| 1. |
- Andersson, Åsa, Professor, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects on serum protein levels from one bout of high intensity interval training in individuals with axial spondyloarthritis and controls
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease primarily affecting the axial skeleton causing pain, inflammation, and stiffness. Individuals with axSpA are at greater risk of developing cardiovascular disease, which can be counteracted by physical activity. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been shown to improve cardiovascular health, but the effect on disease activity and the level of inflammation in axSpA has been less studied. With the aim of investigating how levels of inflammatory cytokines, myokines, and protein markers for bone metabolism are acutely affected by one bout of HIIT, we studied serum from individuals with axSpA and healthy controls (HC).Methods: Ten participants with axSpA and 11 age- and sex-matched HC performed a single HIIT bout on a cycle ergometer: 4x4 minutes intervals with three minutes active rest in between. Blood samples were taken before and one hour after the HIIT bout. Serum proteins (IL-6, IL-17, IL-18, TNFa, CXCL-10, VEGF-A, BDNF, DKK-1, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, BMP-7, CRP) were analyzed with a Luminex system or ELISA. Descriptive data are presented as mean with standard deviation. A two-way ANOVA was used for comparisons.Results: A main effect from baseline to one hour post HIIT showed that both groups had a significant increase in serum levels (pg/ml) of IL-6: axSpA 2.2 (3.0) to 3.2 (1.8) and HC 0.4 (0.4) to 1.9 (2.0), p=0.03. VEGF-A (pg/ml) was significantly lower in the axSpA group: 159 (138) vs. HC 326 (184), p=0.03, but was not affected by the HIIT bout. BMP-7 (ng/ml) increased in both groups after the HIIT: axSpA 61.6 (13.1) to 75.2 (20.0) and HC 64.6 (20.8 to 75.0 (17.8), p<0.001. For the other proteins analyzed, there were no significant differences in serum concentrations between individuals with axSpA and HC, or within the two groups before and after one bout of HIIT.Conclusions: One acute bout of HIIT significantly increases the serum concentrations of IL-6 and BMP-7 after 1 hour in both individuals with axSpA and HC.© Research Square 2024
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Åsa, Professor, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Serum Protein Response To A Single High-Intensity Interval Training Bout – Comparison Between Individuals With Spondyloarthritis And Healthy Controls
- 2022
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - London : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 81:Suppl 1, s. 780-781
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting mainly the axial skeleton. To decrease the risk of cardiovascular comorbidity, aerobic training is recommended as a part of disease management in patients with axSpA. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) interventions are, in addition to other recommended treatments, believed to positively affect the disease activity (1). However, the knowledge about the acute effects of HIIT on the inflammatory process at the molecular level is less studied. Understanding the acute HIIT effects on cytokines and additional serum proteins in axSpA is important for further long-term HIIT interventions and recording of the effect of HIIT on the axSpA disease profile.ObjectivesTo study the acute effects on serum proteins, such as cytokines, myokines, and inflammatory- and bone-related proteins, in response to a single bout of HIIT, and to compare the levels between baseline and post-HIIT in patients with axSpA and healthy controls (HC).MethodsThe pilot study included twenty-one participants (10 female, 11 male), mean (SD) age 40 (7) years, ten with axSpA, and eleven age and sex matched HC, who performed a single HIIT on a cycle ergometer consisting of 4x4 minutes interval (90% heart rate, HR-max) with three minutes active rest in between (70% of HR-max). Disease activity (BASDAI, 0-10) in patients with axSpA was 1.6 (0.8). Health status EuroQol (EQ5D, 0-1) were 0.87 (0.11) for axSpA, and 0.93 (0.10) for HC. The groups were well matched with no difference in baseline data for weight, BMI, EQ5D, blood pressure or aerobic capacity.Blood samples were taken before (baseline) and one hour after the single HIIT. The following serum proteins were analyzed on a Luminex MAGPIX System (Luminex corporation, Austin, TX USA): Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, IL-18, TNFαAGPIX System (Luminex corporatiosteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and FGF-23. A three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to detect differences between groups, between sexes, and before and after a HIIT bout in a 2(group)*2(sex)*2(time) design. For main effects or interactions significant at p≤0.05, simple effect t-tests were used to determine the specific effects.ResultsA group main effect (p=0.048) showed that the serum level of IL-6 was increased one hour after the HIIT session primarily in the HC, 0.4 pg/ml (SD±0.4) at baseline vs. post-HIIT 