| 1. |
- Serpa Neto, Ary, et al.
(författare)
-
Epidemiological characteristics, practice of ventilation, and clinical outcome in patients at risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome in intensive care units from 16 countries (PRoVENT) : an international, multicentre, prospective study
- 2016
-
Ingår i: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. - 2213-2600 .- 2213-2619. ; 4:11, s. 882-893
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Scant information exists about the epidemiological characteristics and outcome of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) at risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and how ventilation is managed in these individuals. We aimed to establish the epidemiological characteristics of patients at risk of ARDS, describe ventilation management in this population, and assess outcomes compared with people at no risk of ARDS. Methods PRoVENT (PRactice of VENTilation in critically ill patients without ARDS at onset of ventilation) is an international, multicentre, prospective study undertaken at 119 ICUs in 16 countries worldwide. All patients aged 18 years or older who were receiving mechanical ventilation in participating ICUs during a 1-week period between January, 2014, and January, 2015, were enrolled into the study. The Lung Injury Prediction Score (LIPS) was used to stratify risk of ARDS, with a score of 4 or higher defining those at risk of ARDS. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients at risk of ARDS. Secondary outcomes included ventilatory management (including tidal volume [V-T] expressed as mL/kg predicted bodyweight [PBW], and positive end-expiratory pressure [PEEP] expressed as cm H2O), development of pulmonary complications, and clinical outcomes. The PRoVENT study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01868321. The study has been completed. Findings Of 3023 patients screened for the study, 935 individuals fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Of these critically ill patients, 282 were at risk of ARDS (30%, 95% CI 27-33), representing 0.14 cases per ICU bed over a 1-week period. V-T was similar for patients at risk and not at risk of ARDS (median 7.6 mL/kg PBW [IQR 6.7-9.1] vs 7.9 mL/kg PBW [6.8-9.1]; p=0.346). PEEP was higher in patients at risk of ARDS compared with those not at risk (median 6.0 cm H2O [IQR 5.0-8.0] vs 5.0 cm H2O [5.0-7.0]; p<0.0001). The prevalence of ARDS in patients at risk of ARDS was higher than in individuals not at risk of ARDS (19/260 [7%] vs 17/556 [3%]; p=0.004). Compared with individuals not at risk of ARDS, patients at risk of ARDS had higher in-hospital mortality (86/543 [16%] vs 74/232 [32%]; p<0.0001), ICU mortality (62/533 [12%] vs 66/227 [29%]; p<0.0001), and 90-day mortality (109/653 [17%] vs 88/282 [31%]; p<0. 0001). V-T did not differ between patients who did and did not develop ARDS (p=0.471 for those at risk of ARDS; p=0.323 for those not at risk). Interpretation Around a third of patients receiving mechanical ventilation in the ICU were at risk of ARDS. Pulmonary complications occur frequently in patients at risk of ARDS and their clinical outcome is worse compared with those not at risk of ARDS. There is potential for improvement in the management of patients without ARDS. Further refinements are needed for prediction of ARDS.
|
|
| 2. |
- Simonis, Fabienne D., et al.
(författare)
-
Potentially modifiable respiratory variables contributing to outcome in ICU patients without ARDS : a secondary analysis of PRoVENT
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Annals of Intensive Care. - : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 2110-5820. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The majority of critically ill patients do not suffer from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). To improve the treatment of these patients, we aimed to identify potentially modifiable factors associated with outcome of these patients. Methods: The PRoVENT was an international, multicenter, prospective cohort study of consecutive patients under invasive mechanical ventilatory support. A predefined secondary analysis was to examine factors associated with mortality. The primary endpoint was all-cause in-hospital mortality. Results: 935 Patients were included. In-hospital mortality was 21%. Compared to patients who died, patients who survived had a lower risk of ARDS according to the 'Lung Injury Prediction Score' and received lower maximum airway pressure (P-max), driving pressure (Delta P), positive end-expiratory pressure, and FiO(2) levels. Tidal volume size was similar between the groups. Higher P-max was a potentially modifiable ventilatory variable associated with in-hospital mortality in multivariable analyses. Delta P was not independently associated with in-hospital mortality, but reliable values for Delta P were available for 343 patients only. Non-modifiable factors associated with in-hospital mortality were older age, presence of immunosuppression, higher non-pulmonary sequential organ failure assessment scores, lower pulse oximetry readings, higher heart rates, and functional dependence. Conclusions: Higher P-max was independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients under mechanical ventilatory support for reasons other than ARDS.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bulte, Carolien S. E., et al.
