| 1. |
- Olofsson, Jenny, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
Boomerang Behaviour and Emerging Adulthood : Moving Back to the Parental Home and the Parental Neighbourhood in Sweden
- 2020
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Population. - : Springer. - 0168-6577 .- 1572-9885. ; 36:5, s. 919-945
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper makes two original contributions to research on young adults’ boomerang mobility. First, it reveals the magnitude and complexity of return moves by young people to their parental home and neighbourhood. Secondly, it shows that the determinants and associates of return migration vary significantly when analysed at two different geographical scales—the parental home and the parental neighbourhood area. Using longitudinal data (1986–2009) on four cohorts of young adults, we find that boomeranging to the parental home in Sweden has increased in times of economic recession and is associated with economic vulnerability, such as leaving higher education or entering unemployment, and partnership dissolution. While returning to the parental home can offer financial support in times of life course reversal, we found gender differences indicating a greater independence among young women than men. Returning to the parental neighbourhood is found to be a very different kind of mobility than returning to co-reside with one’s parents, involving the migration decisions of more economically independent young adults. Results also indicate that returns to the parental neighbourhood, as well as returns to the parental home, can be part of young people’s life course changes.
|
|
| 2. |
- Byström, Pär, et al.
(författare)
-
Substitution of top predators : effects of pike invasion in a subarctic lake
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Freshwater Biology. - : John Wiley & Sons, Inc. - 0046-5070 .- 1365-2427. ; 52:7, s. 1271–1280-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 1. Invasions of top predators may have strong cascading effects in ecosystems affecting both prey species abundance and lower trophic levels. A recently discussed factor that may enhance species invasion is climate change and in this context, we studied the effects of an invasion of northern pike into a subarctic lake ecosystem formerly inhabited by the native top predator Arctic char and its prey fish, ninespined stickleback. 2. Our study demonstrated a strong change in fish community composition from a system with Arctic char as top predator and high densities of sticklebacks to a system with northern pike as top predator and very low densities of sticklebacks. A combination of both predation and competition from pike is the likely cause of the extinction of char. 3. The change in top predator species also cascaded down to primary consumers as both zooplankton and predator-sensitive macroinvertebrates increased in abundance. 4. Although the pike invasion coincided with increasing summer temperatures in the study area we have no conclusive evidence that the temperature increase is the causal mechanism behind the pike invasion. But still, our study provides possible effects of future pike invasions in mountain lakes related to climate change. We suggest that future pike invasions will have strong effects in lake ecosystems, both by replacing native top consumers and through cascading effects on lower trophic levels.
|
|
| 3. |
- Fors Connolly, Filip, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Adjustment of daily activities to restrictions and reported spread of the COVID-19 pandemic across Europe
- 2021
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper addresses adjustments of daily activities in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic among people aged 50 years and older in Europe, and investigates the extent to which such adjustments are associated with the stringency of governmental restrictions and the overall spread of COVID-19. We use data from the SHARE Corona Survey collected during summer2020, published data on government response stringency, and reported country-specific prevalence and mortality of COVID-19. Our analyses show that older Europeans across the continent have reduced their daily activities quite substantially during the pandemic. However, we observe variation across countries and demographic groups, which may be important to highlight for policymakers. Our explanatory analysis replicates previous studies using mobility data, showing that both restrictions and infections predict a reduction in mobility. Thus, policymakers could potentially rely on both restrictions and voluntary adjustments in order to decrease the spread of the virus. However, it is noteworthy that we find relatively weaker associations with restrictions compared to previous studies using mobility data. One explanation for this discrepancy could be that our study focuses on older people, who face a higher risk of becoming severely ill and therefore have stronger incentives to adjust their behaviours independent of governmental regulations.
|
|
| 4. |
- Fors Connolly, Filip, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
-
Do reductions of daily activities mediate the relationship between COVID-19 restrictions and mental ill-health among older persons in Europe?