1.8 (2.0). The concentration of the cytokines/chemokine IL-17, IL-18, TNFα group main effect (p=0.048) showed that the serum level of IL-6 was increased one hour after the HIIT session primarily in30) in VEGF-A showed that the axSpA group had significantly lower VEGF-A at baseline, 159 pg/ml (138) vs 326 (184) in the control group (which might be due to anti-inflammatory medication). A sex main effect (p=0.029) was observed from baseline to post-HIIT for the bone hormone osteocalcin, with a more pronounced decrease of serum osteocalcin in women with axSpA, 14.0 ng/ml (8.3) vs. post HIIT 13.2 (6.9). Moreover, the level of the multifunctional protein osteopontin was significantly lower (sex main effect, p=0.021) in women, 10.7 ng/ml (7.0) vs. men 20.4 (10.1), post-HIIT.ConclusionThis pilot study shows that one bout of HIIT influences the expression of proteins involved in inflammation and metabolism, and that sex is an important factor in the response to HIIT. The results should be followed up in longer intervention studies including higher numbers of participants.References[1]Sveaas, S. H. et al. (2019). High intensity exercise for 3 months reduces disease activity in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA): a multicentre randomised trial of 100 patients. British journal of sports medicine, 54(5), 292-297.Disclosure of InterestsÅsa Andersson: None declared, Emma Haglund Consultant of: Novartis, Emma Berthold: None declared, Elisabeth Mogard Consultant of: Novartis, Anna Torell: None declared, M Charlotte Olsson: None declared
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| 3. |
- Torell, Anna, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a digital-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention in individuals with axial spondyloarthritis – a randomized controlled pilot study (RCT)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases - The EULAR journal 2023. ; , s. 1049-1049
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Physical exercise is an important treatment for individuals with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Although high-intensity training (HIT) has been shown to reduce disease symptoms and risk of comorbidity without exacerbating disease activity (1), compliance tends to decrease over time. Increased knowledge is needed on how to optimize and tailor individual exercise programs for continued regular exercising and improved health.Objective: To study the effects of HIT on aerobic capacity, body composition, disease activity, physical function, health status and fatigue in individuals with axSpA after a 12-week intervention supported by digital coaching.Methods: Twenty-two individuals (women, n=12), recruited from two rheumatology clinics in southern Sweden, were randomized to a HIT intervention group (HG; n=11) or a control group (CG; n=11). The HG completed three HIT sessions/week, including two interval training sessions (4x4 min), in self-selected activities for 12 weeks. The individuals in the HG were individually coached and had regular support from a physical therapist primarily by digital coaching. The CG continued exercising as usual. Assessment of aerobic capacity (VO2max), body composition (BMI and visceral fat area [cm2]), disease activity (CRP [µg/ml], BASDAI, 0-10 best-worst), physical function (BASFI, 0-10 best-worst), health status (EQ5D, 0-1 worst-best, ASAS health index [ASAS-HI], 0-17 best-worst), and fatigue (fatigue severity scale [FFS], 0-7 best-worst) were sampled at baseline and after 12 weeks. Mean and standard deviation (SD) were used for descriptive statistics. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to investigate effect of group (HG*CG) and time (PRE*POST), with a post-hoc analysis using t-tests when ANOVA indicated a significant difference in main effects or interactions. A significance level of p≤0.05 was used. Fisher´s exact test was used to study the effects over time for CRP (as dichotomized variable, > or < 4 µg/ml).Results: Results presented are part of an ongoing RCT based on 19 individuals (women n=11) that have completed the 12-week follow-up analyses. The participants mean (SD) age was 48 (10) years, BMI 25 (4), VO2max 37 (6) mlO2/kg/min, and BASDAI 2.6 (0.3). No differences were present between the HG (n=9) and the CG group (n=10) at baseline for the studied variables. After 12 weeks of HIT an ANOVA interaction (p<0.05 showed that HG increased their VO2max (6.4 [3.6] mlO2/kg/min; p<0.001) but CG did not. For BMI, visceral fat area, disease activity (BASDAI), physical function (BASFI), fatigue (FFS) no differences in main effects or interactions were found (p>0.05). Health status (EQ5D) showed an ANOVA time main effect (p=0.007) where the HG increased their health status (0.10 [0.06] units; p=0.02) after 12-weeks, but CG did not. For health status measured with ASAS-HI no differences between groups were found. For dichotomized CRP-values no differences were found in either of the group’s pre-post. Conclusions: This pilot RCT shows that after 12 weeks of digital-based HIT intervention, the HG increased their aerobic capacity and EQ5D health status compared to CG, while body composition, disease activity, physical function, and fatigue did not show any significant differences between the groups. References(1) Sveaas SH, Bilberg a, Berg IJ, Provan SA, Rollefstad S, Semb AG, et al. high intensity exercise for 3 months reduces disease activity in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA): a multicentre randomised trial of 100 patients. Br J Sports med. 2019
