| 1. |
- Fatheddine, Djamila, 1979-
(författare)
-
Den kroppsliga läsningen : Bildningsperspektiv på litteraturundervisning
- 2018
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis explores aspects of reading literature, embodiment and Bildung with a specific focus on literature education in compulsory school. The main purpose of this study is to discuss and problematize literature education in Swedish compulsory schools by focusing on embodiment and Bildung. The theoretical framework of this thesis draws on hermeneutics and phenomenology, and especially on the concepts of experience and the lived body. Through four studies, the thesis investigates different aspects of literature reading and literature teaching. In the first study the focus is on the curriculum of the school subject Swedish, while the second study investigates teachers' classroom practices when teaching literature in years three and five. In the third study, the focus is on pupils in years four and five, who enjoy reading fiction, and their stories and experiences of reading. The fourth study is based on empirical material from the third study that is combined with empirical material presented earlier in order to highlight possible approaches to Bildung in literature education in the school subject Swedish. The methods used in the thesis are textual analysis (study 1), observation (study 2) and interviews (study 3 and 4). The overall result shows that children's reading experiences can be considered a possible way of initiating a process of Bildung, and further that this process has bodily dimensions. The study also reveals that there is a discrepancy between how literature reading is articulated in the Swedish curriculum, on the one hand, and how reading is experienced by pupils and how reading education take place in practice, on the other. Possible implications of this discrepancy is that the formative potential does not reach all pupils.
|
|
| 2. |
- Duek, Susanne, 1968-
(författare)
-
Med andra ord : Samspel och villkor för litteracitet bland nyanlända barn
- 2017
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This doctoral thesis centres on six children, aged four to nine, who relatively recently immigrated to Sweden. The children’s encounters with literacy are in focus. These children are not only new arrivals to Sweden, they also have in common that Swedish is their second language and that their parents have had little or no formal education prior to arriving in Sweden. The study draws on sociocultural approaches to literacy, and more specifically the field of New Literacy Studies. In this study, reading and writing are viewed as social practices comprising different related sociocultural aspects such as norms, values, habits, traditions and ideologies, and the study concentrates on social and ideological perspectives on literacy. Bourdieu’s notions of habitus and symbolic capital have also been used for the analysis.The empirical material was collected through an ethnographic approach. Each child was followed for one year, particularly at school/preschool. The children’s homes were also visited, and their parents and teachers were interviewed. Observations involved different degrees of participation and were documented through field notes and photographs. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. In addition, artefacts and school material from the field were collected or photographed. A qualitative content analysis of the collected data was performed.The analysis show that sociocultural incongruence, coupled with flawed communication between the schools and the homes, caused the children less continuity between school and home practices. Though, the results also show, that the children studied to a considerable extent adapted to the monolingual, homogenous norms when they participated in school practices. These children are therefore highly adaptable, while their teachers found it much harder to handle or even be aware of sociocultural incongruences.
|
|
| 3. |
- Fredholm, Kent
(författare)
-
Genvägar, omvägar och irrvägar : Gymnasieelevers användning av maskinöversättning under uppsatsskrivande på spanska
- 2021
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Based on four published articles on Swedish upper secondary school pupils’ use of online resources during essay writing in Spanish L3, this thesis in educational work and Romance languages focuses, from a language education perspective, on the use of machine translation. Two of the articles observe pupils’ use of online resources in general, and of Google Translate in particular, revealing a complex weave of strategies where Swedish, Spanish, and English are used to search, change and control word sequences, simultaneously including lexical, morphological, and syntactic aspects of the languages. The other articles study the effects of machine translation on text length and on lexical, morphological, and syntactic accuracy and complexity, as compared to texts written with printed dictionaries as the only translation tool. The results point to small but statistically significant positive and negative effects on complexity and accuracy. As for effects on vocabulary, the use of machine translation is shown to increase lexical diversity as long as it remains in use, the effect, however, vanishing when the tool is no longer utilised.In the introductory chapters of the thesis, the results from the articles are re-analysed from a Gibsonian ecological affordance perspective, focusing on the pupils’ explorative and performative interactions with the affordances of machine translation, and on the pupils’ strengths and challenges when handling the Spanish language.The thesis contributes to a deepened understanding of the complexity of foreign language learners’ interactions with machine translation, and further points to the importance of strengthening (meta-)linguistic awareness, linguistic self-confidence, and technological know-how in foreign language education. The thesis also underscores the importance of language teachers’ taking an active part in reinforcing the above-mentioned areas, and raises key questions about the future of writing in foreign language education.
