| 1. |
- Einarsdottir, Elisabet, et al.
(författare)
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IL23R in the Swedish, Finnish, Hungarian and Italian populations : association with IBD and psoriasis, and linkage to celiac disease
- 2009
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2350. ; 10:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Association of the interleukin-23 receptor (IL23R) with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been confirmed in several populations. IL23R also associates with psoriasis, suggesting that the gene may be an important candidate for many chronic inflammatory diseases.METHODS: We studied association of single-nucleotide variants in IL23R with IBD in Swedish patients, in both Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) subsets. The same genetic variants were also studied in Finnish patients with psoriasis or celiac disease, and in Hungarian and Italian patients with celiac disease.RESULTS: Association of IL23R with IBD was replicated in our Swedish patients, and linkage and association of the IL23R region with psoriasis was found in the Finnish population. The IL23R region was also linked to celiac disease in Finnish families, but no association of IL23R variants with celiac disease was found in the Finnish, Hungarian or Italian samples.CONCLUSION: Our study is the first to demonstrate association of IL23R with CD and UC in Swedish patients with IBD. It is also the first study to report linkage and association of the IL23R region with psoriasis in the Finnish population. Importantly, this is the first report of linkage of the IL23R region to celiac disease, a chronic inflammatory condition in which IL23R has not been previously implicated.
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| 2. |
- Mousavi, Mahmoud, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of a cracked concrete containing an inclusion with inhomogeneously imperfect interface
- 2015
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Ingår i: Mechanics research communications. - : Elsevier. - 0093-6413 .- 1873-3972. ; 63, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract The distributed dislocation technique is applied to determine the behavior of a cracked concrete matrix containing an inclusion. The analysis of cracked concrete in the presence of inclusions such as steel expansions is a practical problem that needs special attention. The solution to the problem of interaction of an edge dislocation with a circular inclusion having circumferentially inhomogeneously imperfect interface is available in the literature. This analytical solution is used in the distributed dislocation technique to obtain the stress intensity factor for the cracked concrete in the presence of inclusion. The interface of the matrix and the inclusion is assumed inhomogeneously imperfect and the stress intensity factor is determined for the cracked concrete for a case of two identical cracks on diametrically opposite sides of the inclusion. Consideration of this general inhomogeneously imperfect interface is the contribution of this paper. The variation of the inhomogeneity parameters is studied and presented. Additionally, the general assumption for the interface is simplified to the special case of perfectly bonded interface. The observations for the perfect interface are coincident with the previously reported results.
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| 3. |
- Mousavi, Mahmoud, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of cracked functionally graded piezoelectric strip
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Solids and Structures. - : Elsevier BV. - 0020-7683 .- 1879-2146. ; 50:14-15, s. 2449-2456
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract The fracture behavior of a cracked strip under antiplane mechanical and inplane electrical loading is studied. A functionally graded piezoelectric strip with exponential material gradation is under consideration. The mechanical and electrical loading is combined via loading coupling factor. The problem of a graded piezoelectric strip containing a screw dislocation is solved. This solution results in stress and electric displacement components with Cauchy singularity. Based on the solution achieved for the dislocation, the distributed dislocation technique (DDT) is utilized to form any geometry of multiple cracks and analyze the behavior of a cracked strip under antiplane mechanical and inplane electrical loading. This technique is capable of the analysis of a strip with a system of interacting cracks. Several examples including strips with single crack, two straight cracks and two curved cracks are presented.
