| 1. |
- Bruno, Barbara, et al.
(författare)
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Paving the Way for Culturally Competent Robots : a Position Paper
- 2017
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Ingår i: 2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN). - New York : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781538635186 - 9781538635193 ; , s. 553-560
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cultural competence is a well known requirementfor an effective healthcare, widely investigated in thenursing literature. We claim that personal assistive robotsshould likewise be culturally competent, aware of generalcultural characteristics and of the different forms they take indifferent individuals, and sensitive to cultural differences whileperceiving, reasoning, and acting. Drawing inspiration fromexisting guidelines for culturally competent healthcare and thestate-of-the-art in culturally competent robotics, we identifythe key robot capabilities which enable culturally competentbehaviours and discuss methodologies for their developmentand evaluation.
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| 2. |
- Sgorbissa, Antonio, et al.
(författare)
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CARESSES : The Flower that Taught Robots about Culture
- 2019
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Ingår i: HRI '19. - : IEEE. - 9781538685556 ; , s. 371-371
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The video describes the novel concept of "culturally competent robotics", which is the main focus of the project CARESSES (Culturally-Aware Robots and Environmental Sensor Systems for Elderly Support). CARESSES a multidisciplinary project whose goal is to design the first socially assistive robots that can adapt to the culture of the older people they are taking care of. Socially assistive robots are required to help the users in many ways including reminding them to take their medication, encouraging them to keep active, helping them keep in touch with family and friends. The video describes a new generation of robots that will perform their actions with attention to the older person's customs, cultural practices and individual preferences.
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| 3. |
- Heaney, Liam G., et al.
(författare)
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Eosinophilic and Noneosinophilic Asthma : An Expert Consensus Framework to Characterize Phenotypes in a Global Real-Life Severe Asthma Cohort
- 2021
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Ingår i: Chest. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-3692. ; 160:3, s. 814-830
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Phenotypic characteristics of patients with eosinophilic and noneosinophilic asthma are not well characterized in global, real-life severe asthma cohorts. Research Question: What is the prevalence of eosinophilic and noneosinophilic phenotypes in the population with severe asthma, and can these phenotypes be differentiated by clinical and biomarker variables? Study Design and Methods: This was an historical registry study. Adult patients with severe asthma and available blood eosinophil count (BEC) from 11 countries enrolled in the International Severe Asthma Registry (January 1, 2015-September 30, 2019) were categorized according to likelihood of eosinophilic phenotype using a predefined gradient eosinophilic algorithm based on highest BEC, long-term oral corticosteroid use, elevated fractional exhaled nitric oxide, nasal polyps, and adult-onset asthma. Demographic and clinical characteristics were defined at baseline (ie, 1 year before or closest to date of BEC). Results: One thousand seven hundred sixteen patients with prospective data were included; 83.8% were identified as most likely (grade 3), 8.3% were identified as likely (grade 2), and 6.3% identified as least likely (grade 1) to have an eosinophilic phenotype, and 1.6% of patients showed a noneosinophilic phenotype (grade 0). Eosinophilic phenotype patients (ie, grades 2 or 3) showed later asthma onset (29.1 years vs 6.7 years; P < .001) and worse lung function (postbronchodilator % predicted FEV1, 76.1% vs 89.3%; P = .027) than those with a noneosinophilic phenotype. Patients with noneosinophilic phenotypes were more likely to be women (81.5% vs 62.9%; P = .047), to have eczema (20.8% vs 8.5%; P = .003), and to use anti-IgE (32.1% vs 13.4%; P = .004) and leukotriene receptor antagonists (50.0% vs 28.0%; P = .011) add-on therapy. Interpretation: According to this multicomponent, consensus-driven, and evidence-based eosinophil gradient algorithm (using variables readily accessible in real life), the severe asthma eosinophilic phenotype was more prevalent than previously identified and was phenotypically distinct. This pragmatic gradient algorithm uses variables readily accessible in primary and specialist care, addressing inherent issues of phenotype heterogeneity and phenotype instability. Identification of treatable traits across phenotypes should improve therapeutic precision.
