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- Walton, Esther, et al.
(författare)
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Brain Structure in Acutely Underweight and Partially Weight-Restored Individuals With Anorexia Nervosa : A Coordinated Analysis by the ENIGMA Eating Disorders Working Group
- 2022
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Ingår i: Biological Psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 0006-3223 .- 1873-2402. ; 92:9, s. 730-738
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The pattern of structural brain abnormalities in anorexia nervosa (AN) is still not well understood. While several studies report substantial deficits in gray matter volume and cortical thickness in acutely underweight patients, others find no differences, or even increases in patients compared with healthy control subjects. Recent weight regain before scanning may explain some of this heterogeneity. To clarify the extent, magnitude, and de-pendencies of gray matter changes in AN, we conducted a prospective, coordinated meta-analysis of multicenter neuroimaging data.METHODS: We analyzed T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging scans assessed with standardized methods from 685 female patients with AN and 963 female healthy control subjects across 22 sites worldwide. In addition to a case-control comparison, we conducted a 3-group analysis comparing healthy control subjects with acutely underweight AN patients (n = 466) and partially weight-restored patients in treatment (n = 251).RESULTS: In AN, reductions in cortical thickness, subcortical volumes, and, to a lesser extent, cortical surface area were sizable (Cohen's d up to 0.95), widespread, and colocalized with hub regions. Highlighting the effects of un-dernutrition, these deficits were associated with lower body mass index in the AN sample and were less pronounced in partially weight-restored patients.CONCLUSIONS: The effect sizes observed for cortical thickness deficits in acute AN are the largest of any psychiatric disorder investigated in the ENIGMA (Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta Analysis) Consortium to date. These results confirm the importance of considering weight loss and renutrition in biomedical research on AN and underscore the importance of treatment engagement to prevent potentially long-lasting structural brain changes in this population.
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- Asef, P., et al.
(författare)
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Load identification of different Halbach-array topologies on permanent magnet synchronous generators using the coupled field-circuit FE methodology
- 2018
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Ingår i: Electric power systems research. - : Elsevier. - 0378-7796 .- 1873-2046. ; 154, s. 484-492
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, the influence of gap consideration on load identification under various Halbach-array-based topologies (HABOs) is investigated while the system is on-duty. The load characteristics of a radial flux generator with closed-slots and the exterior rotor topology is discussed, where the effect of eddy-currents are observed. This comparative study deals with the consideration of the combined moment of inertia calculation that demonstrates how electromagnetic-based post processing calculations are estimated without the aid of nominal machine parameter values. The analysis was performed using a 2-D finite-element simulation of different HABOs with the gap consideration between the segments. Additionally, a comprehensive comparison with no gap is considered. Also, the dynamic analysis using an uncontrolled conventional rectifier model is used to derive effected key output parameters such as torque, output power, power factor, and line-to-line voltage. The major objective of the study is to determine corresponding load results in order to employ the most suitable and capable magnetization topology from the load perspective in the PM synchronous generator (PMSGs). Accordingly, the maximum power (MP) point was carried out to maximize the output DC power. With respect to the combined moment of inertia estimation, the load parameter estimation is verified experimentally on a surface-mounted PMSG using different magnetization topologies. Furthermore, commercial and environmental issues of the project are considered to reduce CO2 emissions as part of green power generation development.
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- Asef, Pedram, et al.
(författare)
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Multiobjective Design Optimization Using Dual-Level Response Surface Methodology and Booth's Algorithm for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on energy conversion. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0885-8969 .- 1558-0059. ; 33:2, s. 652-659
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies a dual-level response surface methodology (DRSM) coupled with Booth's algorithm using a simulated annealing (BA-SA) method as a multiobjective technique for parametric modeling and machine design optimization for the first time. The aim of the research is for power maximization and cost of manufacture minimization resulting in a highly optimized wind generator to improve small power generation performance. The DRSM is employed to determine the best set of design parameters for power maximization in a surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous generator with an exterior-rotor topology. Additionally, the BA-SA method is investigated to minimize material cost while keeping the volume constant. DRSM by different design functions including mixed resolution robust design, full factorial design, central composite design, and box-behnken design are applied to optimize the power performance resulting in very small errors. An analysis of the variance via multilevel RSM plots is used to check the adequacy of fit in the design region and determines the parameter settings to manufacture a high-quality wind generator. The analytical and numerical calculations have been experimentally verified and have successfully validated the theoretical and multiobjective optimization design methods presented.
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- Zetterström, Olle, 1940-, et al.
(författare)
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Improved asthma control with budesonide/formeterol in a single inhaler, compared with budesonide alone
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 18:2, s. 262-268
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Budesonide/formoterol in a single inhaler was compared with budesonide alone, and with concurrent administration of budesonide and formoterol from separate inhalers, in patients with asthma, not controlled with inhaled glucocorticosteroids alone. In this 12-week, double-blind, randomized, double-dummy study, 362 adult asthmatics (forced expiratory volume in one second 73.8% of predicted, inhaled glucocorticosteroid dose 960 ╡g╖day-1) received single inhaler budesonide/formoterol (Symbicort « Turbuhaler «) 160/4.5 ╡g, two inhalations b.i.d., or corresponding treatment with budesonide, or budesonide plus formoterol via separate inhalers. There was a greater increase in morning peak expiratory flow (PEF) with single-inhaler (35.7 L╖min-1) and separate-inhaler (32.0 L╖min-1) budesonide and formoterol, compared with budesonide alone (0.2 L╖min-1, p<0.001, both comparisons), the effect was apparent after 1 day (p<0.001 versus budesonide, both comparisons). Similarly, evening PEF, use of rescue medication, total asthma symptom scores and percentage of symptom-free days improved more with both single inhaler and separate inhaler therapy than with budesonide alone, as did asthma control days (~15% more, p<0.001 versus budesonide, both comparisons, with a marked increase in the first week). All treatments were well tolerated and the adverse event profile was similar in all three treatment groups. It is concluded that single inhaler therapy with budesonide and formoterol is a clinically effective and well-tolerated treatment for patients with asthma that is not fully controlled by inhaled glucocorticosteroids alone.
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