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Aging & Mental Health. - : Routledge. - 1360-7863 .- 1364-6915.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Previous research has shown that daily activities are crucial for mental health among older people, and that such activities declined during the COVID-19 pandemic. While previous studies have confirmed a link between stringent restrictions and an increase in mental ill-health, the role of daily activities as a mediator in this relationship remains underexplored. We analyzed whether reductions in daily activities mediated the impact of these COVID-19 restrictions on mental ill-health during the pandemic’s initial phase.Methods: We used data from Wave 8 SHARE Corona Survey covering 41,409 respondents from 25 European countries and Israel as well as data on COVID-19 restrictions from the Oxford Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT). Multilevel regression and multilevel-mediation analysis were used to examine the relationships between restrictions, daily activities and mental ill-health.Results: Reductions in walking and shopping showed a notably stronger association with increases in mental ill-health compared to social activities. Furthermore, declines in walking could account for about a quarter of the relationship between restrictions and increased mental ill-health, but the mediating effects of the other activates were negligible.Conclusions: The study highlights the essential role of maintaining daily activities, particularly walking, to mitigate the negative psychological effects of pandemic-related restrictions among older populations in Europe.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Heiman, Jenny, 1980, et al.
(författare)
-
Breast-conserving surgery using an inframammary fold incision technique for breast cancer.
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of plastic surgery and hand surgery. - 2000-6764. ; 51:2, s. 105-111
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Breast-conserving surgery is an established alternative for the majority of women with early stage breast cancer. Consensus on negative margins (no ink on tumour) for invasive cancer makes mutilating extensive lumpectomies unnecessary. Several breast-conserving surgical methods are described in the literature. The aim of this study was to describe and evaluate a technique using the inframammary fold incision.Twenty-seven patients with suspected breast cancer (stage I-II) underwent breast-conserving surgery using the inframammary fold incision. Data regarding tumour characteristics, margin status, complications, oncologic and aesthetic outcome was analysed retrospectively.After a median follow-up of 35 months, 23 of the 24 patients with breast cancer (95.8%) had no evidence of disease. Post-operative complications (as defined by infection requiring antibiotic treatment and/or seroma requiring drainage) were seen in three of the 27 patients (11.1%). The final pathological examination revealed a positive excision margin in four patients (16.7%). Post-operative evaluation with the BREAST-Q™ BCT module showed a mean RASCH score of 72.5 regarding 'Satisfaction with breast'. The aesthetic result with a hidden scar is exemplified.Breast-conserving surgery using the inframammary fold incision seems to be a safe method with better cosmesis; however, further research is needed.
|
|
| 7. |
- Heiman, Jenny, 1980, et al.
(författare)
-
The effect of nonsupervised physical activity before and after breast cancer surgery on quality of life: Results from a randomized controlled trial (PhysSURG-B)
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Surgery. - : SAGE Publications. - 1457-4969 .- 1799-7267. ; 111:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and objective: The PhysSURG-B trial of prehabilitation before breast cancer surgery randomized patients to a nonsupervised physical activity or a control group. The effects of the intervention on short- and long-term quality of life (QoL) were examined, with a subgroup analysis of patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: Female patients planned for surgery were randomly assigned to either an intervention of 30 min of self-administered physical aerobic activity daily 2 weeks before and 4 weeks after surgery or control. QoL was assessed with questionnaires at baseline, 4 weeks and 12 months postoperatively using the instruments FACT-B, RAND-36, and EQ-VAS. Results: Of 354 included participants at 12 months after surgery, 287 were available for analysis. FACT- B scores at 4 weeks and 12 months showed no differences between intervention compared to control, odds ratio (OR) of 0.975 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.636-1.495) and 0.883 (95% CI 0.581-1.342), respectively. There was no difference in EQ-VAS comparing intervention to control at 4 weeks and 12 months, respectively, OR 1.163 (95% CI 0.760-1.779) and 0.817 (95% CI 0.559-1.300). RAND-36 domains "role limitations due to physical health" and "pain" showed a decrease at 4 weeks in both groups, returning toward baseline at 12 months follow-up. The subgroup who received adjuvant chemotherapy had significantly lower QoL measured using FACT-B at 12 months compared to patients not receiving chemotherapy (OR 0.475; 95% CI 0.300-0.753). Conclusions: An intervention of non-supervised physical activity before and after surgery for breast cancer showed no effect on short or long-term QoL, compared to control.
|
|
| 8. |
- Moncrieff, Marc D, et al.
