| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Al-Khalili, Lubna, et al.
(författare)
-
Profiling of human myotubes reveals an intrinsic proteomic signature associated with type 2 diabetes
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Translational Proteomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-9634 .- 2212-9626. ; 2:1, s. 25-38
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) involves a complex array of metabolic defects in skeletal muscle. An in vitro cell culture system excludes the acute effects of external systemic factors existing in vivo. Thus, we aimed to determine whether intrinsic differences in the protein profile exist in cultured myotubes derived from T2D versus normal glucose tolerant (NGT) healthy people. Applying two dimensional difference gel electrophoresis technology (2-D DIGE), the abundance of 47 proteins differed in myotubes derived from T2D patients versus NGT donors. Proteins involved in fatty acid and amino acid metabolism, TCA cycle, mitochondrial function, mRNA processing, DNA repair and cell survival showed higher abundance, while proteins associated with redox signaling (PARK7; Parkinson disease 7), glutathione metabolism (glutathione S-transferase, GST, isoforms T1, P1 and M2), and protein dynamics (heat shock protein, HSP, isoform B1 and 90A) showed reduced abundance in myotubes derived from T2D versus NGT donors. Consistent with our proteome analysis results, the level of total glutathione was reduced in myotubes obtained from T2D versus NGT donors. Taken together, our data provide evidence for intrinsic differences in the profile of proteins involved in energy metabolism, cellular oxidative stress, protein dynamics and gene regulation in myotubes derived from T2D patients. These differences thereby suggest a genetic or epigenetic influence on protein content level, which can be further investigated to understand the molecular underpinnings of T2D progression and lead to new therapeutic approaches.
|
|
| 3. |
- Al-Khalili, L, et al.
(författare)
-
Proteasome inhibition in skeletal muscle cells unmasks metabolic derangements in type 2 diabetes
- 2014
-
Ingår i: American journal of physiology. Cell physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 1522-1563 .- 0363-6143. ; 307:9, s. C774-C787
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE)-based proteome analysis has revealed intrinsic insulin resistance in myotubes derived from type 2 diabetic patients. Using 2-D DIGE-based proteome analysis, we identified a subset of insulin-resistant proteins involved in protein turnover in skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic patients, suggesting aberrant regulation of the protein homeostasis maintenance system underlying metabolic disease. We then validated the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in myotubes to investigate whether impaired proteasome function may lead to metabolic arrest or insulin resistance. Myotubes derived from muscle biopsies obtained from people with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) or type 2 diabetes were exposed to the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib (BZ; Velcade) without or with insulin. BZ exposure increased protein carbonylation and lactate production yet impaired protein synthesis and UPS function in myotubes from type 2 diabetic patients, marking the existence of an insulin-resistant signature that was retained in cultured myotubes. In conclusion, BZ treatment further exacerbates insulin resistance and unmasks intrinsic features of metabolic disease in myotubes derived from type 2 diabetic patients. Our results highlight the existence of a confounding inherent abnormality in cellular protein dynamics in metabolic disease, which is uncovered through concurrent inhibition of the proteasome system.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Lam, Y. Y., et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of dietary fat profile on gut permeability and microbiota and their relationships with metabolic changes in mice
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Obesity. - : Wiley. - 1930-7381. ; 23:7, s. 1429-1439
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveTo distinguish the effects of dietary fat profile on gut parameters and their relationships with metabolic changes and to determine the capacity of n-3 fatty acids to modify gut variables in the context of diet-induced metabolic dysfunctions. MethodsMice received control or high-fat diets emphasizing saturated (HFD-sat), n-6 (HFD-n6), or n-3 (HFD-n3) fatty acids for 8 weeks. In another cohort, mice that were maintained on HFD-sat received n-3-rich fish oil or resolvin D1 supplementation. ResultsHFD-sat and HFD-n6 induced similar weight gain, but only HFD-sat increased index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), colonic permeability, and mesenteric fat inflammation. Hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria were one of the major groups driving the diet-specific changes in gut microbiome, with the overall microbial profile being associated with changes in body weight, HOMA-IR, and gut permeability. In mice maintained on HFD-sat, fish oil and resolvin D1 restored barrier function and reduced inflammation in the colon but were unable to normalize HOMA-IR. ConclusionsDifferent dietary fat profiles led to distinct intestinal and metabolic outcomes that are independent of obesity. Interventions targeting inflammation successfully restored gut health but did not reverse systemic aspects of diet-induced metabolic dysfunction, implicating separation between gut dysfunctions and disease-initiating and/or -maintaining processes.
|
|
| 6. |
- Leonsson, M, et al.
(författare)
-
Increased Interleukin-6 levels in pituitary-deficient patients are independently related to their carotid intima-media thickness.
