| 1. |
- Mgaieth, Farah, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring semantic verbal fluency patterns and their relationship to age and Alzheimer's disease in adults with Down syndrome.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association. - 1552-5279. ; 19:11, s. 5129-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adults with Down syndrome (DS) are at ultra-high risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by poor episodic memory and semantic fluency in the preclinical phase in the general population. We explored semantic fluency performance in DS and its relationship to age, AD, and blood biomarkers.A total of 302 adults with DS at baseline and 87 at follow-up from the London Down Syndrome Consortium cohort completed neuropsychological assessments. Blood biomarkers were measured with the single molecule array technique in a subset of 94 participants.Poorer verbal fluency performance was observed as age increases. Number of correct words declined in those with AD compared to those without over 2 years and was negatively correlated with neurofilament light (r=-0.37, P=.001) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (r=-0.31, P=.012).Semantic fluency may be useful as an early indicator of cognitive decline and provide additional information on AD-related change, showing associations with biomarkers in DS.
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| 2. |
- Altewischer, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Habitat preferences of male Corn Buntings Emberiza calandra in north-eastern Germany
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Ornithologica. - 0001-6454 .- 1734-8471. ; 50:1, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Agricultural ecosystems have faced dramatic changes during past decades, resulting in a dramatic loss of farmland biodiversity. The Corn Bunting Emberiza calandra is considered a suitable indicator for the conservation value of farmland habitats, and has recently suffered strong declines throughout much of its European range. As a basis for targeted conservation measures, we investigated the habitat preferences of this species in north-eastern Germany by comparing the composition of male territories with randomly chosen control sites. A territory was defined as the area within a radius of 150 meters around the assumed centre of the territory, as the majority of nests is found within this radius. To assess food availability for nestlings, arthropod abundance within the most abundant land use types i.e. crop fields, fallows, grassland as well as within unploughed strips was investigated. In total we found 102 male Corn Bunting territories, which were mainly composed of crop fields (50%), grassland (28%), and fallows (12%). Territories compared with control sites were characterized by a lower proportion of crop fields, a higher proportion of fallows, more diverse land use types, more abundant field boundaries, unploughed strips, and tracks, and a higher availability of song posts. However, neither the number of larger (≥ 1 cm), smaller (< 1 cm) or all arthropods differed significantly among analysed land use types i.e. crop fields, fallows, grassland, unploughed strips. Our study confirms the significance of habitat heterogeneity and especially of sites with sparse vegetation (fallows > 10%) and song posts (> 70 m ‘linear song posts’ or > 1 solitary post per ha) for the habitat selection of male Corn Buntings. We conclude that measures to halt population declines of Corn Buntings seem to be relatively easy to implement, provided that farmers are granted a fair compensation.
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| 3. |
- Forslund, Tommie, et al.
(författare)
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Attachment goes to court : child protection and custody issues
- 2022
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Ingår i: Attachment & Human Development. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1461-6734 .- 1469-2988. ; 24:1, s. 1-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Attachment theory and research are drawn upon in many applied settings, including family courts, but misunderstandings are widespread and sometimes result in misapplications. The aim of this consensus statement is, therefore, to enhance understanding, counter misinformation, and steer family-court utilisation of attachment theory in a supportive, evidence-based direction, especially with regard to child protection and child custody decision-making. The article is divided into two parts. In the first, we address problems related to the use of attachment theory and research in family courts, and discuss reasons for these problems. To this end, we examine family court applications of attachment theory in the current context of the best-interest-of-the-child standard, discuss misunderstandings regarding attachment theory, and identify factors that have hindered accurate implementation. In the second part, we provide recommendations for the application of attachment theory and research. To this end, we set out three attachment principles: the child’s need for familiar, non-abusive caregivers; the value of continuity of good-enough care; and the benefits of networks of attachment relationships. We also discuss the suitability of assessments of attachment quality and caregiving behaviour to inform family court decision-making. We conclude that assessments of caregiver behaviour should take center stage. Although there is dissensus among us regarding the use of assessments of attachment quality to inform child custody and child-protection decisions, such assessments are currently most suitable for targeting and directing supportive interventions. Finally, we provide directions to guide future interdisciplinary research collaboration.