(författare)
-
The effects of preoperative moderate to severe anaemia on length of hospital stay : A propensity score-matched analysis in non-cardiac surgery patients
- 2021
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Anaesthesiology. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0265-0215 .- 1365-2346. ; 38:6, s. 571-581
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Anaemia is frequently recorded during preoperative screening and has been suggested to affect outcomes after surgery negatively.OBJECTIVES The objectives were to assess the frequency of moderate to severe anaemia and its association with length of hospital stay.DESIGN Post hoc analysis of the international observational prospective ‘Local ASsessment of VEntilatory management during General Anaesthesia for Surgery’ (LAS VEGAS) study.PATIENTS AND SETTING The current analysis included adult patients requiring general anaesthesia for non-cardiac surgery. Preoperative anaemia was defined as a haemoglobin concentration of 11 g dl−1 or lower, thus including moderate and severe anaemia according to World Health Organisation criteria.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was length of hospital stay. Secondary outcomes included hospital mortality, intra-operative adverse events and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs).RESULTS Haemoglobin concentrations were available for 8264 of 9864 patients. Preoperative moderate to severe anaemia was present in 7.7% of patients. Multivariable analysis showed that preoperative moderate to severe anaemia was associated with an increased length of hospital stay with a mean difference of 1.3 ((95% CI 0.8 to 1.8) days; P < .001). In the propensity-matched analysis, this association remained present, median 4.0 [IQR 1.0 to 5.0] vs. 2.0 [IQR 0.0 to 5.0] days, P = .001. Multivariable analysis showed an increased in-hospital mortality (OR 2.9 (95% CI 1.1 to 7.5); P = .029), and higher incidences of intra-operative hypotension (36.3 vs. 25.3%; P < .001) and PPCs (17.1 vs. 10.5%; P = .001) in moderately to severely anaemic patients. However, this was not confirmed in the propensity score-matched analysis.CONCLUSIONS In this international cohort of non-cardiac surgical patients, preoperative moderate to severe anaemia was associated with a longer duration of hospital stay but not increased intra-operative complications, PPCs or in-hospital mortality.
|
|
| 4. |
- Prowle, John R., et al.
(författare)
-
Postoperative acute kidney injury in adult non-cardiac surgery : joint consensus report of the Acute Disease Quality Initiative and PeriOperative Quality Initiative
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Nature Reviews Nephrology. - : Springer Nature. - 1759-5061 .- 1759-507X. ; 17:9, s. 605-618
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of acute kidney injury (AKI) after major non-cardiac surgery is associated with substantial long-term morbidity and mortality. This joint Consensus Statement from the Acute Disease Quality Initiative and the PeriOperative Quality Initiative provides recommendations for the definition, prevention and management of postoperative AKI. Postoperative acute kidney injury (PO-AKI) is a common complication of major surgery that is strongly associated with short-term surgical complications and long-term adverse outcomes, including increased risk of chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular events and death. Risk factors for PO-AKI include older age and comorbid diseases such as chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. PO-AKI is best defined as AKI occurring within 7 days of an operative intervention using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definition of AKI; however, additional prognostic information may be gained from detailed clinical assessment and other diagnostic investigations in the form of a focused kidney health assessment (KHA). Prevention of PO-AKI is largely based on identification of high baseline risk, monitoring and reduction of nephrotoxic insults, whereas treatment involves the application of a bundle of interventions to avoid secondary kidney injury and mitigate the severity of AKI. As PO-AKI is strongly associated with long-term adverse outcomes, some form of follow-up KHA is essential; however, the form and location of this will be dictated by the nature and severity of the AKI. In this Consensus Statement, we provide graded recommendations for AKI after non-cardiac surgery and highlight priorities for future research.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Haines, Ryan W, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparison of Cystatin C and Creatinine in the Assessment of Measured Kidney Function during Critical Illness
- 2023
-