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| 6. |
- Ek, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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Relative Age Effect of Sport Academy Adolescents, a Physiological Evaluation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Sports. - Basel : MDPI. - 2075-4663. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The relationship between birth quarter distribution and physiological characteristics related to athletic skills, in adolescent sport academy students has not been fully investigated. In a cross-sectional study, we recruited 86 boys and 52 girls aged 12-14 years during their first term at a sport academy school. We measured body size, cardiac size, pulmonary function, body composition, lower body power, cardiorespiratory fitness parameters, and running endurance by standard methods and analyzed these estimates in relation to birth quarter by ANOVA. Birth quarter distribution in our cohort was compared with birth quarter distribution in the same ages in the whole of Sweden and analyzed by logistic regression. The academy had an overrepresentation of students born in the first quartile of the year compared to those born in the last quartile (odds ratio 2.3 (95% CI: 1.1-4.7)). When comparing the physiological characteristics between birth quarters, uniformity is prominent since out of 26 performed physiological and anthropometric tests only four showed statistically significant group differences. We thus believe that the selection process to the sport academy favours athletes with higher chronological age, i.e., a so-called relative age effect is present. © 2020 MDPI (Basel, Switzerland).
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| 7. |
- Frandsen, Björn, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Hip and Trunk Muscle Electromyography Differences Between Bilateral and Unilateral Bodyweight Resistance Exercises
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- IntroductionIn sports, force production and movement are predominantly generated in a unilateral weight-bearing stance. Therefore, unilateral resistance training may possibly elicit more sport-specific strength gains compared to traditional bilateral strength training. Hip- and trunk- muscles stabilize the pelvis and trunk to maintain proper technique and posture in resistance training and are thought to play a central role in sports performance as well as injury prevention. Hip- and trunk- muscle activity increases as the body weight balance change from a bilateral to a unilateral stance. Little research has examined the magnitude of change in muscle activation differences between bilateral and unilateral stance in lower body exercises.AimThe aim of this study was to examine the electromyographic (EMG) activity in hip and trunk muscles in three bodyweight exercises performed in a bilateral and a unilateral stance.Methods14 healthy, young adults participated in a single session, single-group, observational study. Manual muscle testing was used to attain a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) value for gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, rectus abdominis, and erector spinae. EMG measurements (4 channel ME6000, MegaWin Software, Kuopio, Finland) were taken during performance of squat, bridge, and plank exercises in both a bilateral and a unilateral stance.ResultsIn all three exercises, EMG activity (presented as magnitude of change) was greater in the unilateral stance compared to the bilateral stance (p< 0.05), for the muscles gluteus medius (squat 478%, bridge 204%, plank 285%) and gluteus maximus (squat 371%, bridge 172%, plank 233%). In addition, in plank, EMG activity was greater in unilateral stance compared to the bilateral stance (p< 0.05) in rectus abdominis (120%) and erector spinae (127%). In the squat and bridge, no differences were identified in EMG activity for rectus abdominis and erector spinae between the bilateral and the unilateral stance.DiscussionNearly all unilateral exercises activated the hip muscles (gluteus medius, gluteus maximus) more than double compared to the same exercises performed bilaterally. In particular, gluteal muscle activity during the unilateral squat was more than 3.5 fold greater as compared to the bilateral stance. This greater magnitude of change in the unilateral squat might be explained by the single contact point with the ground in the squat, whereas the bridge and plank exercises include more ground contact points even in their unilateral stance. A unilateral training program including squat exercises might be beneficial for developing hip strength which is of great importance in sports performance.