|
|
| 4. |
- Hamberg, Ann-Kristin, 1974-
(författare)
-
Motstånd, måsten och möjligheter : Gymnasielärare om medie- och informationskunnighet i ett digitaliserat svenskämne
- 2021
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This licentiate thesis aims to explore how teachers comprehend, transform and teach media and information literacy in the courses Swedish 1, 2 and 3 in Swedish upper secondary school. The empirical data is based on semi-structured interviews with eight teachers in Swedish upper secondary school. The interviews were held in 2019 and were conducted for the most part in the teachers’ own place of work, except for one interview, which was held via Skype. The respondents in the study were all teachers who were – or had been – especially assigned to develop teaching and pedagogy in some form in their different schools. The study rests on the theoretical framework of Young and Muller’s theory of powerful knowledge (2010), and Shulman’s model of pedagogical content knowledge (1987). Hudson’s theory of high and low epistemic quality in teaching (2018) and Ball’s theory of policy enactment (2012) are also used. Albeit a small study, the findings highlight that the teachers have diverse views on what media and information literacy entails. All respondents interpreted the concept in different ways. The study also shows that there is a great need for a definition of the term when it comes to media and information literacy. There is no shared base of knowledge among teachers when it comes to this topic. In addition, time is a crucial factor when it comes to planning and preparing lessons, and time was something that the teachers felt that they lacked – both to prepare and to execute the lessons in media and information literacy. Furthermore, the teachers reported that school policies stipulate that they have to use specific learning management platforms in teaching.
|
|
| 5. |
- Hermansson, Carina, 1965-
(författare)
-
Nomadic Writing : Exploring Processes of Writing in Early Childhood Education
- 2013
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis explores how writing is made in two Swedish early childhood classrooms with a focus on how processes of writing are constituted in the writing event and what writings and writers the event offers potentials for. Theoretically, the research project takes its starting point in the assumption that processes of writing are an effect of relations between different elements, where the young writer is only one part of many human and non-human matters that make way for multiple becomings of writing and writers. In this context, the figuration of the nomad thought of Deleuze and Guattari is particularly applicable as it builds on the assumption that everything is always connected, continuously moving. The questions addressed are how the processes of writers, text-like writings and educational writing processes emerge, continue and transform in the writing event, and what writers, text-like writings and educational writing processes the event offers potentials for.The thesis consists of three research articles based on different empirical data. The first article builds on data from the thinking and talking about writing and the writing child in scholarly literature since the 19th century. The second and third articles are based on analyses of ethnographic documentation of six- to seven-year-olds’ writing activities in two early childhood classrooms. The ethnographic strategies of the audio and video recordings, field notes, informal interviews and the collection of children’s text-like writings were carried out over a period of one and a half year during which the children moved from preschool class to their first year of school.The findings of the first article suggest that the image of the ideal writing and the ideal writer has changed over time. However, the image of the young writer training for adult life predominates over time. The main result of the second article shows in specific ways that the mutual production of stabilizing processes of writing and processes of experimentation are vital components for becomings of writers and writing, irrespective of pedagogical framings. The finding of the third article illustrates how the teaching method of creative writing produced over time creates multiple pedagogical trajectories of “doing method” and “doing creativity”.The thesis posits nomadic writing as a way to account for the movement, the connectivity and change in the processes of writing, thus contributing to an understanding of how the processes of writing create potentialities for multiple becomings of writers and writing.
|
|
| 6. |
- Ljung Egeland, Birgitta, 1965-
(författare)
-
Berättelser om tillhörighet : om barn med migrationsbakgrund på en mindre ort
- 2015
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This doctoral thesis centres on children of immigrant background, who live and go to school in a non-urban community. The emphasis is on their narrated experience of a sense of belonging in and out of school. The study is based on interviews with 13 children at two different schools in two small-sized municipalities, and aimed at identifying the factors in their narratives that impact on their sense of belonging as well as the related conditions and means of action. The interviews were conversational and most of the children were interviewed on three occasions. Each result chapter analyses a specific dilemmatic space related to a sense of belonging, such as peer relationships, trips to the “home country”, and managing in school. In particular, the emotions related to the children’s narrative positionings are analysed as well as the narrative resources employed in their narration. The results show that their sense of belonging is produced in the interplay between the conditions of immigration and the socio-cultural conditions in the small-sized community. The children describe extensive relational and emotional work to enter into comradeship. Dimensions of being like and unlike gain importance and involve clothing, height and colour of skin. Several of the children describe how they cope with ‘racifying’ and other excluding processes of ‘othering’ on a daily basis. Trips to the home country emerge as central events in their lives and it is clear that a sense of belonging is connected to place attachment and anchored in embodied sensory emotions. Managing school is important to all the children but is attributed different meanings in the pursuit of the long-term goal of employment. In conclusion, the children’s experiences are discussed in terms of two interwoven and sometimes separate projects emerging in the children's narratives: the Swedishness project and the family project.