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Clinical endocrinology. - 0300-0664. ; 59:2, s. 242-50
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has been observed in patients with pituitary deficiency and untreated growth hormone deficiency (GHD). We investigated peripheral inflammatory and fibrinolytic markers and their associations with arterial intima-media thickness (IMT) in GHD.Cross-sectional study.Thirty-four patients with GHD, but without cardiovascular disease, were compared to healthy controls matched for age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and smoking habits.IMT of the common carotid artery, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity and tissue plasminogen activator antigen (tPA-ag) were measured.Median IL-6 concentrations were increased by 208% and 248% in GHD patients compared to BMI-matched and nonobese controls, respectively. Median CRP and tPA-ag levels were increased by 237% and 167% in patients compared to nonobese controls, but not significantly different compared to BMI-matched controls. Plasma levels of fibrinogen and PAI-1 activity did not differ between groups. Age, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, tPA-ag and IL-6 were positively correlated, and IGF-I was negatively correlated to IMT in the patient group, but only age and IL-6 were independently related to IMT.IL-6 concentrations were increased in GHD patients compared to controls and independently related to IMT in patients. This finding may help to explain the variance in IMT and the increased vascular morbidity and mortality in hypopituitary patients with GHD.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Kjellberg, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Randomised, controlled, open label, multicentre clinical trial to explore safety and efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen for preventing ICU admission, morbidity and mortality in adult patients with COVID-19
- 2021
-
Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 11:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction COVID-19 may cause severe pneumonitis and trigger a massive inflammatory response that requires ventilatory support. The intensive care unit (ICU)-mortality has been reported to be as high as 62%. Dexamethasone is the only of all anti-inflammatory drugs that have been tested to date that has shown a positive effect on mortality. We aim to explore if treatment with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) is safe and effective for patients with severe COVID-19. Our hypothesis is that HBO can prevent ICU admission, morbidity and mortality by attenuating the inflammatory response. The primary objective is to evaluate if HBO reduces the number of ICU admissions compared with best practice treatment for COVID-19, main secondary objectives are to evaluate if HBO reduces the load on ICU resources, morbidity and mortality and to evaluate if HBO mitigates the inflammatory reaction in COVID-19. Methods and analysis A randomised, controlled, phase II, open label, multicentre trial. 200 subjects with severe COVID-19 and at least two risk factors for mortality will be included. Baseline clinical data and blood samples will be collected before randomisation and repeated daily for 7 days, at days 14 and 30. Subjects will be randomised with a computer-based system to HBO, maximum five times during the first 7 days plus best practice treatment or only best practice treatment. The primary endpoint, ICU admission, is defined by criteria for selection for ICU. We will evaluate if HBO mitigates the inflammatory reaction in COVID-19 using molecular analyses. All parameters are recorded in an electronic case report form. An independent Data Safety Monitoring Board will review the safety parameters. Ethics and dissemination The trial is approved by The National Institutional Review Board in Sweden (2020-01705) and the Swedish Medical Product Agency (5.1-2020-36673). Positive, negative and any inconclusive results will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals with open access.
|
|
| 10. |
- Mulder, Skander, et al.
(författare)
-
A metabolomics-based molecular pathway analysis of how the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin may slow kidney function decline in patients with diabetes
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Diabetes, obesity and metabolism. - : WILEY. - 1462-8902 .- 1463-1326. ; 22:7, s. 1157-1166
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To investigate which metabolic pathways are targeted by the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor dapagliflozin to explore the molecular processes involved in its renal protective effects. Methods An unbiased mass spectrometry plasma metabolomics assay was performed on baseline and follow-up (week 12) samples from the EFFECT II trial in patients with type 2 diabetes with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease receiving dapagliflozin 10 mg/day (n = 19) or placebo (n = 6). Transcriptomic signatures from tubular compartments were identified from kidney biopsies collected from patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) (n = 17) and healthy controls (n = 30) from the European Renal cDNA Biobank. Serum metabolites that significantly changed after 12 weeks of dapagliflozin were mapped to a metabolite-protein interaction network. These proteins were then linked with intra-renal transcripts that were associated with DKD or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The impacted metabolites and their protein-coding transcripts were analysed for enriched pathways. Results Of all measured (n = 812) metabolites, 108 changed (P < 0.05) during dapagliflozin treatment and 74 could be linked to 367 unique proteins/genes. Intra-renal mRNA expression analysis of the genes encoding the metabolite-associated proteins using kidney biopsies resulted in 105 genes that were significantly associated with eGFR in patients with DKD, and 135 genes that were differentially expressed between patients with DKD and controls. The combination of metabolites and transcripts identified four enriched pathways that were affected by dapagliflozin and associated with eGFR: glycine degradation (mitochondrial function), TCA cycle II (energy metabolism), L-carnitine biosynthesis (energy metabolism) and superpathway of citrulline metabolism (nitric oxide synthase and endothelial function). Conclusion The observed molecular pathways targeted by dapagliflozin and associated with DKD suggest that modifying molecular processes related to energy metabolism, mitochondrial function and endothelial function may contribute to its renal protective effect.
|
|
