| 1. |
- Jiang, Yiwen, et al.
(författare)
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Glioblastoma Cell Malignancy and Drug Sensitivity Are Affected by the Cell of Origin
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cell Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-1247. ; 18:4, s. 977-990
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The identity of the glioblastoma (GBM) cell of origin and its contributions to disease progression and treatment response remain largely unknown. We have analyzed how the phenotypic state of the initially transformed cell affects mouse GBM development and essential GBM cell (GC) properties. We find that GBM induced in neural stem-cell-like glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-expressing cells in the subventricular zone of adult mice shows accelerated tumor development and produces more malignant GCs (mGC1GFAP) that are less resistant to cancer drugs, compared with those originating from more differentiated nestin- (mGC2NES) or 2,'3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (mGC3CNP)-expressing cells. Transcriptome analysis of mouse GCs identified a 196 mouse cell origin (MCO) gene signature that was used to partition 61 patient-derived GC lines. Human GC lines that clustered with the mGC1GFAP cells were also significantly more self-renewing, tumorigenic, and sensitive to cancer drugs compared with those that clustered with mouse GCs of more differentiated origin.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Månberg, Anna, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Altered perivascular fibroblast activity precedes ALS disease onset
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 27:4, s. 640-646
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Apart from well-defined factors in neuronal cells1, only a few reports consider that the variability of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) progression can depend on less-defined contributions from glia2,3 and blood vessels4. In this study we use an expression-weighted cell-type enrichment method to infer cell activity in spinal cord samples from patients with sporadic ALS and mouse models of this disease. Here we report that patients with sporadic ALS present cell activity patterns consistent with two mouse models in which enrichments of vascular cell genes preceded microglial response. Notably, during the presymptomatic stage, perivascular fibroblast cells showed the strongest gene enrichments, and their marker proteins SPP1 and COL6A1 accumulated in enlarged perivascular spaces in patients with sporadic ALS. Moreover, in plasma of 574 patients with ALS from four independent cohorts, increased levels of SPP1 at disease diagnosis repeatedly predicted shorter survival with stronger effect than the established risk factors of bulbar onset or neurofilament levels in cerebrospinal fluid. We propose that the activity of the recently discovered perivascular fibroblast can predict survival of patients with ALS and provide a new conceptual framework to re-evaluate definitions of ALS etiology.
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| 4. |
- Améen, Caroline, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha increases the expression and activity of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein in the liver
- 2005
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Ingår i: J Biol Chem. ; 280:2, s. 1224-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) is rate-limiting in the assembly and secretion of lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein (apo) B. Previously we demonstrated that Wy 14,643 (Wy), a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha agonist, increases apoB-100 secretion despite decreased triglyceride synthesis. In this study, we sought to determine whether PPARalpha activation increases MTP expression and activity. Treatment with Wy increased hepatic MTP expression and activity in rats and mice and increased MTP expression in primary cultures of rat and mouse hepatocytes. Addition of actinomycin D blocked this increase and the MTP promoter (-136 to +67) containing a conserved DR1 element was activated by Wy, showing that PPARalpha activates transcription of the gene. Wy did not affect MTP expression in the intestine or in cultured hepatocytes from PPARalpha-null mice. A retinoid X receptor agonist (9-cis-retinoic acid), but not a PPARgamma agonist (rosiglitazone), increased MTP mRNA expression in cultured hepatocytes from both wild type and PPARalpha-null mice. In rat hepatocytes incubated with Wy, MTP mRNA levels increased between 6 and 24 h, and MTP protein expression and apoB-100 secretion increased between 24 and 72 h. In conclusion, PPARalpha activation stimulates hepatic MTP expression via increased transcription of the Mtp gene. This effect is paralleled by a change in apoB-100 secretion, indicating that the effect of Wy on apoB-100 secretion is mediated by increased expression of MTP.
