra, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating Health Promotion with and for Older People - eHealth (IHOPe) – Evaluating remote integrated person-centred care - Protocol of a randomised controlled trial with effectiveness, health economic, and process evaluation
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2318. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Background Healthcare and welfare systems worldwide are unprepared to accommodate the growing population of older people. Simultaneously, the cost of reactive care for older people is increasing. However, healthcare systems in many countries are reforming towards integrated and person-centred care with a focus on health promotion and proactive actions. The Integrating Health Promotion with and for Older People – eHealth (IHOPe) project aims to describe and evaluate a person-centred e-support intervention that promotes a sustainable partnership between community dwelling frail older people and health and social care professionals. Methods The IHOPe project is designed as a randomised controlled trial comparing a control group receiving standard care with an intervention group receiving standard care and add-on person-centred care through telephone support and a digital platform. The primary outcome measure is a composite score of changes in general self-efficacy and the need for unscheduled hospital care. The project is conducted in Gothenburg, Sweden. At least 220 participants aged ≥ 75 years will be included after being screened using a frailty instrument. The study design, intervention components, digital platform, and questionnaires were developed in close collaboration with an advisory group of inter-professional researchers, stakeholders, clinicians, and older representatives. Data will mainly be collected through questionnaires at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months after inclusion in the study. Recruitment is ongoing and should be completed during 2023. Data will be analysed using quantitative and qualitative methods. The evaluation will include effectiveness, process, and health economics. The study was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Gothenburg, Sweden (Dnr 2019–05364, Dnr 2020–03550, Dnr 2021–03255). Discussion The findings will expand our knowledge of remotely integrated person-centred care for frail older people. Thereby, the IHOPe project is expected to fill highlighted knowledge gaps on intervention evaluations including the triad of person-centred, digital, and integrated care elements, as well as economic evaluations of remote health services for frail older people. The study is ongoing, and the results are not completed but if they turn out to be positive, implementation is not limited to time or location. Trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT04416815. Registered 07/06/2021.
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| 4. |
- Ebrahimi, Zahra, et al.
(författare)
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Key components in implementation of person-centred care för older people in out-of-hospital settings- A systematic review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Geriatric Nursing. - 0197-4572 .- 1528-3984.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background This systematic review has previously been published in Geriatric Nursing [1], (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ). As the global population ages, the demand for healthcare services for older people outside of hospital has grown significantly. This study is contemporary in the time of an ongoing reform to an integrated and person-centred care in Sweden. It provides a holistic overview of the current state of person-centered care interventions for older people in out-of-hospital settings. The review encompasses various healthcare settings, including primary care, home care, long-term care, and community-based services. Objective The aim of this systematic review was to explore the content and essential components of implemented person-centered care in the out-of-hospital context for people aged 65 and older. Method A systematic review was conducted, searching for published research in several electronic databases between 2017 and 2019. Original studies with both qualitative and quantitative methods were included and assessed according to the quality assessment tools EPHPP and CASP. Results The results underscored four interconnected themes crucial to the implementation of person-centered care: 1.Recognizing and validating the patient as a whole person. 2.Co-creating a tailored health plan. 3.Engaging in teamwork across various healthcare professionals and fostering cooperation with both the older persons and their relatives. 4.Establishing a person-centered base with focus on preventive and health-promoting actions. Conclusion Practicing a person-centred ethic, approaching an interpersonal and inter-professional teamwork is a crucial prerequisite to co-create integrated and person-centred care practice with and for older people and their relatives in their unique context. The importance of preventive and health-promoting actions is emphasized in teamwork and consultation. It underscores the need for continued research, policy development, and practice innovation, to promote the adoption of person-centered care as a standard approach to caring for older adults in diverse healthcare settings. Reference 1.Ebrahimi, Z., Patel, H., Wijk, H., Ekman, I., Olaya-Contreras, P., A systematic review on implementation of person-centered care interventions for older people in out-of-hospital settings. Geriatric Nursing, 2020. 8: p. 1-12.
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| 5. |
- Ekman, Inger, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Person-centred care: looking back, looking forward
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 20:2, s. 93-95
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An interdisciplinary group of clinical and non-clinical academics in Sweden created a research centre for the study of person-centred care (PCC) in long-term illness: the University of Gothenburg Centre for Person-Centred Care (GPCC). The GPCC steering committee formulated a position paper with three ‘simple routines’ to initiate, implement, and safeguard PCC in daily clinical practice. The EJCN accepted this position paper for publication in 2011. This brief review seeks to present how PCC, as defined in the position paper, has been used in research and published in EJCN during the past 5 years (2016–20). Clinical implications and future research in PCC are also suggested.
