| 1. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
-
Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
|
|
| 2. |
-
- 2019
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Kato, Norihiro, et al.
(författare)
-
Trans-ancestry genome-wide association study identifies 12 genetic loci influencing blood pressure and implicates a role for DNA methylation
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 47:11, s. 1282-1293
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We carried out a trans-ancestry genome-wide association and replication study of blood pressure phenotypes among up to 320,251 individuals of East Asian, European and South Asian ancestry. We find genetic variants at 12 new loci to be associated with blood pressure (P = 3.9 × 10−11 to 5.0 × 10−21). The sentinel blood pressure SNPs are enriched for association with DNA methylation at multiple nearby CpG sites, suggesting that, at some of the loci identified, DNA methylation may lie on the regulatory pathway linking sequence variation to blood pressure. The sentinel SNPs at the 12 new loci point to genes involved in vascular smooth muscle (IGFBP3, KCNK3, PDE3A and PRDM6) and renal (ARHGAP24, OSR1, SLC22A7 and TBX2) function. The new and known genetic variants predict increased left ventricular mass, circulating levels of NT-proBNP, and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality (P = 0.04 to 8.6 × 10−6). Our results provide new evidence for the role of DNA methylation in blood pressure regulation.
|
|
| 5. |
- Luo, Yifei, et al.
(författare)
-
Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors
- 2023
-
Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society. - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 17:6, s. 5211-5295
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner and capitalized for the betterment of humanity.
|
|
| 6. |
- Tang, Hu, et al.
(författare)
-
Boron-Rich Molybdenum Boride with Unusual Short-Range Vacancy Ordering, Anisotropic Hardness, and Superconductivity
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Chemistry of Materials. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0897-4756 .- 1520-5002. ; 32:1, s. 459-467
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Determination of the structures of materials involving more light elements such as boron-rich compounds is challenging and technically important in understanding their varied compositions and superior functionalities. Here we resolve the long-standing uncertainties in structure and composition about the highest boride (termed MoB4, Mo1-xB3, or MoB3) through the rapid formation of large sized boron-rich molybdenum boride under pressure. Using high-quality single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, we reveal that boron-rich molybdenum boride with a composition of Mo0.757B3 exhibits P6(3)/mmc symmetry with a partial occupancy of 0.514 in 211 Mo sites (Mol), and direct observations reveal the short-range ordering of cation vacancies in (010) crystal planes. Large anisotropic Young's moduli and Vickers hardness are seen for Mo0.757B3, which may be attributed by its two-dimensional boron distributions. Mo0.757B3 is also found to be superconducting with a transition temperature (T-c) of 2.4 K, which was confirmed by measurements of resistivity and magnetic susceptibility. Theoretical calculations suggest that the partial occupancy of Mo atoms plays a crucial role in the emergence of superconductivity.
|
|
| 7. |
- Wang, Xinping, et al.
(författare)
-
Nature of three episodes of Paleoproterozoic magmatism (2180 Ma, 2115 Ma and 1890 Ma) in the Liaoji belt, North China with implications for tectonic evolution
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Precambrian Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-9268. ; 298, s. 252-267
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three episodes of Paleoproterozoic magmatism with distinctively different nature in the Liaoji belt of the Eastern North China Craton are discussed here: the 2200–2140 Ma Liaoji A-type granites, the 2160–2110 Ma Haicheng mafic sills and the ∼1890 Ma Qingchengzi I-type granites. The Mafeng monzogranitic pluton, representative of the Liaoji A-type granites, gives a SIMS U-Pb zircon age of 2181 ± 6 Ma (n = 20, MSWD = 4.3). The Qingchengzi plagiogranitic pluton, representative of the Qingchengzi I-type granites, gives a SIMS U-Pb zircon age of 1891 ± 10 Ma (n = 8, MSWD = 1.8). The Mafeng monzogranites are high in Fe, Ti, K but low in Mg, Al and Ca. They have high abundance of total REEs (ΣREE = 213–346 ppm). They are relatively depleted in feldspar-compatible elements (e.g., Eu and Sr) and HFSEs (e.g., Nb, Ta, P and Ti). They have high 10000 × Ga/Al ratios of 3.19–3.61 and Zr + Nb + Ce + Y concentrations of 472–656 ppm, which are typical for A-type granite. The Qingchengzi plagiogranites have relatively high Al, Ca, Na but low Fe, Ti and K contents. They have low abundance of total REEs (ΣREE = 17.6–21.6 ppm). They are enriched in LILEs (e.g., Ba, K and Sr) but depleted in HFSEs (e.g., Nb, Ta, P, Ti and Y). These features, combined with extremely high Sr/Y ratios (327–413), are comparable with those of typical modern adakites. The Liaoji A-type granites show a source same to that of the Haicheng mafic sills and they originated from the Archean subcontinental lithospheric mantle plus with contamination from the Archean granites. However, the Qingchengzi I-type granites are interpreted to originate from subducted oceanic crust with significant contributions from sediments. The Liaoji A-type granites and the coeval bimodal volcanism in the Liaohe Group as well as the Haicheng mafic sills may represent episodic magmatism which was related to a protracted intra-continental rifting caused by lithospheric extension. The ca. 1890 Ma Qingchengzi I-type granites and coexisting S-type granites as well as the coeval regional metamorphism are favored to represent an active continental magmatism linked to Paleoproterozoic subduction.