Ingår i: American Society of Nephrology. Clinical Journal. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1555-9041 .- 1555-905X. ; 18:8, s. 997-1005
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Incomplete recovery of kidney function is an important adverse outcome in survivors of critical illness. However, unlike eGFR creatinine, eGFR cystatin C is not confounded by muscle loss and may improve identification of persistent kidney dysfunction.Methods: To assess kidney function during prolonged critical illness we enrolled 38 mechanically ventilated patients with expected length of stay of >72h near admission to ICU in a single academic medical center. We assessed sequential kidney function using creatinine, cystatin C, and iohexol clearance measurements. The primary outcome was difference between eGFR creatinine and eGFR cystatin C at ICU discharge using Bayesian regression modelling. We simultaneously measured muscle mass by ultrasound of rectus femoris to assess the confounding effect on serum creatinine generation.Results: Longer length of ICU stay was associated with greater difference between eGFR creatinine and eGFR cystatin C at a predicted rate of 2 ml/min/1.73m2/day (95% confidence interval 1-2). By ICU discharge the posterior mean difference between creatinine and cystatin C eGFR was 33 ml/min/1.73m2 (95% credible interval 24-42). In 27 patients with iohexol clearance measured close to ICU discharge, eGFR creatinine was on average 2-fold greater than the iohexol gold-standard, posterior mean difference 59 ml/min/1.73m2 (95% credible interval 49-69). The posterior mean for eGFR cystatin C suggested a 22 ml/min/1.73m2 (95% credible interval 13-31) overestimation of measured GFR. Each day in ICU resulted in a predicted 2% (95%CI 1-3%) decrease in muscle area. Change in creatinine-to-cystatin C ratio showed good longitudinal, repeated measures correlation with muscle loss, R=0.61 (95% confidence interval, 0.50-0.72).Conclusions: eGFR creatinine systematically over-estimated kidney function after prolonged critical illness. Cystatin C better estimated true kidney function as it appeared unaffected by the muscle loss of prolonged critical illness.
|
|
| 7. |
- Hemmes, Sabrine N. T., et al.
(författare)
-
Epidemiology, practice of ventilation and outcome for patients at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications : LAS VEGAS - an observational study in 29 countries
- 2017
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Anaesthesiology. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0265-0215 .- 1365-2346. ; 34:8, s. 492-507
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Limited information exists about the epidemiology and outcome of surgical patients at increased risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), and how intraoperative ventilation was managed in these patients. OBJECTIVES To determine the incidence of surgical patients at increased risk of PPCs, and to compare the intraoperative ventilation management and postoperative outcomes with patients at low risk of PPCs. DESIGN This was a prospective international 1-week observational study using the ‘Assess Respiratory Risk in Surgical Patients in Catalonia risk score’ (ARISCAT score) for PPC for risk stratification. PATIENTS AND SETTING Adult patients requiring intraoperative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery in 146 hospitals across 29 countries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the incidence of patients at increased risk of PPCs based on the ARISCAT score. Secondary outcomes included intraoperative ventilatory management and clinical outcomes. RESULTS A total of 9864 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The incidence of patients at increased risk was 28.4%. The most frequently chosen tidal volume (VT) size was 500 ml, or 7 to 9 ml kg1 predicted body weight, slightly lower in patients at increased risk of PPCs. Levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) were slightly higher in patients at increased risk of PPCs, with 14.3% receiving more than 5 cmH2O PEEP compared with 7.6% in patients at low risk of PPCs (P < 0.001). Patients with a predicted preoperative increased risk of PPCs developed PPCs more frequently: 19 versus 7%, relative risk (RR) 3.16 (95% confidence interval 2.76 to 3.61), P < 0.001) and had longer hospital stays. The only ventilatory factor associated with the occurrence of PPCs was the peak pressure. CONCLUSION The incidence of patients with a predicted increased risk of PPCs is high. A large proportion of patients receive high VT and low PEEP levels. PPCs occur frequently in patients at increased risk, with worse clinical outcome. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, number NCT01601223.
|
|
| 8. |
- Jammer, Ib, et al.