(författare)
-
Clinical Outcomes and Risk Stratification of Early-Stage Melanoma Micrometastases From an International Multicenter Study: Implications for the Management of American Joint Committee on Cancer IIIA Disease.
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. - 1527-7755. ; 40:34, s. 3940-3951
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Indications for offering adjuvant systemic therapy for patients with early-stage melanomas with low disease burden sentinel node (SN) micrometastases, namely, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC; eighth edition) stage IIIA disease, are presently controversial. The current study sought to identify high-risk SN-positive AJCC stage IIIA patients who are more likely to derive benefit from adjuvant systemic therapy.Patients were recruited from an intercontinental (Australia/Europe/North America) consortium of nine high-volume cancer centers. All were adult patients with pathologic stage pT1b/pT2a primary cutaneous melanomas who underwent SN biopsy between 2005 and 2020. Patient data, primary tumor and SN characteristics, and survival outcomes were analyzed.Three thousand six hundred seven patients were included. The median follow-up was 34 months. Pairwise disease comparison demonstrated no significant survival difference between N1a and N2a subgroups. Survival analysis identified a SN tumor deposit maximum dimension of 0.3 mm as the optimal cut point for stratifying survival. Five-year disease-specific survival rates were 80.3% and 94.1% for patients with SN metastatic tumor deposits ≥ 0.3 mm and < 0.3 mm, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.26 [1.11 to 1.44]; P < .0001). Similar findings were seen for overall disease-free and distant metastasis-free survival. There were no survival differences between the AJCC IB patients and low-risk (< 0.3 mm) AJCC IIIA patients. The newly identified high-risk (≥ 0.3 mm) subgroup comprised 271 (66.4%) of the AJCC IIIA cohort, whereas only 142 (34.8%) patients had SN tumor deposits > 1 mm in maximum dimension.Patients with AJCC IIIA melanoma with SN tumor deposits ≥ 0.3 mm in maximum dimension are at higher risk of disease progression and may benefit from adjuvant systemic therapy or enrollment into a clinical trial. Patients with SN deposits < 0.3 mm in maximum dimension can be managed similar to their SN-negative, AJCC IB counterparts, thereby avoiding regular radiological surveillance and more intensive follow-up.
|
|
| 9. |
- Olofsson, Jenny, 1978-
(författare)
-
A sense of belonging : Social integration among East European immigrants in Sweden
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this study the focus is directed beyond the economic issues of integration. Instead, the emphasis is placed on migrants’ perceived sense of belonging in the receiving society. This is done by analysing the effect of socio-demographic characteristics, social networks and adaptation time, in terms of duration of stay, citizenship and language proficiency, on immigrants from Russia, the Baltic States and Poland in Sweden. Based on a representative questionnaire, the main finding is that there are significant gender differences in the immigrants’ sense of belonging. The analysis reveals that local ties are significant in women’s sense of belonging in Sweden, while men’s sense of belonging is mainly affected by how long the immigrant has lived in Sweden and language proficiency.
|
|
| 10. |
- Olofsson, Jenny, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
-
East-Central European migrants in Sweden : migration motives and migration outcome
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Social Space. - : Rzeszow University and BOSQO. - 2084-1558. ; 2, s. 75-103
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1989 and the European Union enlargement in 2004 and 2007 respectively have changed the preconditions of east-west migration. However, the geopolitical changes have not resulted in the ‘mass migration’ that was initially expected from the EU15. Sweden is one of the countries to which migration from East-Central Europe has been modest, although it has increased. Reasons why this migration is still limited in Sweden are not only connected to political structures; occupation, family situation, and social networks are additional issues that matter in the migration decision-making process. This paper explores migration motives and the outcome of the migration in terms of employment, family status and satisfaction with the migration decision for people moving to Sweden from Russia and the East-Central European countries, Poland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.The study is based on a questionnaire survey and reveals significant gender differences when it comes to migration motives, and women tend to state social reasons to a higher degree than men. Although social motives predominate among the migrants, economic reasons tend to become more important over time, particularly after the year 2000. Moreover, the majority of the respondents report that to migrate was a fairly easy decision to make. However, some differences exist depending on country and gender, whereby the decision is perceived as less easy for migrants from Russia and Poland and for women who stated social and economic motives. There is also evidence that motives are of importance for labour market success among respondents.
|
|
