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- Jönsson, Lena S, et al.
(författare)
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Gene expression in nasal lavage from hairdressers exposed to persulphate.
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1246 .- 0340-0131. ; 82, s. 1261-1266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: Many hairdressers experience work-related symptoms from the airways caused by bleaching powder. This contains persulphates, which could be irritating to the mucous membrane and also may evoke an allergic reaction. However, specific IgE antibodies are difficult to detect. We found earlier that hairdressers with work-related bleaching powder-associated nasal symptoms reacted to persulphate, but that atopics also did and that the mechanism appeared to be similar in the two groups. In this study, we analysed gene expression of cytokines in the nose in order to further investigate the mechanism for work-related bleaching powder-associated nasal symptoms. METHODS: The study subjects belonged to either hairdressers with work-related bleaching powder-associated nasal symptoms (S; n = 6), hairdressers without work-related bleaching powder-associated symptoms (WS; n = 7) or atopics (A; n = 6). Nasal lavage was performed before and during (up to 4 h after the last challenge) provocation with potassium persulphate. Expression of two genes involved in allergic inflammation [interleukin 5 (IL5) and IL13] and one involved in cell-mediated immunity (interferon-gamma; IFNG) were analysed in nasal lavage with quantitative PCR. RESULTS: The change of IL5 in the S group differed when compared to the WS group (P = 0.0051), in the A group when compared to the WS group (P = 0.014), but not in the S group when compared to the A group (P = 0.82). The change of IL13 in the A group differed when compared to the S (P = 0.041) and WS (P = 0.014) groups, but no difference was noticed between the S and WS groups (P = 0.30). The relative level of IFNG increased from before challenge to during challenge in the S group (P = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS: Symptomatic hairdressers showed increased expression of IL5 and IFNG, but not IL13, during challenge. Hairdressers without work-related bleaching powder-associated nasal symptoms showed no markedly changed reaction. Atopics showed increased expression of IL5 and IL13. Thus, this may indicate a difference in the mechanism of symptoms between symptomatic hairdressers and atopics. However, due to the low number of participants, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism for persulphate-associated nasal symptoms.
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- Öfverholm, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Extended genetic analysis and tumor characteristics in over 4600 women with suspected hereditary breast and ovarian cancer
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Cancer. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2407. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundGenetic screening for pathogenic variants (PVs) in cancer predisposition genes can affect treatment strategies, risk prediction and preventive measures for patients and families. For decades, hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) has been attributed to PVs in the genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, and more recently other rare alleles have been firmly established as associated with a high or moderate increased risk of developing breast and/or ovarian cancer. Here, we assess the genetic variation and tumor characteristics in a large cohort of women with suspected HBOC in a clinical oncogenetic setting.MethodsWomen with suspected HBOC referred from all oncogenetic clinics in Sweden over a six-year inclusion period were screened for PVs in 13 clinically relevant genes. The genetic outcome was compared with tumor characteristics and other clinical data collected from national cancer registries and hospital records.ResultsIn 4622 women with breast and/or ovarian cancer the overall diagnostic yield (the proportion of women carrying at least one PV) was 16.6%. BRCA1/2 PVs were found in 8.9% of women (BRCA1 5.95% and BRCA2 2.94%) and PVs in the other breast and ovarian cancer predisposition genes in 8.2%: ATM (1.58%), BARD1 (0.45%), BRIP1 (0.43%), CDH1 (0.11%), CHEK2 (3.46%), PALB2 (0.84%), PTEN (0.02%), RAD51C (0.54%), RAD51D (0.15%), STK11 (0) and TP53 (0.56%). Thus, inclusion of the 11 genes in addition to BRCA1/2 increased diagnostic yield by 7.7%. The yield was, as expected, significantly higher in certain subgroups such as younger patients, medullary breast cancer, higher Nottingham Histologic Grade, ER-negative breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer and high grade serous ovarian cancer. Age and tumor subtype distributions differed substantially depending on genetic finding.ConclusionsThis study contributes to understanding the clinical and genetic landscape of breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility. Extending clinical genetic screening from BRCA1 and BRCA2 to 13 established cancer predisposition genes almost doubles the diagnostic yield, which has implications for genetic counseling and clinical guidelines. The very low yield in the syndrome genes CDH1, PTEN and STK11 questions the usefulness of including these genes on routine gene panels.
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| 5. |
- Alm, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Arbetsintegrerat lärande som undervisningsmetod : tillämpning av studenters kompetenser för hållbar utveckling
- 2022
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Framtidens student och arbetsplats: "Hur påverkar globalisering och hållbar utveckling vilket arbete våra ekonomstudenter förväntas göra i arbetslivet?" Frågeställningar som diskuteras är om våra program kan komma att behöva förändras radikalt eller är de fortfarande relevanta (både innehållsmässigt och pedagogiskt)? Vi föreslår att arbetsintegrerat lärande kan berika ekonomstudenternas nyckelkompetenser och göra studenterna förberedda för sitt framtida arbetsliv.