(författare)
-
Standards for definitions and use of outcome measures for clinical effectiveness research in perioperative medicine : European Perioperative Clinical Outcome (EPCO) definitions
- 2015
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Anaesthesiology. - 0265-0215 .- 1365-2346. ; 32:2, s. 88-105
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a need for large trials that test the clinical effectiveness of interventions in the field of perioperative medicine. Clinical outcome measures used in such trials must be robust, clearly defined and patient-relevant. Our objective was to develop standards for the use of clinical outcome measures to strengthen the methodological quality of perioperative medicine research. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and opinion leaders worldwide were invited to nominate papers that they believed the group should consider. The full texts of relevant articles were reviewed by the taskforce members and then discussed to reach a consensus on the required standards. The report was then circulated to opinion leaders for comment and review. This report describes definitions for 22 individual adverse events with a system of severity grading for each. In addition, four composite outcome measures were identified, which were designed to evaluate postoperative outcomes. The group also agreed on standards for four outcome measures for the evaluation of healthcare resource use and quality of life. Guidance for use of these outcome measures is provided, with particular emphasis on appropriate duration of follow-up. This report provides clearly defined and patient-relevant outcome measures for large clinical trials in perioperative medicine. These outcome measures may also be of use in clinical audit. This report is intended to complement and not replace other related work to improve assessment of clinical outcomes following specific surgical procedures.
|
|
| 9. |
- Jammer, Ib, et al.
(författare)
-
Standards for definitions and use of outcome measures for clinical effectiveness research in perioperative medicine: European Perioperative Clinical Outcome (EPCO) definitions: A statement from the ESA-ESICM joint taskforce on perioperative outcome measures.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Anaesthesiology. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1365-2346 .- 0265-0215. ; 32:2, s. 88-105
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a need for large trials that test the clinical effectiveness of interventions in the field of perioperative medicine. Clinical outcome measures used in such trials must be robust, clearly defined and patient-relevant. Our objective was to develop standards for the use of clinical outcome measures to strengthen the methodological quality of perioperative medicine research. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and opinion leaders worldwide were invited to nominate papers that they believed the group should consider. The full texts of relevant articles were reviewed by the taskforce members and then discussed to reach a consensus on the required standards. The report was then circulated to opinion leaders for comment and review. This report describes definitions for 22 individual adverse events with a system of severity grading for each. In addition, four composite outcome measures were identified, which were designed to evaluate postoperative outcomes. The group also agreed on standards for four outcome measures for the evaluation of healthcare resource use and quality of life. Guidance for use of these outcome measures is provided, with particular emphasis on appropriate duration of follow-up. This report provides clearly defined and patient-relevant outcome measures for large clinical trials in perioperative medicine. These outcome measures may also be of use in clinical audit. This report is intended to complement and not replace other related work to improve assessment of clinical outcomes following specific surgical procedures.
|
|
| 10. |
- Jawad, Monir, et al.
(författare)
-
Swedish surgical outcomes study (SweSOS) : An observational study on 30-day and 1-year mortality after surgery
- 2016
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Anaesthesiology. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1365-2346 .- 0265-0215. ; 33:5, s. 317-325
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The European Surgical Outcomes Study (EuSOS) revealed large variations in outcomes among countries. In-hospital mortality and ICU admission rates in Sweden were low, going against the assumption that access to ICU improves outcome. Long-term mortality was not reported in EuSOS and is generally poorly described in the current literature.
|
|