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| 8. |
- Horwath, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Isokinetic resistance training combined with eccentric overload improves athletic performance and induces muscle hypertrophy in young ice hockey players.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. - Chatswood : Elsevier. - 1440-2440 .- 1878-1861. ; 22:7, s. 821-826
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To determine the combined effects of slow isokinetic resistance training and eccentric overload and compare it to traditional resistance training on strength, power, body composition and muscle hypertrophy in young ice hockey players.DESIGN: Experimental, randomized trial.METHODS: Twenty-two resistance-trained ice hockey players (18±1year) were assigned to either isokinetic resistance training and eccentric overload (ISO/ECC; n=11) or traditional resistance training (TRAD; n=11). Participants underwent supervised progressive resistance training for 8 weeks (2-3 sessions/week) involving lower body multiple-joint exercises (heavy squats and explosive jump squats). The ISO/ECC group performed their training using a computerized robotic engine system (1080 Quantum synchro, Sweden), whereas the TRAD group performed the same resistance exercises with isotonic loading. Before and after the intervention, participants were evaluated in 1RM back squat, loaded jump squats, sprint- and jump performance, body composition and muscle thickness using ultrasound measurement.RESULTS: Similar moderate increases in 1RM back squat and power output in the jump squats were found in both the ISO/ECC and TRAD groups (11-17%, P<0.01), whereas only the ISO/ECC group showed improvements in drop jump performance (9.8%, P=0.01). Moreover, similar trivial changes in body composition were observed in both groups, while only the ISO/ECC training group increased muscle thickness in the vastus intermedius (P=0.01) and rectus femoris muscles (P=0.03).CONCLUSIONS: Both modalities effectively increased maximal strength and power output, whereas isokinetic resistance training, combined with eccentric overload, improved drop jump performance and induced greater muscle hypertrophy than traditional training in young ice hockey players. © 2019 Sports Medicine Australia
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| 9. |
- Khan, Taha, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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A Novel Method for Classification of Running Fatigue Using Change-Point Segmentation
- 2019
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Ingår i: Sensors. - Basel : MDPI. - 1424-8220. ; 19:21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Blood lactate accumulation is a crucial fatigue indicator during sports training. Previous studies have predicted cycling fatigue using surface-electromyography (sEMG) to non-invasively estimate lactate concentration in blood. This study used sEMG to predict muscle fatigue while running and proposes a novel method for the automatic classification of running fatigue based on sEMG. Data were acquired from 12 runners during an incremental treadmill running-test using sEMG sensors placed on the vastus-lateralis, vastus-medialis, biceps-femoris, semitendinosus, and gastrocnemius muscles of the right and left legs. Blood lactate samples of each runner were collected every two minutes during the test. A change-point segmentation algorithm labeled each sample with a class of fatigue level as (1) aerobic, (2) anaerobic, or (3) recovery. Three separate random forest models were trained to classify fatigue using 36 frequency, 51 time-domain, and 36 time-event sEMG features. The models were optimized using a forward sequential feature elimination algorithm. Results showed that the random forest trained using distributive power frequency of the sEMG signal of the vastus-lateralis muscle alone could classify fatigue with high accuracy. Importantly for this feature, group-mean ranks were significantly different (p < 0.01) between fatigue classes. Findings support using this model for monitoring fatigue levels during running. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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| 10. |
- Kroos, G., et al.
(författare)
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Gene expression of angiogenic factors in muscle tissue during age-related development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats
- 2008
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Ingår i: Abstracts 25th Conference of the European Society for Microcirculation. - Basel : S. Karger. - 9783805586368 ; , s. 120-120
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Essential hypertension has been associated with capillary rarefaction but little is known about the cellular mechanisms underlying this process. We examined the gene expression of angiogenic factors during age-related development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Wild-type Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats served as controls. White gastrocnemius muscle was obtained and blood pressure was monitored at 5, 10 and 15 weeks of age. In the SHR group, systolic blood pressure increased from 5 to 10 and 15 weeks of age and the levels were higher than in the WKY group at 10 and 15 weeks (~70%; P<0.05). The mRNA content for MMP-2 was overall lower (P<0.05) in SHR compared to WKY. VEGFmRNA increased (p<0.05) from 5 to 10 weeks in SHR and there was a general increase (P<0.05) in the VEGF receptor flt-1. There was a trend for a lower content of eNOS and CYP 2C11 in the SHR than in WKY group. There were no alterations in the mRNA content of KDR, AMP 5'- nucleotidase, or Cytochrome P450 4A. The results show that the age-related development of hypertension from 5 to 15 weeks in SHR rats is not associated with major changes in mRNA content of the herein included angiogenic factors.
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