| 1. |
- Langfeldt, Liv, et al.
(författare)
-
Excellence and growth dynamics: A comparative study of the Matthew effect
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1471-5430 .- 0302-3427. ; 42:5, s. 661-675
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the past two decades, centres of excellence (CoE) and other ‘research excellence initiatives’ likely to increase the cumulative advantages and stratification of science, have been implemented in many countries. Based on empirical studies of CoE in four Nordic countries, this paper examines how the resources provided by CoE schemes (generous long-term funding, prestige and visibility) add to the success and growth dynamics of the CoE. The data indicate a modified Matthew effect with ceilings and limits avoiding excessive accumulation of resources. Important impacts of the CoE are found, in particular in terms of enabling more interdisciplinary collaboration and risk-taking and enhancing international recruitment to the research areas involved. But, in contrast to what might be expected, the CoE grant seem to add less to the relative citation rate of those already performing at the highest level, than for those performing at a somewhat lower level prior to the CoE grant.
|
|
| 2. |
- Soininen, Juha-Pekka, et al.
(författare)
-
Extending Platform-Based Design to Network on Chip Systems
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the International Conference on VLSI Design.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exploitation of silicon capacity will require improvements in design productivity and more scalable system paradigms. Asynchronous message passing networks on chip (NOC) have been proposed as backbones for billion-transistor ASICs. We present a novel layered backbone-platform-system (BPS) design methodology for development of network-on-chip based products. It combines and extends the distributed, parallel, embedded and platform-based design concepts in order to manage the diversity and complexity of NOCbased-systems. The reuse of communication principles in various platforms, the reuse of platforms in product differentiation, and system-level decision-support methods are the cornerstones of our methodology. The presented mappability estimation and workload simulations demonstrate the feasibility of such methods.
|
|
| 3. |
- Torregrosa Hetland, Sara, et al.
(författare)
-
Impact of innovation policy on firm innovation : A comparison of Finland and Sweden, 1970-2013
- 2017
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To what extent have public policies contributed to the innovation performance of Finland and Sweden in the period 1970-2013? This paper aims to assess the share of innovations stimulated by the public sector, specifically because of receiving public funding or being the result of research collaboration with public institutions. We combine survey and LBIO results on these variables, to overcome reporting biases found in the two methods.The main data comes from the new UDIT dataset, which gathers the most significant innovations of both countries for the period, in total about 4,100 Swedish and 2,600 Finnish innovations. It has been constructed following the LBIO method (Literature Based Innovation Output), which obtains information on relevant commercialized innovations from general technology journals as well as industry specific trade journals.Our results indicate that Finland had a substantially larger public involvement in these innovations than Sweden. This is specially true in the years between 1990 and 2000, when we see a drop in the relative role of the Swedish public sector in innovation output, while the Finnish trends are constant or slightly increasing over the period. However, in both countries public policies lie behind a significant share of the innovations (30-50% in Finland, 15-35% in Sweden), and in the Swedish case we can further assess that the publicly stimulated innovations were more often found among the most significant new products (written about in several articles).
|
|
| 4. |
- Torregrosa-Hetland, Sara, et al.
(författare)
-
The prevalence of publicly stimulated innovations – A comparison of Finland and Sweden, 1970–2013
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Research Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-7333.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While the role played by the state in stimulating innovation in the private sector has been a prevalent interest in innovation research, studies analysing the impacts of public interventions have usually focused on individual policies, programs or projects. Public stimulation is hence often studied from a relatively restricted and temporarily confined perspective, leaving a macro-level and longer-term perspective unrecognized. This article provides further evidence on the matter by examining how many innovations in Finland and Sweden have been publicly stimulated through funding or research collaboration, over a period of more than four decades (1970–2013). Our main source is a new innovation database constructed following the Literature Based Innovation Output (LBIO) method, which gathers the most significant innovations of both countries for the study period, totalling approximately 4100 Swedish and 2600 Finnish innovations. Our results indicate that the public sector has played a very prominent role in stimulating private innovation in both countries, and with an increasing trend. This is especially true for Finland, where 35–55% of the innovations of the period have been stimulated by public funding and 25–65% by collaboration with public research. In Sweden, the share of publicly stimulated innovations has been somewhat lower and erratic, but has increased over time.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
