| 1. |
- Angelopoulos, Konstantinos, et al.
(författare)
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Model predictive control for software systems with CobRA
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 11th International Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems, SEAMS 2016. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. - 9781450341875 ; , s. 35-46
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Self-adaptive software systems monitor their operation and adapt when their requirements fail due to unexpected phenomena in their environment. This paper examines the case where the environment changes dynamically over time and the chosen adaptation has to take into account such changes. In control theory, this type of adaptation is known as Model Predictive Control and comes with a well-developed theory and myriads of successful applications. The paper focuses on modelling the dynamic relationship between requirements and possible adaptations. It then proposes a controller that exploits this relationship to optimize the satisfaction of requirements relative to a cost-function. This is accomplished through a model-based framework for designing self-adaptive software systems that can guarantee a certain level of requirements satisfaction over time, by dynamically composing adaptation strategies when necessary. The proposed framework is illustrated and evaluated through a simulation of the Meeting-Scheduling System exemplar.
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| 2. |
- Bousquet, J. Jean, et al.
(författare)
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Next-generation ARIA care pathways for rhinitis and asthma : a model for multimorbid chronic diseases
- 2019
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Ingår i: Clinical and Translational Allergy. - : BMC. - 2045-7022. ; 9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In all societies, the burden and cost of allergic and chronic respiratory diseases are increasing rapidly. Most economies are struggling to deliver modern health care effectively. There is a need to support the transformation of the health care system into integrated care with organizational health literacy.Main body: As an example for chronic disease care, MASK (Mobile Airways Sentinel NetworK), a new project of the ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) initiative, and POLLAR (Impact of Air POLLution on Asthma and Rhinitis, EIT Health), in collaboration with professional and patient organizations in the field of allergy and airway diseases, are proposing real-life ICPs centred around the patient with rhinitis, and using mHealth to monitor environmental exposure. Three aspects of care pathways are being developed: (i) Patient participation, health literacy and self-care through technology-assisted "patient activation", (ii) Implementation of care pathways by pharmacists and (iii) Next-generation guidelines assessing the recommendations of GRADE guidelines in rhinitis and asthma using real-world evidence (RWE) obtained through mobile technology. The EU and global political agendas are of great importance in supporting the digital transformation of health and care, and MASK has been recognized by DG Sante as a Good Practice in the field of digitally-enabled, integrated, person-centred care.Conclusion: In 20 years, ARIA has considerably evolved from the first multimorbidity guideline in respiratory diseases to the digital transformation of health and care with a strong political involvement.
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| 3. |
- Frasheri, Mirgita, et al.
(författare)
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Ethics of autonomous collective decision-making : The caesar framework
- 2022
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Ingår i: Science and Engineering Ethics. - : Springer Nature. - 1353-3452 .- 1471-5546. ; 28:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, autonomous systems have become an important research area and application domain, with a significant impact on modern society. Such systems are characterized by different levels of autonomy and complex communication infrastructures that allow for collective decision-making strategies. There exist several publications that tackle ethical aspects in such systems, but mostly from the perspective of a single agent. In this paper we go one step further and discuss these ethical challenges from the perspective of an aggregate of autonomous systems capable of collective decision-making. In particular, in this paper, we propose the Caesar approach through which we model the collective ethical decision-making process of a group of actors—agents and humans, as well as define the building blocks for the agents participating in such a process, namely Caesar agents. Factors such as trust, security, safety, and privacy, which affect the degree to which a collective decision is ethical, are explicitly captured in Caesar. Finally, we argue that modeling the collective decision-making in Caesar provides support for accountability.
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| 4. |
- Gulisano, Vincenzo, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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STRETCH : Virtual Shared-Nothing Parallelism for Scalable and Elastic Stream Processing
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems. - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 1045-9219 .- 1558-2183. ; 33:12, s. 4221-4238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stream processing applications extract value from raw data through Directed Acyclic Graphs of data analysis tasks. Shared-nothing (SN) parallelism is the de-facto standard to scale stream processing applications. Given an application, SN parallelism ins9tantiates several copies of each analysis task, making each instance responsible for a dedicated portion of the overall analysis, and relies on dedicated queues to exchange data among connected instances. On the one hand, SN parallelism can scale the execution of applications both up and out since threads can run task instances within and across processes/nodes. On the other hand, its lack of sharing can cause unnecessary overheads and hinder the scaling up when threads operate on data that could be jointly accessed in shared memory. This trade-off motivated us in studying a way for stream processing applications to leverage shared memory and boost the scale up (before the scale out) while adhering to the widely-adopted and SN-based APIs for stream processing applications. We introduce STRETCH, a framework that maximizes the scale up and offers instantaneous elastic reconfigurations (without state transfer) for stream processing applications. We propose the concept of Virtual Shared-Nothing (VSN) parallelism and elasticity and provide formal definitions and correctness proofs for the semantics of the analysis tasks supported by STRETCH, showing they extend the ones found in common Stream Processing Engines. We also provide a fully implemented prototype and show that STRETCH's performance exceeds that of state-of-the-art frameworks such as Apache Flink and offers, to the best of our knowledge, unprecedented ultra-fast reconfigurations, taking less than 40 ms even when provisioning tens of new task instances.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Bjarne, et al.
