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- Hagsten, Carin, et al.
(författare)
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Structural and compositional changes during UHT fouling removal-Possible mechanisms of the cleaning process
- 2019
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Ingår i: Food Structure. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-3291. ; 21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultra-high temperature (UHT) treatment of milk forms a deposit or fouling in the processing equipment that is mineral-based with an enclosed protein network. This study addresses the fundamental mechanisms that control the removal of this deposit. For this purpose, the structural and compositional changes during the cleaning process have been studied. The structure analysis was performed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) on samples that were quenched at different stages of the cleaning process. It was found for acid cleaning that the mineral content is rapidly decreasing in the fouling layer as the cleaning continues, but there is still an intact protein structure with the similar thickness as the original fouling. For alkali cleaning, part of the protein structure was subsequently removed from the outside towards the stainless steel as a function of time, while the mineral structure was mostly remaining. The break-up of the organic network structure, which likely involves depolyrnerization of protein aggregates, were found to control the cleaning efficiency. The weakening of the protein network facilitates the removal of the UHT fouling layer during the acid cleaning step and allow for an efficient cleaning cycle. The chemical reactions that occur within the fouling layer between the hydroxyl ions and the protein network was modeled according to a depolymerization reaction and a mechanistic model of the cleaning process is presented.
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- Klerkx, Joris, et al.
(författare)
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Interoperability of Registries
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The CEN Workshop Learning Technologies (WS/LT) kicked off this project on “Interoperability of registries” in January 2010. The Project Team for Interoperability of Registries was appointed in April 2010 and started to work in May 2010. Work in progress was presented at several CEN WS/LT plenary meetings in 2010 and 2011. The draft CWA includes comments received during meetings. Contributions from the following partners are acknowledged: CEN WS/LT, ARIADNE, European Schoolnet, ASPECT, ICOPER, IMS, GLOBE, Learning Registry, Share.tec, Organice Edunet, Natural Europe, etc. The public comment period for this CWA run from 10 August 2011 until 10 October 2011. Comments were integrated in this final document.
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| 6. |
- Paulsson, Fredrik, 1970-
(författare)
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A metadata ecology
- 2009
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Ingår i: ISO IEC. - : ISO.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Paulsson, Fredrik, 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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A Service Oriented Architecture-framework for modularized Virtual Learning Environments
- 2006
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Ingår i: Current Developments in Technology-Assisted Education. - Badajoz, Spain : Formatex. - 846902471X ; , s. 21-62
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The article suggests a general SOA framework for Virtual Learning Environments, based on the VWE Learning Object Taxonomy. The SOA framework suggests five basic services for implementation of modular Virtual Learning Environments. The SOA framework was implemented in two prototypes, using two different approaches: a Java-RMI based implementation that was compared to a Web Service (SOAP) based implementation. by using the VWE Learning Object Taxonomy and the VWE SOA framework, the prototypes showed that a level of modularity, similar to the level of modularity of Learning Objects, could be achieved for the Virtual Learning Environment as well, through the inclusion in the same conceptual space. The comparison of the prototypes showed that the Web Service approach was to prefer, in favor of the Java-RMI approach. This was mainly due to platform neutrality and the use of the http-protocol.
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| 8. |
- Paulsson, Fredrik, 1970-
(författare)
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Connecting learning object repositories : strategies, technologies and issues
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the the fourth international conference on internet and web applications and services. - Washington : IEEE Computer Society. - 9780769536132 ; , s. 583-589
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rapid growth of digital learning resources has brought forward a number of issues concerning availability, distribution and use. Altogether, the issues are a mix of interplaited technological and pedagogical considerations. Some of those issues, mainly related to repositories and the distribution of digital learning resources, are examined and described in this article. A particular focus is put on how resources can be described and indexed using metadata, and on how access to digital learning resources can be improved and facilitated through federation and/or harvesting of metadata in order to tie several repositories together to provide a service that offers one single access point. The study also examined how this single point of access can be moved closer to the user (i.e. to the environment where digital learning resources are used) through simple federation of the service, enabling access to the network of repositories from any virtual learning environment. The study was carried out by experiments connected to a real-life case. The study concludes in several suggestions for how access to digital learning resources can be enhanced, as well as in the identifications of a couple of new issues that need to be addressed by future research.
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| 10. |
- Paulsson, Fredrik, 1970-
(författare)
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Digitala lärresurser, lärplattformar och koppling till styrdokumenten
- 2009
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Öppenhet och flexibilitet två viktiga komponenter för att uppnå mesta möjliga pedagogiska nytta av att använda IT. Pedagogiska krav och förväntningar måste återspeglas och stödjas av tekniken, men tyvärr tvingar tekniken istället alltför ofta till anpassning av desamma. Ser man tillbaka på utvecklingen teknikförstärkt lärande så är det tydligt att det finns en röd tråd som sträcker sig från 40-50-talens utveckling som framförallt byggde på behavioristiska teorier om lärande (som t.ex. the Teaching Machine av Skinner [1]) och utvecklades för militära behov, via koncept som Computer Assisted Instruction, fortfarande med starka drivkrafter från amerikanska militära intressen [2], fram till dagens webbaserade IT-stöd1. Det är egentligen först nu som tekniken börjar vara mogen för att kunna erbjuda ett riktigt bra IT-stöd som kan matcha moderna teorier om lärande. De senaste årens tekniska utveckling har skapat nya intressanta förutsättningar för att arbeta med de problem som fortfarande förknippas med IT-miljöer för lärande. För att lyckas med detta krävs dock en målmedveten strategi och samordning av centrala komponenter i skolans infrastruktur. Nedan beskrivs lite av den situation som präglar dagens IT-miljöer för lärande, med ett särskilt fokus på s.k. lärplattformar och digitala lärresurser. Därefter görs en analys av den pågående teknikutvecklingen i allmänhet och för lärande i synnerhet med några avslutande resonemang om strategiska vägval och förutsättningar.
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