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| 4. |
- Mousavi, Mahmoud, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of functionally graded magneto-electro-elastic layer with multiple cracks
- 2013
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Ingår i: Theoretical and applied fracture mechanics (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0167-8442 .- 1872-7638. ; 66, s. 1-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract In this paper, the distributed dislocation technique (DDT) is developed to be utilized for the analysis of a cracked functionally graded piezoelectric-€“piezomagnetic (FGPP) layer under anti-plane mechanical and in-plane electric and magnetic fields. By using the Fourier transformation, the closed-form expressions for the shear stress, electric displacement and magnetic displacement components are obtained for a generalized Volterra-type screw dislocation. The generalized dislocation in FGPP layer contains dislocation in the displacement component and jump in the electric and magnetic potentials. The expressions of generalized stress intensity factor are derived in the DDT. The solution of the dislocation problem is utilized in the DDT to solve the problem of arbitrary configurations of multiple embedded and edge cracks. The generalized intensity factors of the cracked layer are obtained. Numerical results for generalized intensity factors of straight and curved cracks are presented. The DDT is proved to be useful in the analysis of the interaction of the embedded and edge cracks in an FGPP layer.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Mousavi, Mahmoud, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Cracks in strain gradient elasticity-distributed dislocation technique
- 2014
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Ingår i: 20TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON FRACTURE. - : Elsevier. ; , s. 77-82
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mode III fracture analysis of graded cracked plane in the framework of classical and strain gradient elasticity is presented in this work. Solutions to the problem of screw dislocation in plane are available for classical and strain gradient elasticity theories. Different approaches for the formulation of the strain gradient theory, especially considering the boundary conditions, result in singular and nonsingular stress fields at the crack tip. One of the applications of the dislocation is the analysis of cracked medium via the Distributed Dislocation Technique (DDT). The DDT has been applied extensively in the framework of the classical elasticity. In this article, this technique is generalized for the nonsingular strain gradient elasticity formulation available in the literature. For a system of interacting cracks in classical elasticity, DDT results in a system of Cauchy singular integral equations. In the framework of the gradient elasticity, due to the regularization of the classical singularity, a system of nonsingular integral equations is obtained. Plane with one crack is studied and the singular stress distribution in the classical elasticity is compared with the nonsingular stress components in gradient elasticity theories. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
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| 7. |
- Mousavi, Mahmoud, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Distributed non-singular dislocation technique for cracks in strain gradient elasticity
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 2191-0243 .- 2191-0243 .- 0334-8938.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mode III fracture analysis of a cracked graded plane in the framework of classical, first strain gradient, and second strain gradient elasticity is presented in this paper. Solutions to the problem of screw dislocation in graded materials are available in the literature. These solutions include various frameworks such as classical elasticity, and the first strain and second strain gradient elasticity theories. One of the applications of dislocations is the analysis of a cracked medium through distributed dislocation technique. In this article, this technique is used for the mode III fracture analysis of a graded medium in classical elasticity, which results in a system of Cauchy singular integral equations for multiple interacting cracks. Furthermore, the technique is modified for gradient elasticity. Owing to the regularization of the classical singularity, a system of non-singular integral equations is obtained in gradient elasticity. A plane with one crack is studied, and the stress distribution in classical elasticity is compared with those in gradient elasticity theories. The effects of the internal lengths, introduced in gradient elasticity theories, are investigated. Additionally, a plane with two cracks is studied to elaborate the interactions of multiple cracks in both the classical and gradient theories.
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| 8. |
- Mousavi, Mahmoud, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Variational approach to dynamic analysis of third-order shear deformable plates within gradient elasticity
- 2015
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Ingår i: Meccanica (Milano. Print). - : Springer. - 0025-6455 .- 1572-9648. ; 50:6, s. 1537-1550
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A variational approach based on Hamilton’s principle is used to develop the governing equations for the dynamic analysis of plates using the Reddy third-order shear deformable plate theory with strain gradient and velocity gradient. The plate is made of homogeneous and isotropic elastic material. The stain energy, kinetic energy, and the external work are generalized to capture the gradient elasticity (i.e., size effect) in plates modeled using the third-order shear deformation theory. In this framework, both strain and velocity gradients are included in the strain energy and kinetic energy expressions, respectively. The equations of motion are derived, along with the consistent boundary equations. Finally, the resulting third-order shear deformation (strain and velocity) gradient plate theory is specialized to the first-order and classical strain gradient plate theories.
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| 9. |
- Paavola, Mika, et al.