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| 4. |
- Huber, Florian, et al.
(författare)
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Pushing Stem-Education through a Social-Media-Based Contest Format - Experiences and Lessons-Learned from the H2020-Project SciChallenge
- 2017
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Ingår i: INTED2017 Proceedings. - Valencia, Spain : IATED. - 9788461784912 ; , s. 334-344
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Science education is tremendously shaping the present and future of modern societies. Thus, Europe needs all its talents to increase creativity and competitiveness. Especially young boys and girls have to be engaged to pursue careers in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). However, statistics still show that enrolment rates in STEM-based degree programs are decreasing. On the long run, this will lead to a workforce problem in the research and development based economy as well as in the scientific sector of all EU member states. But how can we manage it to get young people more interested in STEM?The EU-funded research project SciChallenge (project.scichallenge.eu) addresses this challenge by proposing a social-media-based STEM-contest for young people between 10 to 20 years. The contest pilot is currently running (until April 30th 2017). With its multi-level approach, SciChallenge aims at increasing the attractiveness of science education and careers among young girls and boys on a pan- European level.In the first part, the paper introduces the project and highlights the main steps of the preparation of the contest. This includes the development of the contest concept and the processual framework as well as the main steps that were done for preparing the contest. It also presents the resources that are provided for the participants. The second part of the paper highlights the idea, design and implementation of the digital contest platform (www.scichallenge.eu), which serves as the core of the contest. It will present for example the novel submission and rating system that utilize the power of social networking platforms such as Facebook, as well as the contest dashboards, a convenient, easy to use informational map for the users to observe the status of the contest and related information. Furthermore, it will show how intelligent social media syndication tools can support the awareness creation. The third part of the paper will provide a status update on the currently running contest pilot. It will provide a summary of the experiences that the consortium made with this novel approach. It will also elaborate on the main obstacles the consortium was facing and present the lessons-learned for a future implementation, before drawing preliminary conclusions in the final part regarding the question if such an approach can be a way to increase interest of young people in STEM-education and careers.
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| 5. |
- Papadopoulos, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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The CARESSES Randomised Controlled Trial : Exploring the Health-Related Impact of Culturally Competent Artificial Intelligence Embedded Into Socially Assistive Robots and Tested in Older Adult Care Homes
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Social Robotics. - : Springer. - 1875-4791 .- 1875-4805. ; 14, s. 245-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This trial represents the final stage of the CARESSES project which aimed to develop and evaluate a culturally competent artificial intelligent system embedded into social robots to support older adult wellbeing. A parallel group, single-blind randomised controlled trial was conducted across older adult care homes in England and Japan. Participants randomly allocated to the Experimental Group or Control Group 1 received a Pepper robot for up 18 h across 2 weeks. Two versions of the CARESSES artificial intelligence were tested: a fully culturally competent system (Experimental Group) and a more limited version (Control Group 1). Control Group 2 (Care As Usual) participants did not receive a robot. Quantitative outcomes of interest reported in the current paper were health-related quality of life (SF-36), loneliness (ULS-8), and perceptions of robotic cultural competence (CCATool-Robotics). Thirty-three residents completed all procedures. The difference in SF-36 Emotional Wellbeing scores between Experimental Group and Care As Usual participants over time was significant (F[1] = 6.614, sig = .019, ηp2 = .258), as was the comparison between Any Robot used and Care As Usual (F[1] = 5.128, sig = .031, ηp2 = .146). There were no significant changes in SF-36 physical health subscales. ULS-8 loneliness scores slightly improved among Experimental and Control Group 1 participants compared to Care As Usual participants, but this was not significant. This study brings new evidence which cautiously supports the value of culturally competent socially assistive robots in improving the psychological wellbeing of older adults residing in care settings.
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