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| 6. |
- Bourelius, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Öppna digitala resurser (OER)
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nyheter & Debatt. - 1651-3363. ; :3, s. 4-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lärande sker i sociala sammanhang. Genom nätet är klassrummet idag globalt. Tusentals universitet, skolor och lärare i världen delar idag med sig av kursmaterial, föreläsningar, experiment, reportage och bilder så att andra kan återanvända materialet i sin undervisning.
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| 7. |
- Eltschkner, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
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The structure of songbird MHC class I reveals antigen binding that is flexible at the N-terminus and static at the C-terminus
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - 1664-3224. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long-distance migratory animals such as birds and bats have evolved to withstand selection imposed by pathogens across the globe, and pathogen richness is known to be particularly high in tropical regions. Immune genes, so-called Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes, are highly duplicated in songbirds compared to other vertebrates, and this high MHC diversity has been hypothesised to result in a unique adaptive immunity. To understand the rationale behind the evolution of the high MHC genetic diversity in songbirds, we determined the structural properties of an MHC class I protein, Acar3, from a long-distance migratory songbird, the great reed warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus (in short: Acar). The structure of Acar3 was studied in complex with pathogen-derived antigens and shows an overall antigen presentation similar to human MHC class I. However, the peptides bound to Acar3 display an unusual conformation: Whereas the N-terminal ends of the peptides display enhanced flexibility, the conformation of their C-terminal halves is rather static. This uncommon peptide-binding mode in Acar3 is facilitated by a central Arg residue within the peptide-binding groove that fixes the backbone of the peptide at its central position, and potentially permits successful interactions between MHC class I and innate immune receptors. Our study highlights the importance of investigating the immune system of wild animals, such as birds and bats, to uncover unique immune mechanisms which may neither exist in humans nor in model organisms.
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, Linnea, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Trygghet i kollektivtrafiken i nordiska huvudstadsregioner
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sammanställning av referat från Transportforum 2024. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 157-157
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Trygghetsfrågor i kollektivtrafiken ligger högt upp på dagordningen i flertalet svenska regioner där insatser genomförts under senare år för att öka tryggheten för personal och resenärer. Trygghet är dock ett svårfångat begrepp som kan betyda flera olika saker. Generellt kan sägas att det dels kan innebära upplevd trygghet, vad individen anser om en plats eller en situation, dels kan det innebära faktisk trygghet, som kan tolkas som den statistiska risken att råka ut för ett brott. Dessa två aspekter hänger inte alltid ihop. Att arbeta med trygghet i kollektivtrafiken innebär i stor utsträckning att arbeta med den upplevda tryggheten, eftersom det är den som har störst betydelse för valet att resa med kollektivtrafiken eller att inte göra det. För att undersöka vad trygghet kan vara och hur kollektivtrafikmyndigheterna hanterar frågan har vi gjort en översiktlig studie av flera nordiska huvudstadsregioner. Vi har studerat trygghet i kollektivtrafiken i Köpenhamn, Helsingfors, Oslo, Tallinn och Stockholm. Materialet utgörs av semi-strukturerade intervjuer med centralt placerade tjänstepersoner hos ansvariga myndigheter i respektive stad, och offentligt publicerade dokument som policydokument och mediaartiklar, samt en workshop med trygghetsansvariga från Köpenhamn Oslo och Tallinn. Studien visar att trygghet i kollektivtrafiken inte är en lika diskuterad och prioriterad fråga i de övriga nordiska huvudstäderna som den är i Stockholm. Vad som läggs i begreppet trygghet varierar beroende på stad och hör ihop med vad myndigheten tidigare fått hantera för problem, vilka samhällsproblem som finns och hur de adresseras av ledande politiker. Politikernas problemformuleringar och lösningar har stor betydelse för hur tryggheten adresseras och vilket arbete förvaltningarna gör. Medborgare och resenärer kommer framför allt till tals genom enkäter om resande.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Falkmer, Torbjörn, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Safe ride : traffic safety for children with disabilities
- 2010
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- We know that parents of children and adolescences with disabilities for many years have expressed concern about the lack of safety in the way their children were transported with the Special Transportation System [STS]. We have often received questions like; "Which safety regulations and laws control school transportation and STS?", "What demands can be made towards the local municipality in charge of arranging STS?", "Who is responsible for our child's traffic safety?", "How do you adjust the family car to make it as safe as possible?" Many parents have sought after an easy and comprehensible publication that describes all the medical, technical, ergonomic, legal, structural and psychological aspects that lies within the complex issue of traffic safety for children with disabilities. This is why we made this handbook. Our purpose is to present a comprehensible image of traffic safety issues from the perspective of the children and the parents.
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