(författare)
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Subacromial decompression versus diagnostic arthroscopy for shoulder impingement : randomised, placebo surgery controlled clinical trial
- 2018
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Ingår i: British Medical Journal. - : BMJ. - 0959-8138. ; 362, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of arthroscopic subacromial decompression (ASD) by comparing it with diagnostic arthroscopy, a placebo surgical intervention, and with a non-operative alternative, exercise therapy, in a more pragmatic setting. DESIGN: Multicentre, three group, randomised, double blind, sham controlled trial. SETTING: Orthopaedic departments at three public hospitals in Finland. PARTICIPANTS: 210 patients with symptoms consistent with shoulder impingement syndrome, enrolled from 1 February 2005 with two year follow-up completed by 25 June 2015. INTERVENTIONS: ASD, diagnostic arthroscopy (placebo control), and exercise therapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Shoulder pain at rest and on arm activity (visual analogue scale (VAS) from 0 to 100, with 0 denoting no pain), at 24 months. The threshold for minimal clinically important difference was set at 15. RESULTS: In the primary intention to treat analysis (ASD versus diagnostic arthroscopy), no clinically relevant between group differences were seen in the two primary outcomes at 24 months (mean change for ASD 36.0 at rest and 55.4 on activity; for diagnostic arthroscopy 31.4 at rest and 47.5 on activity). The observed mean difference between groups (ASD minus diagnostic arthroscopy) in pain VAS were -4.6 (95% confidence interval -11.3 to 2.1) points (P=0.18) at rest and -9.0 (-18.1 to 0.2) points (P=0.054) on arm activity. No between group differences were seen between the ASD and diagnostic arthroscopy groups in the secondary outcomes or adverse events. In the secondary comparison (ASD versus exercise therapy), statistically significant differences were found in favour of ASD in the two primary outcomes at 24 months in both VAS at rest (-7.5, -14.0 to -1.0, points; P=0.023) and VAS on arm activity (-12.0, -20.9 to -3.2, points; P=0.008), but the mean differences between groups did not exceed the pre-specified minimal clinically important difference. Of note, this ASD versus exercise therapy comparison is not only confounded by lack of blinding but also likely to be biased in favour of ASD owing to the selective removal of patients with likely poor outcome from the ASD group, without comparable exclusions from the exercise therapy group. CONCLUSIONS: In this controlled trial involving patients with a shoulder impingement syndrome, arthroscopic subacromial decompression provided no benefit over diagnostic arthroscopy at 24 months. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00428870.
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| 10. |
- Sihvonen, Raine, et al.
(författare)
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Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for a degenerative meniscus tear : A 5 year follow-up of the placebo-surgery controlled FIDELITY (Finnish Degenerative Meniscus Lesion Study) trial
- 2020
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Ingår i: British journal of sports medicine. - : BMJ. - 0306-3674 .- 1473-0480. ; 54:22, s. 1332-1339
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To assess the long-term effects of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) on the development of radiographic knee osteoarthritis, and on knee symptoms and function, at 5 years follow-up. Design: Multicentre, randomised, participant- A nd outcome assessor-blinded, placebo-surgery controlled trial. Setting: Orthopaedic departments in five public hospitals in Finland. Participants: 146 adults, mean age 52 years (range 35-65 years), with knee symptoms consistent with degenerative medial meniscus tear verified by MRI scan and arthroscopically, and no clinical signs of knee osteoarthritis were randomised. Interventions: APM or placebo surgery (diagnostic knee arthroscopy). Main outcome measures: We used two indices of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (increase in Kellgren and Lawrence grade ≥1, and increase in Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) atlas radiographic joint space narrowing and osteophyte sum score, respectively), and three validated patient-relevant measures of knee symptoms and function (Western Ontario Meniscal Evaluation Tool (WOMET), Lysholm, and knee pain after exercise using a numerical rating scale). Results: There was a consistent, slightly greater risk for progression of radiographic knee osteoarthritis in the APM group as compared with the placebo surgery group (adjusted absolute risk difference in increase in Kellgren-Lawrence grade ≥1 of 13%, 95% CI-2% to 28%; adjusted absolute mean difference in OARSI sum score 0.7, 95% CI 0.1 to 1.3). There were no relevant between-group differences in the three patient-reported outcomes: Adjusted absolute mean differences (APM vs placebo surgery),-1.7 (95% CI-7.7 to 4.3) in WOMET,-2.1 (95% CI-6.8 to 2.6) in Lysholm knee score, and-0.04 (95% CI-0.81 to 0.72) in knee pain after exercise, respectively. The corresponding adjusted absolute risk difference in the presence of mechanical symptoms was 18% (95% CI 5% to 31%); there were more symptoms reported in the APM group. All other secondary outcomes comparisons were similar. Conclusions: APM was associated with a slightly increased risk of developing radiographic knee osteoarthritis and no concomitant benefit in patient-relevant outcomes, at 5 years after surgery. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01052233 and NCT00549172).
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