| 1. |
- Bastviken, David, et al.
(författare)
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Critical method needs in measuring greenhouse gas fluxes
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environmental Research Letters. - : IOP Publishing Ltd. - 1748-9326. ; 17:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reaching climate goals depends on appropriate and accurate methods to quantify greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes and to verify that efforts to mitigate GHG emissions are effective. We here highlight critical advantages, limitations, and needs regarding GHG flux measurement methods, identified from an analysis of >13 500 scientific publications regarding three long-lived GHGs, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). While existing methods are well-suited for assessing atmospheric changes and local fluxes, they are expensive and have limited accessibility. Further, we are typically forced to choose between methods for very local GHG sources and sinks and their regulation (m(2)-scaled measurements), or methods for aggregated net fluxes at >ha or km(2) scales measurements. The results highlight the key need of accessible and affordable GHG flux measurement methods for the many flux types not quantifiable from fossil fuel use, to better verify inventories and mitigation efforts for transparency and accountability under the Paris agreement. The situation also calls for novel methods, capable of quantifying large scale GHG flux patterns while simultaneously distinguishing local source and sink dynamics and reveal flux regulation, representing key knowledge for quantitative GHG flux modeling. Possible strategies to address the identified GHG flux measurement method needs are discussed. The analysis also generated indications of how GHG flux measurements have been distributed geographically and across flux types, which are reported.
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| 2. |
- Bastviken, David, Professor, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring greenhouse gas fluxes : what methods do we have versus what methods do we need?
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Appropriate methods to measure greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes are critical for our ability to detect fluxes, understand regulation, make adequate priorities for climate change mitigation efforts, and verify that these efforts are effective. Ideally, we need reliable, accessible, and affordable measurements at relevant scales. We surveyed present GHG flux measurement methods, identified from an analysis of >11000 scientific publications and a questionnaire to sector professionals and analysed method pros and cons versus needs for novel methodology. While existing methods are well-suited for addressing certain questions, this presentation presents fundamental limitations relative to GHG flux measurement needs for verifiable and transparent action to mitigate many types of emissions. Cost and non-academic accessibility are key aspects, along with fundamental measurement performance. These method limitations contribute to the difficulties in verifying GHG mitigation efforts for transparency and accountability under the Paris agreement. Resolving this mismatch between method capacity and societal needs is urgently needed for effective climate mitigation. This type of methodological mismatch is common but seems to get high priority in other knowledge domains. The obvious need to prioritize development of accurate diagnosis methods for effective treatments in healthcare is one example. This presentation provides guidance regarding the need to prioritize the development of novel GHG flux measurement methods.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bohman, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Decision support for Adaptive Action : Assessing the potential of Geographic Visualization
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Planning and Management. - : Routledge. - 0964-0568 .- 1360-0559. ; 58:12, s. 2193-2211
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores the role of geographic visualization for supporting theimplementation of climate change adaptation. Interviews and group discussions withplanners and decision makers indicate that geographic visualization bears primarypotential for communicative purposes. In order to respond to analytical needs a highlevel of interactivity including the exploration of background data and the ability tolink the tools with own databases were some of the key requirements made by theparticipants. The study concludes that more than better climate predictions, awarenessand involvement may be precisely what is needed to narrow the implementation gapin climate change adaptation
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| 5. |
- Glaas, Erik, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Development and user testing of the ICT-platform Visual Water supporting sustainable municipal stormwater planning
- 2022
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Ingår i: Urban Water Journal. - : Taylor & Francis Ltd. - 1573-062X .- 1744-9006. ; 19:9, s. 962-974
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The need to develop sustainable stormwater management is intensifying due to climate impacts and urban densification. Such complex planning processes require insights into disparate issues, connecting heterogeneous actors. While many decision-support tools are developed to facilitate such planning, research assessing their usefulness is requested. This study introduces and assesses one such ICT-tool; the Visual Water platform, aiming to support sustainable stormwater planning in Swedish municipalities. The study aims to identify critical points to consider for developers of related decision-support tools and to detangle requirements and tradeoffs in making them relevant and user-friendly, building on test-sessions with Swedish practitioners. Results show that the platform responds to challenges within municipal planning as outlined by Swedish practitioners. However, though the platform content is considered relevant, its application in real-world planning is perceived as somewhat unclear. The paper discusses ideas for how sustainability-related decision-support tools better can respond to user demands.
