| 1. |
- Falkensjö, Sara, 1984, et al.
(författare)
-
Teachers' needs and agency in times of low-fee private schools: The case of Kenya
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Cogent Education. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2331-186X. ; 9:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The proliferation of low-fee private schools (LFPSs) in the global South is one manifestation of the marketization of education. LFPS literature on teachers emphasize exploitation, de-professionalization, and higher accountability, but teachers' own voice and representation has largely been absent. Based on interviews with 35 Kenyan LFPS and public-school teachers in one urban and one rural area, this paper partly fills this gap by investigating teachers' own experiences with marketization. The different teachers' needs and sense of professionalism showed great similarities, yet their type of employment shaped their work and agency. LFPSs alleviated public school (hereafter PS) overcrowding, but high pupil mobility in the education market affected teaching and learning in both LFPS and PSs negatively. LFPS teachers adopted strategies (teaching-to-the-test, deviating from pre-scripted lessons) to retain and attract pupils to keep their jobs.
|
|
| 2. |
- Heitz, Adeline, et al.
(författare)
-
Spatial patterns of logistics facilities in Gothenburg, Sweden
- 2016
-
Ingår i: 14th World Conference on Transport Research (WCTR) 2016, Shanghai, 10-15 July.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In recent years the location of logistics facilities, in particular with regard to “logistics sprawl”, has emerged as a topic in the literature. Logistics sprawl is a process of spatial deconcentration of logistics facilities in large metropolitan areas. The aim of this paper is to look at logistics sprawl patterns in Gothenburg, in the south-west of Sweden. Looking at a medium-size monocentric urban region which is also a major port gateway for the country, the Gothenburg study provides novel elements in the study of locational patterns of freight facilities in metropolitan areas. It also provides an opportunity to identify the role of freight in planning, land use and zoning policies. A literature review is carried out on the issues of freight and logistics facilities' locational patterns. Then we propose a quantitative analysis. We use databases from Swedish statistics about the number of establishments with a NACE code (European classification) related to logistics and we suggest a method to “clean” the database. We look at data at two different scales, one metropolitan and one for the larger region (Västra Götaland), for years 2000 and 2014, so a comparative and diachronical analysis is possible. In order to measure sprawl, we look at the average distance of warehouses to their centre of gravity. We add inputs from interviews made with transport and logistics providers in the region, showing the relative importance of some factors such as rental prices over others when deciding about the siting of logistics facilities. Logistics sprawl in Gothenburg occurs in specific ways, and differently at the two geographical levels of analysis.
|
|
| 3. |
- Heitz, Adeline, et al.
(författare)
-
Spatial patterns of logistics facilities in Gothenburg, Sweden
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Transport Geography. - : Elsevier BV. - 0966-6923. ; 88:October 2020
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, the location of logistics facilities, in particular with regard to “logistics sprawl,” has emerged as a topic in the literature that is, a process of spatial decentralisation of logistics facilities in large metropolitan areas. The aim of this paper is to look at logistics sprawl patterns in the Gothenburg metropolitan area, in the south-west of Sweden. Looking at a medium-size monocentric urban region that is also a major port gateway for the country, this study provides novel elements in the study of locational patterns of freight facilities in metropolitan areas. It also provides an opportunity to identify the role of freight in planning, land use and zoning policies. A literature review is carried out on the issues of freight and logistics facilities locational patterns. A quantitative analysis is proposed, using data from Swedish statistics about the number of establishments with a NACE code related to logistics, as well as an original method providing a “cleaned” and more comprehensive dataset. We look at data at two different scales, one metropolitan and one regional, for years 2000 and 2014, as to enable a comparative and diachronical analysis. Logistics sprawl is measured by the average distance of warehouses to their common centre of gravity. Finally, interviews with transport and logistics providers as well as real estate investors and public agencies in the region, add qualitative information on the relative importance of different location factors related to logistics facilities and the issues raised. Logistics sprawl in Gothenburg occurs in specific ways, and differently at the two geographical levels of analysis.
|
|
| 4. |
- K. Franck, Anja, 1973, et al.
(författare)
-
Missing women? The under-recording and under-reporting of women's work in Malaysia
- 2014
-
Ingår i: International labour review. - 0020-7780 .- 1564-913X. ; 153:2, s. 209-221
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Common methods to collect data on women’s labour force participation frequently result in under-reporting and under-recording of their work. Based on fieldwork in Malaysia’s Penang state, this article presents some of the difficulties associated with recording women’s informal work. It contributes to theorization on the under-reporting of women’s remunerative activities in official surveys by ar- guing that while women’s work is often devalued, under-reporting may also be the result of women making strategic and pragmatic choices. By reporting themselves as “housewives”, for example, they may avoid questioning their society’s gendered norms while securing their own interests in work outside the home.
|
|
| 5. |
- Larsson, Anders, 1961, et al.
