| 1. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Alerstam, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Hypotheses and tracking results about the longest migration : The case of the arctic tern
- 2019
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Ingår i: Ecology and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 2045-7758. ; 9:17, s. 9511-9531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The arctic tern Sterna paradisaea completes the longest known annual return migration on Earth, traveling between breeding sites in the northern arctic and temperate regions and survival/molt areas in the Antarctic pack-ice zone. Salomonsen (1967, Biologiske Meddelelser, Copenhagen Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, 24, 1) put forward a hypothetical comprehensive interpretation of this global migration pattern, suggesting food distribution, wind patterns, sea ice distribution, and molt habits as key ecological and evolutionary determinants. We used light-level geolocators to record 12 annual journeys by eight individuals of arctic terns breeding in the Baltic Sea. Migration cycles were evaluated in light of Salomonsen's hypotheses and compared with results from geolocator studies of arctic tern populations from Greenland, Netherlands, and Alaska. The Baltic terns completed a 50,000 km annual migration circuit, exploiting ocean regions of high productivity in the North Atlantic, Benguela Current, and the Indian Ocean between southern Africa and Australia (sometimes including the Tasman Sea). They arrived about 1 November in the Antarctic zone at far easterly longitudes (in one case even at the Ross Sea) subsequently moving westward across 120–220 degrees of longitude toward the Weddell Sea region. They departed from here in mid-March on a fast spring migration up the Atlantic Ocean. The geolocator data revealed unexpected segregation in time and space between tern populations in the same flyway. Terns from the Baltic and Netherlands traveled earlier and to significantly more easterly longitudes in the Indian Ocean and Antarctic zone than terns from Greenland. We suggest an adaptive explanation for this pattern. The global migration system of the arctic tern offers an extraordinary possibility to understand adaptive values and constraints in complex pelagic life cycles, as determined by environmental conditions (marine productivity, wind patterns, low-pressure trajectories, pack-ice distribution), inherent factors (flight performance, molt, flocking), and effects of predation/piracy and competition.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Linda, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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PLD1 and ERK2 regulate cytosolic lipid droplet formation
- 2006
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Ingår i: J Cell Sci. ; 119:Pt 11, s. 2246-57
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously uncovered roles for phospholipase D (PLD) and an unknown cytosolic protein in the formation of cytosolic lipid droplets using a cell-free system. In this report, PLD1 has been identified as the relevant isoform, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) as the cytosolic protein. Increased expression of PLD1 increased lipid droplet formation whereas knockdown of PLD1 using siRNA was inhibitory. A role for ERK2 in basal lipid droplet formation was revealed by overexpression or microinjection, and ablation by siRNA knockdown or pharmacological inhibition. Similar manipulations of other Map kinases such as ERK1, JNK1 or JNK2 and p38alpha or p38beta were without effect. Insulin stimulated the formation of lipid droplets and this stimulation was inhibited by knockdown of PLD1 (by siRNA) and by inhibition or knockdown (by siRNA) of ERK2. Inhibition of ERK2 eliminated the effect of PLD1 on lipid droplet formation without affecting PLD1 activity, suggesting that PLD1 functions upstream of ERK2. ERK2 increased the phosphorylation of dynein which increased the amount of the protein on ADRP-containing lipid droplets. Microinjection of antibodies to dynein strongly inhibited the formation of lipid droplets, demonstrating that dynein has a central role in this formation. Thus dynein is a possible target for ERK2.
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| 5. |
- Aspelin, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Gender differences in self-reported health during times of economic crises: Does employment status matter?.
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Health Sciences & Research. - 2249-9571. ; 5:2, s. 246-257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Employment status has an impact on health and is a source of health inequalities. But little is known about its impact on the health of people residing in the County of Västernorrland, Sweden. The recent economic recession affected this region in a way which worsened the already existing unemployment rate.Objective of the study: This study aimed to examine the relationship between employment status, gender and self-reported health in the County of Västernorrland, Sweden in the year 2010.Setting and Design: The study used data from a cross-sectional "Health on Equal Terms" survey, carried in the County of Västernorrland in 2010. A total of 6,050 women and men aged 16-65 years were included in the analysis. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were performed, and results were expressed as odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals.Results: Women and men who were out of work had odds of poor self-reported health of 2.31 (CI 1.94-2.94) and 2.39 (CI 1.96-2.58), respectively. Controlling for other variables reduced the odds of poor health, but the relationship continued to be statistically significant.Conclusion: Results of this study found that at the pick of the most recent economic crises there were equal odds of poor self-reported health among women and men residing in Gävleborg County. The observed association was to some extent explained by demographic, socioeconomic and health-related variables. Policymakers need to pay attention to the health status of those out of work, particularly during times of economic recession and hardship.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Berner, Logan T., et al.