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| 6. |
- Garcia de Avila, Marla Andréia, et al.
(författare)
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Children's Anxiety and Factors Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic : An Exploratory Study Using the Children's Anxiety Questionnaire and the Numerical Rating Scale
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's lives deserve attention. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety among Brazilian children and its associated factors during social distancing during COVID-19. We used a cross-sectional design with an online survey from April to May 2020 in Brazil. We included children aged 6-12 years and their guardians. The Children's Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ; scores 4-12) and the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS; scores 0-10) were used to measure anxiety. We enrolled 157 girls and 132 boys, with a mean age of 8.84 (±2.05) years; 88.9% of respondents were mothers. Based on CAQ ≥ 9, the prevalence of anxiety was 19.4% (n = 56), and higher among children with parents with essential jobs and those who were social distancing without parents. In logistic regression, the following variables were associated with higher CAQ scores: social distancing without parents; more persons living together in home; and education level of guardians. Based on NRS > 7, the prevalence of anxiety was 21.8% (n = 63); however, no associations with NRS scores were found with the investigated variables. These findings suggest the necessity of implementing public health actions targeting these parents and their children at the population level.
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| 7. |
- Jenholt Nolbris, Margaretha, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Young children’s voices in an unlocked Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 50:6, s. 693-702
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: During the COVID-19 pandemic, Sweden was one of the few countries that rejected lockdowns in favour of recommendations for restrictions, including careful hand hygiene and social distancing. Preschools and primary schools remained open. Several studies have shown negative impacts of the pandemic on children, particularly high levels of anxiety. The study aim was to explore how Swedish school-aged children aged 6–14 years, experienced the COVID-19 pandemic and their perceived anxiety.Methods: In total, 774 children aged 6–14 years and their guardians answered an online questionnaire containing 24 questions, along with two instruments measuring anxiety: the Children’s Anxiety Questionnaire and the Numerical Rating Scale. A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used for analysing the quantitative and qualitative data. Each data source was first analysed separately, followed by a merged interpretative analysis.Results: The results showed generally low levels of anxiety, with no significant sex differences. Children who refrained from normal social activities or group activities (n=377) had significantly higher levels of anxiety. Most of the children were able to appreciate the bright side of life, despite the social distancing and refraining from activities, which prevented them from meeting and hugging their loved ones.Conclusions: These Swedish children generally experienced low levels of anxiety, except those who refrained from social activities. Life was nonetheless mostly experienced as normal, largely because schools remained open. Keeping life as normal as possible could be one important factor in preventing higher anxiety and depression levels in children during a pandemic.
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| 8. |
- Nilsson, Stefan, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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To be or not to be vaccinated against COVID-19 - The adolescents' perspective - A mixed-methods study in Sweden.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Vaccine: X. - : Elsevier BV. - 2590-1362. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vaccination of the population seems to be an important strategy in halting the COVID-19 pandemic in both local and global society. The aim of this study was to explore Swedish adolescents' willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and its association with sociodemographic and other possible factors. A survey was distributed in Sweden between 7 July and 8 November 2020. The main qualitative question concerned adolescents' thoughts on vaccination against COVID-19 and evaluated whether the adolescents would like to be vaccinated when a COVID-19 vaccine is made available. In total, 702 adolescents aged between 15 and 19 responded to the questionnaire. A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used. The results showed that nearly one in three adolescents had not decided if they wanted to get a COVID-19 vaccine, i.e. 30.5%: n = 214. Of the participants 54.3% (n = 381) were willing to be vaccinated. Girls had higher levels of anxiety about the vaccine compared to boys. In addition, high levels of anxiety impacted on the participants' willingness to be vaccinated. One reason for being undecided about the vaccine was that participants felt they did not know enough about it. Practising social distancing increased willingness to be vaccinated, as reflected in the qualitative results which showed participants wanted to be vaccinated to protect others. The results impart important knowledge to healthcare professionals and contribute to their communication with adolescents about vaccine hesitancy.