(författare)
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Kubernetes Orchestration of High Availability Distributed Control Systems
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Distributed control systems transform with the Industry 4.0 paradigm shift. A mesh-like, network-centric topologyreplaces the traditional controller-centered architecture, enforcing the interest of cloud-, fog-, and edge-computing, where lightweight container-based virtualization is a cornerstone. Kubernetes is a well-known container management system for container orchestration in cloud computing. It is gaining traction inedge- and fog-computing due to its elasticity and failure recovery properties. Orchestrator failure recovery can complement the manual replacement of a failed controller and, combined with controller redundancy, provide a pseudo-one-out-of-many redundancy. This paper investigates the failure recovery performance obtained from an out-of-the-box Kubernetes installation in a distributed control system scenario. We describe a Kubernetes based virtualized controller architecture and the software needed to setup a bare-metal cluster for control systems. Further, we deploy single and redundant configured containerized controllers based on an OPC UA compatible industry middleware software on the bare-metal cluster. The controllers expose variables with OPCUA PubSub. A script-based daemon introduces node failures, and a verification controller measures the downtime when using Kubernetes with an industry redundancy solution
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| 6. |
- Momeni, Mahdi, et al.
(författare)
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On the Bar Installation Order for the Automated Fabrication of Rebar Cages
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. - : International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC). - 9789526952420 ; , s. 508-511
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Robotics automation is a promising solution for the fabrication of structures made out of reinforced concrete. The reinforcement is often installed directly in the form and barby-bar. Using bigger pre-fabricated units (cages) may be beneficial for saving construction time and better labor safety. In this paper, we focus on the problem of automating the generation of a plan for the installation of rebars, given the digital twin of a desired reinforcement cage design, and of its basic components. More specifically, the plan describes the assembling order for the rebars such that (i) it is possible to fabricate the reinforcement cage by the robots, and (ii) the end product is the final reinforcement cage, ready for installation in the form for the concrete structure. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to automatically compute a feasible installation order for a generic rebar cage. The feasibility of the generated order is also case studied and simulated on a simplified rebar cage under the given assumptions.
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| 7. |
- Papadopoulos, Alessandro, Professor, et al.
(författare)
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Methodological Principles for Reproducible Performance Evaluation in Cloud Computing
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 0098-5589 .- 1939-3520. ; 47:8, s. 1528-1543
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rapid adoption and the diversification of cloud computing technology exacerbate the importance of a sound experimental methodology for this domain. This work investigates how to measure and report performance in the cloud, and how well the cloud research community is already doing it. We propose a set of eight important methodological principles that combine best-practices from nearby fields with concepts applicable only to clouds, and with new ideas about the time-accuracy trade-off. We show how these principles are applicable using a practical use-case experiment. To this end, we analyze the ability of the newly released SPEC Cloud IaaS benchmark to follow the principles, and showcase real-world experimental studies in common cloud environments that meet the principles. Last, we report on a systematic literature review including top conferences and journals in the field, from 2012 to 2017, analyzing if the practice of reporting cloud performance measurements follows the proposed eight principles. Worryingly, this systematic survey and the subsequent two-round human reviews, reveal that few of the published studies follow the eight experimental principles. We conclude that, although these important principles are simple and basic, the cloud community is yet to adopt them broadly to deliver sound measurement of cloud environments.
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| 8. |
- Picetti, Edoardo, et al.
(författare)
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Early management of adult traumatic spinal cord injury in patients with polytrauma : a consensus and clinical recommendations jointly developed by the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) & the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS)
- 2024
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Ingår i: World Journal of Emergency Surgery. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1749-7922. ; 19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The early management of polytrauma patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) is a major challenge. Sparse data is available to provide optimal care in this scenario and worldwide variability in clinical practice has been documented in recent studies.Methods: A multidisciplinary consensus panel of physicians selected for their established clinical and scientific expertise in the acute management of tSCI polytrauma patients with different specializations was established. The World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) and the European Association of Neurosurgical Societies (EANS) endorsed the consensus, and a modified Delphi approach was adopted.Results: A total of 17 statements were proposed and discussed. A consensus was reached generating 17 recommendations (16 strong and 1 weak).Conclusions: This consensus provides practical recommendations to support a clinician's decision making in the management of tSCI polytrauma patients.
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