(författare)
-
Potentials and limitations for the use of accessibility measures for national transport policy goals in freight transport and logistics: Evidence from Västra Götaland County, Sweden-
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Region. - : European Regional Science Association. - 2409-5370. ; 4:1, s. 71-92
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish national transport policy treats freight transport as a major facilitator of economic development at all geographical levels. It is simultaneously noted that methods and data for business location and transportation are inadequate for following up transport policy objectives. This paper reports on a pilot study of the potential to develop accessibility measures to support and follow up policy objectives in the Swedish context. The accessibility concept and its practical application in concrete measures are discussed and problematized. Several practical examples from Vastra Gotaland County are used as illustrations. In terms of results, the study identies several potentials and limitations of using accessibility measures to address freight transport issues. These measures' usefulness is driven mainly by the integration capability of transport and land use. This permits more complex questions and measures, supporting the integration between planning specializations. Limitations largely concern data availability and quality and the extent to which maps and measures can be communicated to non-experts. The concluding discussion highlights how the policy and governance context is central to understanding how best to utilize the potential strengths of the accessibility concept and related measures.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Olsson, Jerry, 1968
(författare)
-
Decentralization of governance and financing of public roads in the Philippines in the 1990s
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Philippine Journal of Development. - 0115-9143. ; 31:2, s. 247-275
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A major theoretical as well as political approach to transport infrastructure investment and management is the idea that such services are public goods and should not be subject to private market considerations. However, from time to time, public provision seems to fail, which increases the importance of various forms of private sector participation. Assessing the impact of devolution on the country's road infrastructure, the author underscores the lack of coherence in the design and redistribution of resources and responsibilities, which resulted in a coordination gap between national government agencies and local government units. An important insight is that the private provision of a public good may be feasible, for as long as its consumer-beneficiaries can be made to pay a use price, such that the revenue stream to the private provider is greater than the cost of construction, administration, and upkeep of the public good.
|
|
| 8. |
- Olsson, Jerry, 1968
(författare)
-
Effektivare urbana transportsystem. Om förutsättningarna för etablering av samlastningscentraler i Göteborgsregionen
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I den här studien har förutsättningarna att etablera samlastningscentraler avsedda för små lastbilsåkerier och bud-/kurirfirmor i Göteborgs Stad och Mölndals kommun som transporterar gods till detaljhandeln i Göteborgsregionen undersökts. Studien har genomförts genom en kartläggning och en enkätundersökning. Studien tog sin utgångspunkt i att det svenska transportsystemet under lång tid utsatts för ökad belastning då allt mindre gods transporteras allt längre avstånd i allt fler (lätta) lastbilar vars fyllnadsgrad minskat över tid. Denna utveckling påverkar inte bara individer, transportköpare och transportörer, utan även samhället i stort, då kapacitet och resurser som kunde användas mer effektivt går förlorade. Förutsättningarna i Göteborgsregionen En samlastningscentral är en anläggning där mindre godsenheter konsolideras och förs över till lastbilar med hög fyllnads-grad före transport till slutdestinationen. Syftet med en samlastningscentral är att transportera lika mycket gods med färre utförda fordonskilometer, vilket skulle effektivisera godstransporterna. Kart- läggningen visade att samlastnings-centraler teoretiskt skulle kunna etableras så att en stor majoritet av transportörerna skulle nå dem inom en relativt kort transporttid, vilket skulle kunna ge effektivare transporEffektivare urbana transportsystem. Om förutsättningarna för etablering av samlastningscentraler i Göteborgs-regionen. Samlastningscentraler kan effektivisera transporterna av gods till detaljhandeln. Men när det finns några få stora transportörer och ett flertal små samt att butikerna är utspridda är det svårt att hitta rätt läge. I Göteborgs-trakten finns det flera faktorer som gör etableringen av samlastningscentraler. Vidare skulle samlastning kunna minska den påverkan trafikträngseln idag har på leveranstider. Detaljhandelns ökade krav på snabba och frekventa leveranser skulle kunna underlättas av effektiva och väl fungerande samlastningscentraler. Men kartläggningar visar även på att det finns förutsättningar som motverkar etableringar av samlastningscentraler, nämligen: • Få transportörer transporterar