| 1. |
- Aartsen, M. G., et al.
(författare)
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Neutrino oscillation studies with IceCube-DeepCore
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nuclear Physics B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0550-3213 .- 1873-1562. ; 908, s. 161-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IceCube, a gigaton-scale neutrino detector located at the South Pole, was primarily designed to search for astrophysical neutrinos with energies of PeV and higher. This goal has been achieved with the detection of the highest energy neutrinos to date. At the other end of the energy spectrum, the DeepCore extension lowers the energy threshold of the detector to approximately 10 GeV and opens the door for oscillation studies using atmospheric neutrinos. An analysis of the disappearance of these neutrinos has been completed, with the results produced being complementary with dedicated oscillation experiments. Following a review of the detector principle and performance, the method used to make these calculations, as well as the results, is detailed. Finally, the future prospects of IceCube-DeepCore and the next generation of neutrino experiments at the South Pole (IceCube-Gen2, specifically the PINGU sub-detector) are briefly discussed.
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| 2. |
- Caliandro, P, et al.
(författare)
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Sensitivity of conventional motor nerve conduction examination in detecting patchy demyelination : a simulated model
- 2007
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Ingår i: Clinical Neurophysiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1388-2457 .- 1872-8952. ; 118:7, s. 1577-1585
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To evaluate, in 5 simulated motor nerves with patchy demyelination: (1) the sensitivity of the conventional motor conduction examination; (2) the conduction velocity of single axons (SA-CV). Methods Four damaged segments were simulated in each nerve. Myelin impairment was generated by varying two parameters: (1) percent reduction in conduction velocity, i.e. degree of damage (DEGREE); (2) percentage of affected axons, i.e. extent of damage (EXTENT). Myelin impairment was simulated in axons with different diameters. We evaluated: (1) conduction velocity; (2) temporal dispersion of the negative phase of compound motor action potential (CMAP); (3) amplitude decay of CMAP; (4) SA-CV of 20 randomly-chosen axons. Results When the damage involved both large and small axons, the conduction velocity was pathological only when severe myelin damage involved a large number of axons. Temporal dispersion and amplitude decay were more sensitive than conduction velocity in detecting the damage. In damage involving only large axons or only small axons, all parameters remained in the normal range. SA-CV evaluation was much more sensitive than the conventional studies, regardless of the diameter of the damaged axons. Conclusions Conventional studies are not sensitive in detecting minimal myelin damage. Decomposing the CMAPs and randomly studying 20 SA-CVs would increase the sensitivity of damage detection. Significance These results contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between axonal properties and neurophysiological findings in motor nerve demyelination.
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