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| 6. |
- Glaas, Erik, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Facilitating climate change adaptation through communication : Insights from the development of a visualization tool
- 2015
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Ingår i: Energy Research and Social Science. - : Elsevier. - 2214-6296. ; 10, s. 57-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change communication on anticipated impacts and adaptive responses is frequently presentedas an effective means to facilitate implementation of adaptation to mitigate risks to residential buildings.However, it requires that communication is developed in a way that resonates with the context of thetarget audience, provides intelligible information and addresses perceived barriers to adaptation. In thispaper we reflect upon criteria for useful climate change communication gained over a three year developmentprocess of a web-based tool – VisAdaptTM – aimed at increasing the adaptive capacity amongNordic homeowners. Based on the results from continuous user-testing and focus group interviews weoutline lessons learned and key aspects to consider in the design of tools for communicating complexissues such as climate change effects and adaptive response measures.
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| 7. |
- Golebiowska, Izabela, et al.
(författare)
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Breaking the Eyes: How Do Users Get Started with a Coordinated and Multiple View Geovisualization Tool?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cartographic Journal. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0008-7041 .- 1743-2774. ; 57:3, s. 235-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maps are frequently combined with data displays in the form of coordinated and multiple views (CMV). Although CMV are valuable geovisualization tools, novice users may find them complex and thus require explanation. However, no tutorial guidelines have been developed that indicate what is helpful in understanding CMV geovisualization tools. We therefore conducted a study on the learnability of a CMV tool, informed with eye-tracking data, talk-aloud and interaction logs. We have investigated how untrained users work with a CMV geovisualization tool. The study revealed that: (1) despite their initial confusion, users found the tested tool pleasant to play with while getting to grips with how dynamic brushing works, (2) when examining the tools interface, participants mainly looked freely at explanatory elements, such as labels and the legend, but they explored interactive techniques only to a limited degree. We conclude with tips about tutorial design and layout design for CMV tools.
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| 8. |
- Hjerpe, Mattias, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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A systematic approach for assessing climate vulnerabilities and adaptation options in large property portfolios : influences on property owners’ transformative capacity
- 2020
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Ingår i: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 1755-1307 .- 1755-1315.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change and urban densification pose major challenges to the built environment. In Swedish cities, fluvial and pluvial floods risk being aggravated, necessitating adaptation efforts to make the build environment more resilient. A recent governmental inquirystates that owners are primarily responsible for adapting their property, and that the existing built environment is particularly tricky. Property owners often lack tools and approaches to strategically adapt to climate risks. This paper presents and tests a structured approach intended for large property owners to assess and visualize flood vulnerability in both individual buildings and the property portfolio, and organizational adaptive responses. The approach was developed and tested using the municipal housing company Hyresbostäder in Norrköping, Sweden as case. The study builds on workshops with staff, a systematic flood vulnerability mapping of 575 buildings, and in-situ inspections of the 85 most vulnerable buildings. The vulnerability and need for adaptation of individual buildings were visualized on a map, and adaptive avenues were identified. The approach was found useful for identifying the most vulnerable buildings, concrete adaptation measures and five broad adaptation avenues: riskfocused adaptation investments, area-focused adaptation, regular inspection and maintenance, informed collaboration and tenant dialogues. The property owner’s transformative capacity was improved by creating a shared vision, empowerment and learning, innovation capacity, gaining overview supporting transformative leadership and external cooperation likely to contribute to meeting SDGs 13 and 11. In further studies the approach will be tested by other large property owners under limited research support.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Jimmy, et al.
(författare)
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VisAdapt: A Visualization Tool to Support Climate Change Adaptation
- 2017
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Ingår i: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0272-1716 .- 1558-1756. ; 37:2, s. 54-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Web-based visualization VisAdapt tool was developed to help laypeople in the Nordic countries assess how anticipated climate change will impact their homes. The tool guides users through a three-step visual process that helps them explore risks and identify adaptive actions specifically modified to their location and house type. This article walks through the tool's multistep, user-centered design process. Although VisAdapt's target end users are Nordic homeowners, the insights gained from the development process and the lessons learned from the project are applicable to a wide range of domains.
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Jimmy, et al.
(författare)
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VisAdapt-Increasing Nordic Houseowners' Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change
- 2014
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Ingår i: 2014 IEEE Conference on Visual Analytics Science and Technology (VAST). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781479962273 ; , s. 255-256
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This poster presents the design and implementation of the web-based visual analytics tool VisAdapt which allows houseowners in the Nordic countries to assess potential climate related risk factors that may have an impact on their living conditions, and to get an overview of existing guidelines of how to adapt to climate change and extreme weather effects.
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