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| 5. |
- Bengtsson, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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Så kan Sverige bli ledande nation i resurseffektivitet
- 2016
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447. ; :2016-04-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Ny rapport. Det svenska näringslivet kan bli mer hållbart, resurssmart och därmed internationellt konkurrenskraftigt. Men för det behövs en tydlig politisk avsiktsförklaring och riktlinjer. Vi har listat sex områden där policyutveckling brådskar, skriver företrädare för näringsliv, forskning och myndigheter i en gemensam uppmaning.
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| 6. |
- Berggren, Caroline, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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A Societal Perspective on Self-employment – Sweden as an example
- 2021
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Ingår i: Studies in Higher Education. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0307-5079 .- 1470-174X. ; 46:7, s. 1436-1448
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- European Union policies emphasise the importance of entrepreneurship and self-employment to maintain economic growth, a solution influenced by the USA and research from schools of business. There are expectations of higher education graduates that they are innovative, will start businesses and will employ others. However, transferring a solution from one country to another may not be as simple as that. This study questions the recommendations made in EU policies which mainly focus on how to support individuals to become self-employed. Extensive data from the Swedish population registry of approximately 90,000 tertiary-educated people, all born in the mid-1970s, is used to analyse the extent to which this group became self-employed. Results show that societal and cultural differences need to be considered when creating such policies.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Berggren, Caroline, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Characteristics of Mobile Higher Education Students
- 2015
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Ingår i: ECER 2015, 7-11 September, Hungary: Education and Transition - Contributions from Educational Research, 2015.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To enter Higher Education the student sometimes needs to move. What are the characteristics of those who move?In the big picture, the direction of the mobility is typically from less populated regions to the urbanised regions (HSV, 2011), and mobility is more common among women than men particularly in the early 20s (SCB, 2011). One explanation for women’s greater likelihood for mobility is that they to a greater extent study at higher education. People with ample resources, such as private means and networks, have traditionally been mobile (Bourdieu & Passeron, 1990). In addition, socially privileged students have been ready to move also when higher education institutions have been within commuting distance from their home, thus to make the best educational choice to gain and reproduce their family capital (Kivinen, et al., 2001). A move to a more prestigious institution or to a more prestigious study programme is less of a hurdle for them, it is even more or less expected (Clayton, Crozier, & Reay, 2009). Among higher education students who are less mobile are young students who still live within the parental home and wish to do so. Less mobile are also the mature students who have a family of their own (Wikhall, 2001). Even though Sweden is considered a gender equal country, women still carry the main responsibility for the family (Holth, Jordansson, & Gonäs, 2012), which clearly restricts their mobility.We are interested in a comprehensive understanding of the mobile versus the stationary students. In relation to the dichotomy “movers” or “stayers”, individuals can be grouped into different modalities, a “summation” of different distinguishing characteristics, such as gender, social class, age, and region of origin.We are influenced by reproduction theory and intersectionality (Acker, 1990; Bourdieu & Passeron, 1990; McCall, 2005). Those who occupy advantaged positions strive to continue to do so, and mobility can be a mean to recreate or improve the family position.
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| 9. |
- Berggren, Caroline, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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From Higher Education Studies to Self-Employment - a matter of discipline and gender?
- 2011
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Ingår i: The European Conference on Educational Research (ECER).
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The EU agenda strongly promotes entrepreneurship (Papatsiba, 2009). The responsibly for earning a livelihood has increasingly become individualised, and self-employment is strongly emphasised. Creating new businesses and services is seen as a way of keeping the unemployment levels low and thus an intact or even improved living standard in the European countries. There is a special confidence in that the university graduated should be in the frontline in creating these new employment possibilities and entrepreneurship education programmes is perceived as an effective tool to stimulate students in this direction. On the contrary, universities have since long educated students for positions in the service of the State. Moreover, a built out welfare state (Esping-Andersen, 1990), that assure a certain living standard for its population also in the case of unemployment at ill-health will further decrease the incentives for becoming self-employed (GEM, 2011). Our results show that the rhetoric about increasing need for entrepreneurs and for new businesses is not a neutral urge, the circumstances for men and women to become entrepreneurs are so different because of their different fields of knowledge. Moreover, higher education students are less incentive to become self-employed because of their, since long directed purpose, to become civil servants.
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| 10. |
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