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- Adolfsson, Peter, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Continuous Glucose Monitoring-A Study of the Enlite Sensor During Hypo- and Hyperbaric Conditions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics. - New Rochelle, USA : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1520-9156 .- 1557-8593. ; 14:6, s. 527-532
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The performance and accuracy of the Enlite (TM) (Medtronic, Inc., Northridge, CA) sensor may be affected by microbubble formation at the electrode surface during hypo- and hyperbaric conditions. The effects of acute pressure changes and of prewetting of sensors were investigated. Materials and Methods: On Day 1, 24 sensors were inserted on the right side of the abdomen and back in one healthy individual; 12 were prewetted with saline solution, and 12 were inserted dry. On Day 2, this procedure was repeated on the left side. All sensors were attached to an iPro continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) recorder. Hypobaric and hyperbaric tests were conducted in a pressure chamber, with each test lasting 105 min. Plasma glucose values were obtained at 5-min intervals with a HemoCue (R) (Angelholm, Sweden) model 201 glucose analyzer for comparison with sensor glucose values. Results: Ninety percent of the CGM systems operated during the tests. The mean absolute relative difference was lower during hyperbaric than hypobaric conditions (6.7% vs. 14.9%, P<0.001). Sensor sensitivity was slightly decreased (P<0.05) during hypobaric but not during hyperbaric conditions. Clarke Error Grid Analysis showed that 100% of the values were found in the A+B region. No differences were found between prewetted and dry sensors. Conclusions: The Enlite sensor performed adequately during acute pressure changes and was more accurate during hyperbaric than hypobaric conditions. Prewetting the sensors did not improve accuracy. Further studies on type 1 diabetes subjects are needed under various pressure conditions.
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| 2. |
- Adolfsson, Peter, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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In-vitro performance of the Enlite sensor in various glucose concentrations during hypobaric and hyperbaric conditions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology. - Thousand Oaks, USA : Sage Publications. - 1932-2968. ; 6:6, s. 1375-1382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is a need for reliable methods of glucose measurement in different environmental conditions. The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the performance of the Enlite® Sensor when connected to either the iPro™ Continuous Glucose Monitor recording device or the Guardian® REAL-Time transmitting device, in hypobaric and hyperbaric conditions.Methods: Sixteen sensors connected to eight iPro devices and eight Guardian REAL-Time devices were immersed in three beakers containing separate glucose concentrations: 52, 88, and 207 mg/dl (2.9, 4.9, and 11.3 mmol/liter). Two different pressure tests were conducted: a hypobaric test, corresponding to maximum 18000 ft/5500 m height, and a hyperbaric test, corresponding to maximum 100 ft/30 m depth. The linearity of the sensor signals in the different conditions was evaluated.Results: The sensors worked continuously, and the sensor signals were collected without interruption at all pressures tested. When comparing the input signals for glucose (ISIGs) and the different glucose concentrations during altered pressure, linearity (R(2)) of 0.98 was found. During the hypobaric test, significant differences (p < .005) were seen when comparing the ISIGs during varying pressure at two of the glucose concentrations (52 and 207 mg/dl), whereas no difference was seen at the 88 mg/dl glucose concentration. During the hyperbaric test, no differences were found.Conclusions: The Enlite Sensors connected to either the iPro or the Guardian REAL-Time device provided values continuously. In hyperbaric conditions, no significant differences were seen during changes in ambient pressure; however, during hypobaric conditions, the ISIG was significantly different in the low and high glucose concentrations.
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| 3. |
- Jendle, Johan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Swedish recommendations on recreational diving and diabetes mellitus.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Diving and hyperbaric medicine : the journal of the South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society. - Melbourne, Australia : South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Inc.. - 1833-3516. ; 42:4, s. 231-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Divers from many countries travel to explore various diving sites worldwide. In 2005, the Divers Alert Network (DAN) wrote guidelines for recreational diving and diabetes mellitus, but there is no up-to-date consensus or adoption of international guidelines on diabetes and diving. There are also large differences between the regulations in different countries. This is potentially both a medical and an insurance problem for a diver with diabetes. We present the current Swedish recommendations for recreational divers with Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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