|
|
| 7. |
- Tanner, Marie, 1965-
(författare)
-
Lärarens väg genom klassrummet : Lärande och skriftspråkande i bänkinteraktioner på mellanstadiet
- 2014
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation takes an interest in learning and literacy in everyday interaction in the middle year classroom. It is based on a view of learning as emically construed in social interaction. Conversation Analysis (CA) and the concept of epistemic stance are used as a theoretical framing for describing in what way, and with what verbal and non-verbal resources, learning is achieved in desk interaction, i.e. when students work individually at their desks while the teacher moves around to support them. Almost without exceptions, these interactions involve the use of texts. Hence, they are viewed as situated literacy events that are part of the institutionally shaped literacy practices as described in the field of New Literacy Studies.The empirical data for this study comes from a video-ethnographic study in two middle year classrooms in grade four and five. Out of a total of 70 hours of video documentation, a selection of interrelated desk interactions was made. These were analyzed as learning trajectories and compared from two perspectives. Firstly, learning trajectories when a teacher repeatedly interacts with the same student about the same learning content were analyzed. Secondly, the changes in the teacher’s epistemic stance when interacting with different students about the same learning content in repeated desk interactions were studied.The analysis shows that the teacher’s trajectories through the classroom build infrastructures for learning, enabling differentiation between students within the constraints and possibilities of evolving routines. Learning in desk interaction mainly relies on the use of text references to index previously shared knowledge. Epistemic topicalizations and recurring semiotic fields are shown to be crucial resources for both maintaining and changing the epistemic stance of the participants towards the learning content constituted in interaction. A conclusion is that the shared experiences of teachers and students in collective literacy events serve as important resources for learning in individual desk interaction.
|
|
| 8. |
- Thorsten, Anja
(författare)
-
Berättelseskrivande i skolan : Att studera, beskriva och utveckla ett kunnande
- 2018
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med avhandlingen är att bidra med kunskap om hur kunnandet att skriva berättelser kan bli undervisningsbart. Detta belyses ur två infallsvinklar, svenskdidaktiskt och metodologiskt. Avhandlingens empiriska underlag består av elevintervjuer, filmade lektioner, elevtexter, fältanteckningar, mötesprotokoll och reflektionsanteckningar som samlades in under genomförandet av en Learning study om berättelseskrivande i årskurs 3 och 4. I en Learning study undersöker en forskargrupp, med forskande lärare, iterativt hur undervisningen kan läggas upp för att eleverna ska utveckla ett avsett kunnande.Med hjälp av narratologi, fenomenografi och variationsteori analyserades elevers kunnande, elevers lärande och undervisningen. Resultatet visar att när kunnandet att skriva berättelser ska göras undervisningsbart, behöver eleverna få möjlighet att urskilja (a) vad ett läsarperspektiv innebär samt (b) hur berättelsers struktur kan byggas upp med problem och lösning. Dessa båda aspekter specificeras i några andra aspekter, till exempel det utrymme olika delar i berättelsen får samt övergångarna mellan berättelsens ingående delar. I den här avhandlingen analyseras också hur lärares erfarenhetsbaserade kunskap samverkar med variationsteori i en Learning study, med utgångspunkt i Polanyis begrepp tyst kunskap och teoretiska resonemang om hur erfarenhet påverkar hantering, tolkning och bedömning av yrkesspecifika situationer. Resultatet visar att när lärares erfarenhet och variationsteorin kombineras i en iterativ modell finns förutsättningar för en kunskapsgenererande forskningsprocess. Lärarnas erfarenhetsbaserade kunskap påverkar valet av forskningsområde och gör att fokus riktas mot relevanta delar i analysprocessen. Variationsteorin bidrar med teoretiska redskap i analysen och leder till att lärandeobjektets innebörd och synliggörande är i fokus i hela processen.