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| 4. |
- Forslund, Tommie, et al.
(författare)
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El Apego Va a Juicio: Problemas de Custodia y Protección Infantil : [Attachment goes to court: Child protection and custody issues]
- 2021
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Ingår i: Anuario de psicología jurídica. - : Colegio Oficial de la Psicologia de Madrid. - 1133-0740 .- 2174-0542. ; 32:1, s. 115-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Attachment theory and research are drawn upon in many applied settings, including family courts, but misunderstandings are widespread and sometimes result in misapplications. The aim of this consensus statement is, therefore, to enhance understanding, counter misinformation, and steer family-court utilisation of attachment theory in a supportive, evidence-based direction, especially with regard to child protection and child custody decision-making. This article is divided into two parts. In the first part, we address problems related to the use of attachment theory and research in family courts, and discuss reasons for these problems. To this end, we examine family court applications of attachment theory in the current context of the best-interest-of-the-child standard, discuss misunderstandings regarding attachment theory, and identify factors that have hindered accurate implementation. In the second part, we provide recommendations for the application of attachment theory and research. To this end, we set out three attachment principles: the child's need for familiar, non-abusive caregivers; the value of continuity of good-enough care; and the benefits of networks of attachment relationships. We also discuss the suitability of assessments of attachment quality and caregiving behaviour to inform family court decision-making. We conclude that assessments of caregiver behaviour should take center stage. Although there is dissensus among us regarding the use of assessments of attachment quality to inform child custody and child-protection decisions, such assessments are currently most suitable for targeting and directing supportive interventions. Finally, we provide directions to guide future interdisciplinary research collaboration.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Kasri, Amal, et al.
(författare)
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Amyloid-β peptide signature associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy in familial Alzheimer's disease with APPdup and Down syndrome
- 2024
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Ingår i: ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA. - 0001-6322 .- 1432-0533. ; 148:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by extracellular amyloid plaques containing amyloid-beta (A beta) peptides, intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles, extracellular neuropil threads, and dystrophic neurites surrounding plaques composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (pTau). A beta can also deposit in blood vessel walls leading to cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). While amyloid plaques in AD brains are constant, CAA varies among cases. The study focuses on differences observed between rare and poorly studied patient groups with APP duplications (APPdup) and Down syndrome (DS) reported to have higher frequencies of elevated CAA levels in comparison to sporadic AD (sAD), most of APP mutations, and controls. We compared A beta and tau pathologies in postmortem brain tissues across cases and A beta peptides using mass spectrometry (MS). We further characterized the spatial distribution of A beta peptides with MS-brain imaging. While intraparenchymal A beta deposits were numerous in sAD, DS with AD (DS-AD) and AD with APP mutations, these were less abundant in APPdup. On the contrary, A beta deposits in the blood vessels were abundant in APPdup and DS-AD while only APPdup cases displayed high A beta deposits in capillaries. Investigation of A beta peptide profiles showed a specific increase in A beta x-37, A beta x-38 and A beta x-40 but not A beta x-42 in APPdup cases and to a lower extent in DS-AD cases. Interestingly, N-truncated A beta 2-x peptides were particularly increased in APPdup compared to all other groups. This result was confirmed by MS-imaging of leptomeningeal and parenchymal vessels from an APPdup case, suggesting that CAA is associated with accumulation of shorter A beta peptides truncated both at N- and C-termini in blood vessels. Altogether, this study identified striking differences in the localization and composition of A beta deposits between AD cases, particularly APPdup and DS-AD, both carrying three genomic copies of the APP gene. Detection of specific A beta peptides in CSF or plasma of these patients could improve the diagnosis of CAA and their inclusion in anti-amyloid immunotherapy treatments.
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