|
|
| 8. |
- Abbas, Asad, et al.
(författare)
-
Framework of Collaboration in Knowledge Transfer of High Technology Industries
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Quality - Access to Success. - 1582-2559 .- 2069-2242. ; 19:163
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The concept of Triple Helix relates to collaboration between universities, governments and industry. Such collaboration can take different forms in different countries. This paper examines collaboration between universities and industry in China, specifically in the city of Hefei in Anhui province, one of the most rapidly developing regions in the country. In so doing, it seeks to address the research question: How does industry collaborate with universities in order to acquire commercialized knowledge? Design/ Methodology/ Approach - The study is qualitative, based on interviews with experts in R & D, and Intellectual Property Rights from high-tech companies based in Hefei. We analyzed our findings using a conceptual framework that focuses on Knowledge Transfer and Innovation Diffusion (Liyanage et al, 2012). Our study describes and discusses the entire process, from an initial awareness of new knowledge to its eventual acquisition.Findings and implications - We conclude that Chinese high-tech companies design comprehensive strategies for the acquisition of knowledge generated from external sources. These strategies are based on local, provincial and state government industrial policies that aim to support collaboration with universities and implement external knowledge in existing systems.Originality - Commercialized knowledge put into practice by industries for their own innovation and commercial purposes.Limitation - We interviewed industrial experts from three high-tech companies in the city of Hefei, which is located in an industrial area of Anhui province.
|
|
| 9. |
- Godoy, Patricio, et al.
(författare)
-
Recent advances in 2D and 3D in vitro systems using primary hepatocytes, alternative hepatocyte sources and non-parenchymal liver cells and their use in investigating mechanisms of hepatotoxicity, cell signaling and ADME
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Archives of Toxicology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-5761 .- 1432-0738. ; 87:8, s. 1315-1530
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This review encompasses the most important advances in liver functions and hepatotoxicity and analyzes which mechanisms can be studied in vitro. In a complex architecture of nested, zonated lobules, the liver consists of approximately 80 % hepatocytes and 20 % non-parenchymal cells, the latter being involved in a secondary phase that may dramatically aggravate the initial damage. Hepatotoxicity, as well as hepatic metabolism, is controlled by a set of nuclear receptors (including PXR, CAR, HNF-4 alpha, FXR, LXR, SHP, VDR and PPAR) and signaling pathways. When isolating liver cells, some pathways are activated, e.g., the RAS/MEK/ERK pathway, whereas others are silenced (e.g. HNF-4 alpha), resulting in up- and downregulation of hundreds of genes. An understanding of these changes is crucial for a correct interpretation of in vitro data. The possibilities and limitations of the most useful liver in vitro systems are summarized, including three-dimensional culture techniques, co-cultures with non-parenchymal cells, hepatospheres, precision cut liver slices and the isolated perfused liver. Also discussed is how closely hepatoma, stem cell and iPS cell-derived hepatocyte-like-cells resemble real hepatocytes. Finally, a summary is given of the state of the art of liver in vitro and mathematical modeling systems that are currently used in the pharmaceutical industry with an emphasis on drug metabolism, prediction of clearance, drug interaction, transporter studies and hepatotoxicity. One key message is that despite our enthusiasm for in vitro systems, we must never lose sight of the in vivo situation. Although hepatocytes have been isolated for decades, the hunt for relevant alternative systems has only just begun.
|
|
| 10. |
- Kattge, Jens, et al.
(författare)
-
TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:1, s. 119-188
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
|
|
