| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Joffrin, E., et al.
(författare)
-
Overview of the JET preparation for deuterium-tritium operation with the ITER like-wall
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 59:11
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- For the past several years, the JET scientific programme (Pamela et al 2007 Fusion Eng. Des. 82 590) has been engaged in a multi-campaign effort, including experiments in D, H and T, leading up to 2020 and the first experiments with 50%/50% D-T mixtures since 1997 and the first ever D-T plasmas with the ITER mix of plasma-facing component materials. For this purpose, a concerted physics and technology programme was launched with a view to prepare the D-T campaign (DTE2). This paper addresses the key elements developed by the JET programme directly contributing to the D-T preparation. This intense preparation includes the review of the physics basis for the D-T operational scenarios, including the fusion power predictions through first principle and integrated modelling, and the impact of isotopes in the operation and physics of D-T plasmas (thermal and particle transport, high confinement mode (H-mode) access, Be and W erosion, fuel recovery, etc). This effort also requires improving several aspects of plasma operation for DTE2, such as real time control schemes, heat load control, disruption avoidance and a mitigation system (including the installation of a new shattered pellet injector), novel ion cyclotron resonance heating schemes (such as the three-ions scheme), new diagnostics (neutron camera and spectrometer, active Alfven eigenmode antennas, neutral gauges, radiation hard imaging systems...) and the calibration of the JET neutron diagnostics at 14 MeV for accurate fusion power measurement. The active preparation of JET for the 2020 D-T campaign provides an incomparable source of information and a basis for the future D-T operation of ITER, and it is also foreseen that a large number of key physics issues will be addressed in support of burning plasmas.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Diele-Viegas, L. M., et al.
(författare)
-
Community voices: sowing, germinating, flourishing as strategies to support inclusion in STEM
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Understanding gaps in academic representation while considering the intersectionality concept is paramount to promoting real progress towards a more inclusive STEM. Here we discuss ways in which STEM careers can be sown and germinated so that inclusivity can flourish.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Sadlej, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Properties and Spectroscopies
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Continuum Solvation Models in Chemical Physics: From Theory to Applications. - Chichester, UK : John Wiley & Sons. - 9780470029381 ; , s. 125-312
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 10. |
- Saygili, Yasemin, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of Coordination Sphere Geometry of Copper Redox Mediators on Regeneration and Recombination Behavior in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Applications
- 2018
-
Ingår i: ACS Applied Energy Materials. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2574-0962. ; 1:9, s. 4950-4962
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The recombination of injected electrons with oxidized redox species and regeneration behavior of copper redox mediators are investigated for four copper complexes, [Cu(dmby)(2)](2+/1+) (dmby = 6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine), [Cu(tmby)(2)](2+/1+) (tmby = 4,4',6,6'- tetramethyl-2,2'-bipyridine), [Cu(eto)(2)](2+/1+) (eto = 4-ethoxy-6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine), and [Cu(dmp)(2)](2+/1+) (dmp = bis(2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenantroline). These complexes were examined in conjunction with the D5, D35, and D45 sensitizers, having various degrees of blocking moieties. The experimental results were further supported by density functional theory calculations, showing that the low reorganization energies, lambda, of tetra-coordinated Cu(I) species (lambda = 0.31-0.34 eV) allow efficient regeneration of the oxidized dye at driving forces down to approximately 0.1 eV. The regeneration electron transfer reaction is in the Marcus normal regime. However, for Cu(II) species, the presence of 4-tertbutylpyridine (TBP) in electrolyte medium results in penta-coordinated complexes with altered charge recombination kinetics (lambda = 1.23-1.40 eV). These higher reorganization energies lead to charge recombination in the Marcus normal regime instead of the Marcus inverted regime that could have been expected from the large driving force for electrons in the conduction band of TiO2 to react with Cu(II). Nevertheless, the recombination resistance and electron lifetime values were higher for the copper redox species compared to the reference cobalt redox mediator. The DSC devices employing D35 dye with [Cu(dmp)(2)](2+/1+) reached a record value for the open circuit voltage of 1.14 V without compromising the short circuit current density value. Even with the D5 dye, which lacks recombination preventing steric units, we reached 7.5% efficiency by employing [Cu(dmp)(2)](2+/1+) and [Cu(dmby)(2)](2+/1+) at AM 1.5G full sun illumination with open circuit voltage values as high as 1.13 V.
|
|