(författare)
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The Arctic plant aboveground biomass synthesis dataset
- 2024
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Ingår i: Scientific Data. - : Springer Nature. - 2052-4463. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant biomass is a fundamental ecosystem attribute that is sensitive to rapid climatic changes occurring in the Arctic. Nevertheless, measuring plant biomass in the Arctic is logistically challenging and resource intensive. Lack of accessible field data hinders efforts to understand the amount, composition, distribution, and changes in plant biomass in these northern ecosystems. Here, we present The Arctic plant aboveground biomass synthesis dataset, which includes field measurements of lichen, bryophyte, herb, shrub, and/or tree aboveground biomass (g m−2) on 2,327 sample plots from 636 field sites in seven countries. We created the synthesis dataset by assembling and harmonizing 32 individual datasets. Aboveground biomass was primarily quantified by harvesting sample plots during mid- to late-summer, though tree and often tall shrub biomass were quantified using surveys and allometric models. Each biomass measurement is associated with metadata including sample date, location, method, data source, and other information. This unique dataset can be leveraged to monitor, map, and model plant biomass across the rapidly warming Arctic.
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| 8. |
- Boström, Pontus, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Cytosolic lipid droplets increase in size by microtubule-dependent complex formation
- 2005
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Ingår i: Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. - 1524-4636. ; 25:9, s. 1945-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Adipocyte differentiation-related protein (ADRP)-containing lipid droplets have an essential role in the development of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. Such droplets form in a cell-free system with a diameter of 0.1 to 0.4 microm, while the droplets present in cells vary in size, from small to very large, suggesting that the droplets can increase in size after being assembled. We have addressed this possibility. METHODS AND RESULTS: Experiments in NIH 3T3 cells demonstrated that the lipid droplets could increase in size independently of triglyceride biosynthesis. NIH 3T3 cells were either microinjected with ADRP-GFP (green fluorescent protein) or stained with Nile Red and followed by confocal microscopy and time-lapse recordings. The results showed that lipid droplets formed complexes with each other, with a volume equal to the sum of the merging particles. The formation of complexes could be inhibited by the nocodazole-induced depolymerization of the microtubules; thus, the process is dependent on microtubules. The presence of dynein on ADRP-containing droplets supports a role for this motor protein. CONCLUSIONS: Lipid droplets can grow after they have been assembled. This increase in size is independent of triglyceride biosynthesis and involves formation of complexes, which requires intact microtubules.
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| 9. |
- Boström, Pontus, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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SNARE proteins mediate fusion between cytosolic lipid droplets and are implicated in insulin sensitivity.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Nature cell biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-7392 .- 1476-4679. ; 9:11, s. 1286-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The accumulation of cytosolic lipid droplets in muscle and liver cells has been linked to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Such droplets are formed as small structures that increase in size through fusion, a process that is dependent on intact microtubules and the motor protein dynein. Approximately 15% of all droplets are involved in fusion processes at a given time. Here, we show that lipid droplets are associated with proteins involved in fusion processes in the cell: NSF (N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive-factor), alpha-SNAP (soluble NSF attachment protein) and the SNAREs (SNAP receptors), SNAP23 (synaptosomal-associated protein of 23 kDa), syntaxin-5 and VAMP4 (vesicle-associated membrane protein 4). Knockdown of the genes for SNAP23, syntaxin-5 or VAMP4, or microinjection of a dominant-negative mutant of alpha-SNAP, decreases the rate of fusion and the size of the lipid droplets. Thus, the SNARE system seems to have an important role in lipid droplet fusion. We also show that oleic acid treatment decreases the insulin sensitivity of heart muscle cells, and this sensitivity is completely restored by transfection with SNAP23. Thus, SNAP23 might be a link between insulin sensitivity and the inflow of fatty acids to the cell.
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| 10. |
- Crescitelli, Rossella, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Subpopulations of extracellular vesicles from human metastatic melanoma tissue identified by quantitative proteomics after optimized isolation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Extracellular Vesicles. - : Wiley. - 2001-3078. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The majority of extracellular vesicle (EV) studies conducted to date have been performed on cell lines with little knowledge on how well these represent the characteristics of EVs in vivo. The aim of this study was to establish a method to isolate and categorize subpopulations of EVs isolated directly from tumour tissue. First we established an isolation protocol for subpopulations of EVs from metastatic melanoma tissue, which included enzymatic treatment (collagenase D and DNase). Small and large EVs were isolated with differential ultracentrifugation, and these were further separated into high and low-density (HD and LD) fractions. All EV subpopulations were then analysed in depth using electron microscopy, Bioanalyzer (R), nanoparticle tracking analysis, and quantitative mass spectrometry analysis. Subpopulations of EVs with distinct size, morphology, and RNA and protein cargo could be isolated from the metastatic melanoma tissue. LD EVs showed an RNA profile with the presence of 18S and 28S ribosomal subunits. In contrast, HD EVs had RNA profiles with small or no peaks for ribosomal RNA subunits. Quantitative proteomics showed that several proteins such as flotillin-1 were enriched in both large and small LD EVs, while ADAM10 were exclusively enriched in small LD EVs. In contrast, mitofilin was enriched only in the large EVs. We conclude that enzymatic treatments improve EV isolation from dense fibrotic tissue without any apparent effect on molecular or morphological characteristics. By providing a detailed categorization of several subpopulations of EVs isolated directly from tumour tissues, we might better understand the function of EVs in tumour biology and their possible use in biomarker discovery.
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