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| 9. |
- Nolbris, Margaretha, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Att vara barn i Sverige under coronapandemin: en enkätstudie med barn i åldrarna 6-14 år och deras vårdnadshavare
- 2020
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Ingår i: State of Art- Covid 2019, Nationell digital konferens, Svenska läkarsällskpet.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bakgrund Under våren 2020 utvecklades utbrottet av det nya coronaviruset till en pandemi. Det är ovanligt att barn drabbas allvarligt av covid-19, men däremot kan konsekvenserna av coronapandemin och smittskyddsåtgärderna försämra förutsättningarna för att barns hälsa och rättigheter skall kunna tillgodoses. Syftet var att undersöka hur coronapandemin påverkat situationen för barn i åldrarna 6-14 år i Sverige, genom barnens och deras vårdnadshavares beskrivningar. Metod Ett bekvämlighetsurval valdes, med en webbenkät som hade öppna och slutna frågor. Enkäten var öppen under juli-september, 2020, och analyserades med deskriptiv statistik och kvalitativ manifest innehållsanalys. Resultat Det var 667 barn och vårdnadshavare som besvarade enkäten, där 385 (57,7%) vårdnadshavarna beskrev att barn förstod samhällets situation under coronapandemin. Av barnen hade 645 (96,7%) gått i skola, 63 (9,4%) delvis haft distansundervisning och 284 (48%) haft färre fritidsaktiviteter och 94 (14,1%) hade emellanåt isolerats, där sociala kontakter och aktiviteter begränsats. Framträdande i det kvalitativa resultatet var negativa upplevelser med rädsla, oro och avsaknad av anhöriga/vänner. Barnen var ledsna för de anhörigas skull. De positiva upplevelserna var hopp inför framtiden, samt att barnens liv snarare kretsade kring deras vardagliga saker i livet än coronapandemin. Slutsats Det är viktigt att barn får fortsätta leva sina liv så oförändrat som möjligt. För barnens bästa bör vuxna bidra till att underlätta för att barn och äldre anhöriga kan ha kontakt med varandra. Barnen är engagerade i hanteringen av coronapandemin enligt Folkhälsomyndighetens rekommendationer och att det är alltid viktigt att barn görs delaktiga i alla beslut av sammanhang de befinner sig i.
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| 10. |
- Olaya-Contreras, Patricia, 1964
(författare)
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Bio-psychosocial analyses of acute and chronic pain, especially in the spine - the effect of distress on pain intensity and disability.
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall purpose was to assess factors that influence the experience of pain and disability due to acute low back pain (LBP) and chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP). A further purpose was to outline the conceptual framework behind pain—with emphasis on the spine—and its management in primary healthcare. Methods: In Studies I-III, cross-sectional design, 174 patients on long-term sick leave due to CMP were referred by the Social Insurance Office for orthopaedic assessment and evaluation of their ability to work. Additional psychiatric evaluation was required for 83/174 patients. Study I investigated the association between excessive illness behaviour—measured by Waddell signs (WS)—and clinical findings, pain intensity, depressed mood, disability, and duration of sick leave. In Study II, the occurrence of somatic and mental health comorbidity was studied, and the assessment of ability to work was compared between patients who only underwent an orthopaedic evaluation and patients who underwent both orthopaedic and psychiatric evaluations. In Study III (71/83), scores for mood in the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were compared with diagnosis of depression made by a psychiatrist. Study IV, a cross-cultural validation study of 288 patients with CMP and 161 controls, tested different psychometric characteristics of the Swedish version of the DAPOS (Depression, Anxiety, and Positive Outlook Scale) through confirmatory factor analysis. Study V, a randomised clinical trial involving 109 patients with acute-onset LBP, was performed to evaluate compliance with the treatment advice “Stay active” or “Adjust activity”, and to assess the influence of distress on pain-related disability and physical activity during a 7-day follow-up. Results: Study I: 27% of patients exhibited WS. Such patients exhibited distress and greater pain and longer sick leave than WS-negative patients. II: Neck pain was the main cause of disability, and patients with neck pain often suffered pain in more than two sites, and greater pain. 84% of all patients were able to return to work to different degrees. However, unrecognised psychiatric disorders (vs. somatic) were the main cause of inability to work in 69% of patients who underwent team evaluation. III: There was good agreement between the BDI scores and diagnosis of depression made by a psychiatrist. IV: The Swedish version of the DAPOS demonstrated good validity, and the three DAPOS constructs were equivalent with respect to sex. V: Pain-related disability decreased in all patients by the end of the follow-up. Patients with depressed mood who had been advised to “Adjust pain” exhibited worse pain-related disability over time. A tendency toward compliance with treatment advice was confirmed and patients advised to “Stay active” were more physically active (greater step count), with the exception of those with fear of movement. Conclusions: Distress is associated with increased pain intensity and disability/inability to work in acute LBP and CMP. Undiagnosed psychiatric disorders are common in patients on sick leave due to CMP. The early identification of distress, and giving the advice to “Stay active” early during care, may prevent pain-related disability in patients with acute severe LBP.
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