gods till detaljhandeln och mindre än hälften av dessa har detaljhandeln som huvudmottagare. • Fyllnadsgraden är överlag hög i lastbärarna; i genomsnitt har två tredjedelar av transportörerna en fyllnadsgrad på mellan 70–100 procent vid transportruttens start. • Få transportörer (fyra stycken) står för 94 procent av godsmängden avsedd för detaljhandeln. • En fjärdedel av transportörerna utför 70 procent av fordonskilometrarna till detaljhandeln. • Nästan 70 procent av transportörerna är knutna till speditörer och lastbilscentraler, vilka inte tillåter samlastning med konkurrenter. • Livsmedel, vilka ofta kräver obrutna leveranskedjor, utgör den vanligaste varugruppen. • Lastbärarna skiljer sig åt i hög grad och används för vitt skilda transporter (paket-, stycke- och partigods, kort- och långväga, få respektive många leveransstopp per rutt). Enkätsvaren från transportörerna visade att möjligheterna att samlasta gods via en samlastningscentral är mycket begränsad idag. De förutsättningar som ansågs motverka samlastning via en samlastningscentral mest var följande: • Svårt att förändra transportköparnas (det vill säga mottagarnas) invanda beteenden. • Konkurrens mellan transportörer. • Leveranstiderna till mottagarna överensstämmer inte. • Osäkerhet att varor kommer fram till mottagarna i rätt tid. • Små tidsmässiga vinster för transportörerna. Det kan även vara svårt att identifiera den mest optimala lokaliseringen av samlastningscentralerna. Sammantaget visar studien alltså att samlastningscentraler, som vänder sig till små åkerier/kurirfirmor som levererar gods till detaljhandeln i Göteborgs-området, med största sannolikhet inte skulle bidra till någon effektivisering.
|
|
| 9. |
- Olsson, Jerry, 1968
(författare)
-
Improved road accessibility and indirect development effects: Evidence from rural Philippines
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Transport Geography. - : Elsevier BV. - 0966-6923. ; 17:6, s. 476-483
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper develops earlier conceptual frameworks and methods for analyzing the indirect development effects of improved road accessibility. The creation of economic opportunity and response to economic opportunity are the two concepts used in the theoretical framework, while time-series data, a road accessibility inventory, and a multi-criteria analysis were the methods used to analyse the indirect effects among households and household firms. A weakness of many impact studies is that they merely chart aggregate economic development. The method employed here includes access to resources by various groups and therefore enables the focus to shift from mere aggregate economic development to also encompass equitable and sustainable social development. The study focused on a rural Philippine fishing community, previously characterized by poor transport conditions and poor accessibility to major markets. It found that the benefits of the road improvement were considerable and benefited a great majority of the population in the fishing community. In addition to the extensive direct effects of the improved road, a number of complementary factors led to substantial indirect effects. These included: abundance of harvested resource in the community; a potential for technical innovations that increased production and productivity; available investment to support this increased production; abundant demand for this increased production in the market region (the market widened in spatial terms and prices were maintained).
|
|
| 10. |
- Olsson, Jerry, 1968, et al.
(författare)
-
Localisation of freight consolidation centres serving small road hauliers in a wider urban area: barriers for more efficient freight deliveries in Gothenburg
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of Transport Geography. - : Elsevier BV. - 0966-6923. ; 34, s. 25-33
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses the negative impacts of freight transport growth, especially in and around urban areas. Over time, a growing number of road freight vehicles have delivered less freight over longer distances, while average load factors have been reduced. This development is unsatisfactory, as transport capacity that could have been used more efficiently is lost. To mitigate negative impact, it has been suggested that freight consolidation and better planned localisation of freight consolidation centres (FCCs) would improve city logistics. Based on primary data, this paper investigates the potential to establish urban FCCs intended for small road hauliers (SRHs) delivering goods to the retail sector in a wider geographical area, the Gothenburg region in Sweden. While the findings show that a large majority of SRHs could reach potential FCC locations in a short time, congestion affects deliveries and several factors, many of which were observed already in the 1970s, restrict FCC establishments. Under present conditions, there is little scope for SRHs to successfully deliver goods to retailers in the Gothenburg region from FCCs; therefore, a more efficient urban transport system from a business or societal perspective is unlikely. Policy makers need to take into consideration the different segments, requirements, and characteristics of different cities before venturing into costly FCC projects.
|
|
