| 1. |
- Altarabichi, Mohammed Ghaith, et al.
(författare)
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Reaction Time Variability Association with Unsafe Driving
- 2020
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Ingår i: Transport Research Arena TRA2020. - Helsinki, Finland.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates several human factors including visual field, reaction speed, driving behavior and personality traits based on results of a cognitive assessment test targeting drivers in a Naturalistic Driving Study (NDS). Frequency of being involved in Near Miss event (fnm) and Frequency of committing Traffic Violation (ftv) are defined as indexes of safe driving in this work. Inference of association shows statistically significant correlation between Standard Deviation of Reaction Time (σRT) and both safe driving indexes fnm and ftv. Causal relationship analysis excludes age as confounding factor as variations in behavioral responses is observed in both younger and older drivers of this study.
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| 2. |
- Barack, Leor, et al.
(författare)
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Black holes, gravitational waves and fundamental physics : a roadmap
- 2019
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Ingår i: Classical and quantum gravity. - : IOP Publishing. - 0264-9381 .- 1361-6382. ; 36:14
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The grand challenges of contemporary fundamental physics dark matter, dark energy, vacuum energy, inflation and early universe cosmology, singularities and the hierarchy problem all involve gravity as a key component. And of all gravitational phenomena, black holes stand out in their elegant simplicity, while harbouring some of the most remarkable predictions of General Relativity: event horizons, singularities and ergoregions. The hitherto invisible landscape of the gravitational Universe is being unveiled before our eyes: the historical direct detection of gravitational waves by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration marks the dawn of a new era of scientific exploration. Gravitational-wave astronomy will allow us to test models of black hole formation, growth and evolution, as well as models of gravitational-wave generation and propagation. It will provide evidence for event horizons and ergoregions, test the theory of General Relativity itself, and may reveal the existence of new fundamental fields. The synthesis of these results has the potential to radically reshape our understanding of the cosmos and of the laws of Nature. The purpose of this work is to present a concise, yet comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the relevant fields of research, summarize important open problems, and lay out a roadmap for future progress. This write-up is an initiative taken within the framework of the European Action on 'Black holes, Gravitational waves and Fundamental Physics'.
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| 3. |
- Hussaini, Mussa, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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The strategic choice of payment method in takeovers: The role of environmental, social and governance performance
- 2023
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Ingår i: Business Strategy and the Environment. - : Wiley. - 0964-4733 .- 1099-0836. ; 32:1, s. 200-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Payment method choice in takeovers is mainly driven by both asymmetric information between the acquirer and the target and the acquirer's financial capability. In this paper, we examine whether increased transparency and better access to finance induced by environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance are associated with the strategic choice of payment method in takeovers. More specifically, we investigate how the acquirer's and the target's ESG coverage and different levels of ESG performance affect the probability of cash offers in a sample of 836 US takeovers from 1992 to 2014. In examining the target, our results suggest that ESG coverage is positively associated with the probability of cash offers, whereas we find a negative relationship for ESG concerns and no effect for ESG strengths. Upon examining the acquirer, ESG coverage and ESG concerns both increase the probability of cash offers; however, we do not find results supporting our prediction regarding the acquirer's ESG strengths. We infer that ESG coverage and level affect strategic considerations in the choice of the payment method in takeovers because they not only reduce information asymmetry, but also enhance financing capability.
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| 4. |
- Hussaini, Mussa, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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The value of information risk: is there an acquisition discount for less readable financial disclosures?
- 2024
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Ingår i: Applied Economics. - 0003-6846 .- 1466-4283.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The readability of financial disclosures plays a crucial role in how firms effectively communicate value-relevant information to the market. This study investigates the association between readability and firm valuation within the context of takeovers. We find that target firms with less readable annual reports receive lower bids and earn lower announcement returns. Our findings suggest that both acquirers and the market discount opaque targets, especially in inter-industry acquisitions, where adverse selection is more severe compared to intra-industry deals.
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| 5. |
- Whiteman, Gail, et al.
(författare)
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Planetary Boundaries : Ecological Foundations for Corporate Sustainability
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Management Studies. - : Wiley. - 0022-2380 .- 1467-6486. ; 50:2, s. 307-336
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Management studies on corporate sustainability practices have grown considerably. The field now has significant knowledge of sustainability issues that are firm and industry focused. However, complex ecological problems are increasing, not decreasing. In this paper, we argue that it is time for corporate sustainability scholars to reconsider the ecological and systemic foundations for sustainability, and to integrate our work more closely with the natural sciences. To address this, our paper introduces a new development in the natural sciences the delineation of nine Planetary Boundaries' which govern life as we know it. We call for more systemic research that measures the impact of companies on boundary processes that are at, or possibly beyond, three threshold points climate change, the global nitrogen cycle, and rate of biodiversity loss and closing in on others. We also discuss practical implications of the Planetary Boundaries framework for corporate sustainability, including governance and institutional challenges.
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