|
|
| 9. |
- Vuorenpää, Sari, 1967-
(författare)
-
Litteracitet genom interaktion
- 2016
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The dissertation Litteracitet genom interaktion [‘Literacy through Interaction’] spotlights how literacy interaction can work in the primary school’s multilinguistic environments. It investigates conversations that occur in and around teaching about writing. The study material was collected from three different schools from year zero to year three, and special focus is given to what I call literacy chains. These chains are connected by the fact that they all concern a writing assignment that every pupil must complete, which in my material involves the text types narrative, factual text and poem. During the teaching sequences that unfold, there is an interplay of literary events in connection with speech, writing and various artefacts. My main object of inquiry is the interaction that occurs in these literacy chains.The dissertation demonstrates that the teachers’ lessons with the class as a whole lead to fixed conversational patterns, with pupils asked questions that require specific responses. The conversations tend to form either a so-called IRE pattern, where the reader’s initiative for a question demands a given answer in response which is then evaluated by the teacher, or a list pattern, with the pupils filling in answers.In situations involving the whole class, persistent, determined pupils are needed to break into the teacher’s monologue. When persistence wins out, from the pupil’s perspective, pupils can contribute new aspects to these conversations. In small groups and in one-on-one conversations, there are more pupil initiatives, since conversational patterns are not as fixed or predetermined.One key finding is that multilinguistic resources are sometimes made use of even though the schoolwork is usually based on a single-language conversational norm. Yet it is clear that multilingualism is a useful resource regardless of the teacher’s language background. On several occasions, we encounter participants who together construct a multilinguistic environment where languages are interwoven.All three literacy chains provide pupils with clear templates for writing, which determine what the pupils are supposed to do. The writing template in the poem chain serves as support for their writing but is not a straitjacket. This can be compared to the template for the factual text, which includes a copy of the model text.The written language norm of writing properly is communicated in great detail by the teachers to the pupils. Writing properly is not just having good, legible handwriting, but in school the writing norms to be applied in writing assignments are made relevant.On a more general level, the study illustrates that material resources vary in the schools, from green chalkboards to classroom resources that include laptops. However, schoolwork is predicated on paper-based writing. There is built-in stress, since schoolwork is governed by time, with a schedule that determines learning activities down to the minute, with them ending at a precise time. There is a race against time.
|
|
| 10. |
- Wessbo, Simon, 1980-
(författare)
-
Fiktion genom två medier : En studie om gymnasieelevers menings-skapande utifrån Hjalmar Söderbergs novell "Pälsen" och dess adaption till film
- 2021
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med avhandlingen är att bidra med detaljerad kunskap om gymnasieelevers meningsskapande utifrån fiktion från olika medier, i detta fall skönlitteratur i form av en tryckt novell och en novellfilm som är en adaption av novellen. Fyra mediala förutsättningar iscensätts där skönlitteratur och film används, för att undersöka hur gymnasieungdomar skapar mening om skönlitteratur och film och vilka didaktiska konsekvenser detta får. I den första förutsättningen får eleverna skriva om Hjalmar Söderbergs novell ”Pälsen”, medan de i den andra förutsättningen får skriva om Björne Larsons filmadaption Pälsen (2008). I den tredje förutsättningen får eleverna skriva efter att ha sett filmen och sedan läst novellen, medan den omvända ordningen gäller i den fjärde förutsättningen. Studiens material består av 186 elevtexter, har samlats in år 2016 och 2018. Elevernas meningsskapande undersöks genom olika positioner de intar till verken. Eleverna kan inta en intrigposition där de befinner sig i den fiktiva världen; en analogiposition där de undersöker vilken överförd betydelse verken har; samt en objektsposition där eleverna yttrar sig om verket som ett objekt med en konstruktör. Utifrån dessa positioner framkommer att eleverna som läser novellen skriver ur alla dessa positioner, men jämfört med övriga grupper mest ur en analogiposition där olika budskap från novellen konstrueras. Eleverna som ser filmen skriver mest om intrigen, vilket bland annat uttrycks genom den närhet de upprättar till filmens karaktärer. Filmgruppen använder få begrepp som är mediespecifika, istället använder de litterära begrepp i sitt meningsskapande om filmen. Elever som tar del av både film och novell skriver ofta jämförelser av berättelsernas intriger, men det kan också leda till mediereflexiva och metakognitiva resonemang om filmen och novellen. I resultatkapitlen framkommer vidare att filmgruppens skrivande om intrigens viktiga händelser präglas av en större säkerhet än novellgruppen. Avslutningsvis undersöks elevernas inferenser om novellen och filmen, där filmgruppen i högre grad ägnar sig åt elaborerande inferenser där spekulativa resonemang om karaktärerna utvecklas. Resultaten visar hur meningsskapande varierar utifrån olika mediala förutsättningar och diskuteras utifrån det medielandskap och den medieekologi som råder, där olika slags uttryck och medier ständigt förekommer och omformas.
|
|
