| 1. |
- Bååth, L.B. 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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High Resolution Observations of the QSO 3C 345 at 1.3 centimeters
- 1981
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - Philadelphia, PA : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 243, s. L123-L126
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-resolution VLBI observations made at a frequency of 22.235 GHz of the quasar 3C 345 are discussed. Antennas located at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, USSR; Onsala, Sweden; Effelsberg, West Germany; and the Haystack Observatory, Massachusetts were employed at 4-min integration times to provide baselines ranging up to 5.5 x 10 to the 8th wavelengths. About 40% of the total flux density of 7.85 Jy, observed in November 1977, and 8.05 Jy, observed in October 1978, is found to originate in an unresolved component of the quasar core in a region less than 0.1 milliarcsec in diameter. The elongated jet-like component of the quasar is observed to contain several peaks of emission extending up to 6 milliarsec from the core which decreased in extent between the two observations.
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| 2. |
- Matveenko, L. I., et al.
(författare)
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The injector and variability of the quasar 3C 345
- 1996
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Ingår i: Astronomy letters. - Moscow : MAIK Nauka/Interperiodica. - 1063-7737 .- 1562-6873. ; 22:1, s. 14-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The VLBI technique is used to study the fine structure of the quasar 3C 345 at = 49 cm. It is shown that the low-frequency radio emission from the core is feeble, whereas the bright compact component corresponds to the jet region adjacent to the core, rather than to the core itself. This region is ~6.4 mas in size, and its brightness temperature, Tb near equal 0.6 1012 K, does not go beyond the Compton limit. The core itself is an injector of relativistic particles surrounded by a wall of thermal plasma. Between 1983.9 and 1990.8, the radio flux density and angular size of the compact component increased by a factor of about 2, while its brightness temperature did not change markedly. During this period, the emission at millimeter wavelengths was reduced about twofold; the UV emission also decreased. The low-frequency variability is shown to be a result of variations in the transparency of the wall of a cocoon—the thermal plasma surrounding the jet. The electron density in the cocoon wall near the bright compact component is Ne near equal 105 cm3 and rises toward the core as ~ r 2. The polarized emission of the quasar originates mainly from the same region, where compact sources are seen athigh frequencies. Its rotation measure is RM near equal 29 rad m–2 and increases toward the core as ~ r 3, reaching 8 104 rad m–2. In the vicinity of the core, the longitudinal component of the magnetic field is ~0.1 mG.
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| 3. |
- Matveenko, L. I., et al.
(författare)
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The structure of the quasar 3C-345
- 1992
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Ingår i: Soviet Astronomy Letters. - Moscow : Rossijskaja akademija nauk / Russian Academy of Sciences. - 0320-0108. ; 18:6, s. 379-391
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the fine structure of the quasar 3C 345 at a wavelength of 49 cm. The apparent size of the core and low-frequency variability are due to the opacity of the surrounding ionized medium and the electron density distribution. We find the distance dependence of the size and brightness temperature of the components. Relativistic plasma is being ejected into a cone, with vertex angle approximately 40-degrees in position -110-degrees. The jet consists of narrow twisted filaments.
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| 4. |
- Matveyenko, L.I., et al.
(författare)
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Studies of the 3c 345 Quasar Structure at Dm-Wavelengths
- 1987
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Ingår i: Observational evidence of activity in galaxies. - Dordrecht : D. Reidel Publishing Group. - 9027724733 - 9027724741 ; , s. 301-304
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure of the quasar 3C 345 has been studied at 18 and 49 cm wavelengths by VLBI method. The structure has a nucleus and a jet, which changes direction with distance from the nucleus. The continuum emission of the nucleus and the jet regions correspond to a source with a large optical depth, the cut frequence goes down with increasing distance from nucleus.
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| 5. |
- Rantakyrö, F. T., et al.
(författare)
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High dynamic-range VLBI observations of 3C 345 at 18 cm wavelength
- 1992
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - Les Ulis : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 259:1, s. 8-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents very high dynamic range VLBI observations of the quasar 3C345 at 18 cm wavelength at two epochs, 1981.11 and 1985.27. We find that the direction of the jet changes drastically and the surface brightness decreases with increasing distance from the core. We show that a true three-dimensional curvature of the jet in space is needed to obtain the observed decrease of intensity with distance from the core, both in an adiabatic expansion model as well as in a model where the comoving flux is constant. Our observations confirm the detection of a previously reported low surface brightness component, C0. In addition, there is a large component extended perpendicular to the jet axis which we associate with a stationary shock at a distance consistent with the expected position of the narrow line region. Models for the intensity of the jet fitted to the observed dependence of intensity with distance from the core suggests this shocked region to be the place where the jet is expanding adiabatically after having had a constant width closer to the core. A limit on the allowed viewing angle theta less-than-or-similar-to 40-degrees is derived from the lack of any detectable counterjet.
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| 6. |
- Jones, D. L., et al.
(författare)
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High dynamic range VLBI observations of NGC 6251
- 1986
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - Philadelphia, United States : Institute of Physics Publishing, Inc. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 305:2, s. 684-697
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Matveenko, L.I., et al.
(författare)
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The structure of the quasar 3C345 at lambda 49cm and its relation to low-frequency variability
- 1996
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - Berlin : Springer-Verlag. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 312, s. 738-744
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The structure of the quasar 3C345 has been studied at lambda 49cm with a global VLBI network. The core has a low-freuqncy cut off in its spectrum, and is very weak at this wavelength. The most compact bright knot is the part of the jet nearest to the nucleus, with a size of about 5x4 mas and a brightness temperature of Tb about 0.6 10^12 K. Its flux density and solid angle increased by a factor of about 2 during the period 1983.9 to 1990.8, but the birghtness temperature did not change significantly. The emission at millimeter wavelengths decreased by a factor of about 2 during the same period, while the UV emission from the nucleus also dcreased. We suggest that variations in the low-frequency emissions are caused by changes in the absorption by a cocoon - the thermal plasma surrounding the jet. The electron density in the region is Ne about 10^5 cm^-3and the longitudal field is about 40 microG. The emission measure and the rotation measure vary with r, the distance from the nucleus as r^-3. The data at lamda 49cm indi´cate several components in and near the "hotspot" at the end of the arcsec jet.
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