| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Ameer, Shegufta, et al.
(författare)
-
Exposure to Inorganic Arsenic Is Associated with Increased Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Longer Telomere Length in Peripheral Blood
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-634X. ; 4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) through drinking water causes cancer. Alterations in mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) and telomere length in blood have been associated with cancer risk. We elucidated if arsenic exposure alters mtDNAcn and telomere length in individuals with different arsenic metabolizing capacity.METHODS: We studied two groups in the Salta province, Argentina, one in the Puna area of the Andes (N = 264, 89% females) and one in Chaco (N = 169, 75% females). We assessed arsenic exposure as the sum of arsenic metabolites [iAs, methylarsonic acid (MMA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA)] in urine (U-As) using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Efficiency of arsenic metabolism was expressed as percentage of urinary metabolites. MtDNAcn and telomere length were determined in blood by real-time PCR.RESULTS: Median U-As was 196 (5-95 percentile: 21-537) μg/L in Andes and 80 (5-95 percentile: 15-1637) μg/L in Chaco. The latter study group had less-efficient metabolism, with higher %iAs and %MMA in urine compared with the Andean group. U-As was significantly associated with increased mtDNAcn (log2 transformed to improve linearity) in Chaco (β = 0.027 per 100 μg/L, p = 0.0085; adjusted for age and sex), but not in Andes (β = 0.025, p = 0.24). U-As was also associated with longer telomere length in Chaco (β = 0.016, p = 0.0066) and Andes (β = 0.0075, p = 0.029). In both populations, individuals with above median %iAs showed significantly higher mtDNAcn and telomere length compared with individuals with below median %iAs.CONCLUSIONS: Arsenic was associated with increased mtDNAcn and telomere length, particularly in individuals with less-efficient arsenic metabolism, a group who may have increased risk for arsenic-related cancer.
|
|
| 3. |
- Rollano-Peñaloza, Oscar M., et al.
(författare)
-
The Disease Progression and Molecular Defense Response in Chenopodium Quinoa Infected with Peronospora Variabilis, the Causal Agent of Quinoa Downy Mildew
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Plants. - : MDPI AG. - 2223-7747. ; 11:21
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Downy mildew disease, caused by the biotrophic oomycete Peronospora variabilis, is the largest threat to the cultivation of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) in the Andean highlands, and occurs worldwide. However, so far, no molecular study of the quinoa–Peronospora interaction has been reported. Here, we developed tools to study downy mildew disease in quinoa at the gene expression level. P. variabilis was isolated and maintained, allowing the study of downy mildew disease progression in two quinoa cultivars under controlled conditions. Quinoa gene expression changes induced by P. variabilis were analyzed by qRT-PCR, for quinoa homologues of A. thaliana pathogen-associated genes. Overall, we observed a slower disease progression and higher tolerance in the quinoa cultivar Kurmi than in the cultivar Maniqueña Real. The quinoa orthologs of putative defense genes such as the catalase CqCAT2 and the endochitinase CqEP3 showed no changes in gene expression. In contrast, quinoa orthologs of other defense response genes such as the transcription factor CqWRKY33 and the chaperone CqHSP90 were significantly induced in plants infected with P. variabilis. These genes could be used as defense response markers to select quinoa cultivars that are more tolerant to P. variabilis infection.
|
|
| 4. |
- Rollano Penaloza, Oscar Miguel, et al.
(författare)
-
Trichoderma harzianum T-22 and BOL-12QD inhibits lateral root development of Chenopodium quinoa in axenic co-culture
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Cogent Biology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2331-2025. ; 4:1530493
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate the symbiotic interaction of Trichoderma harzianum Rifaion Chenopodium quinoa Willd. in isolation, we studied axenic co-culture of the T. harzianum isolates T-22 and BOL-12QD and the C. quinoa cultivars Kurmi andManiqueña real. Neither T-22 nor BOL-12QD affected seedling growth during two days of co-culture in the early growth phase of rapid primary root extension.However, after longer axenic co-culture, T-22 and BOL-12 were found to significantly inhibit the overall growth of C. quinoa cv. Kurmi and Real, affecting also vitality parameters as seen for chlorophyll and betalains. Lateral root development was strongly inhibited in all plant−fungal combinations, leaving stunted lateral roots. These results suggest that T. harzianum has a general capacity to inhibit the growth of C. quinoa plants with a main effect on the lateral root development.
|
|
