| 1. |
- Blösch, Günter, et al.
(författare)
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Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) - a community perspective
- 2019
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Ingår i: Hydrological Sciences Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0262-6667 .- 2150-3435. ; 64:10, s. 1141-1158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is the outcome of a community initiative to identify major unsolved scientific problems in hydrology motivated by a need for stronger harmonisation of research efforts. The procedure involved a public consultation through online media, followed by two workshops through which a large number of potential science questions were collated, prioritised, and synthesised. In spite of the diversity of the participants (230 scientists in total), the process revealed much about community priorities and the state of our science: a preference for continuity in research questions rather than radical departures or redirections from past and current work. Questions remain focused on the process-based understanding of hydrological variability and causality at all space and time scales. Increased attention to environmental change drives a new emphasis on understanding how change propagates across interfaces within the hydrological system and across disciplinary boundaries. In particular, the expansion of the human footprint raises a new set of questions related to human interactions with nature and water cycle feedbacks in the context of complex water management problems. We hope that this reflection and synthesis of the 23 unsolved problems in hydrology will help guide research efforts for some years to come.
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| 2. |
- Guerin, Charles-Antoine, et al.
(författare)
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Empirical testing of the infinite source poisson data traffice model
- 2003
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Ingår i: Stochastic models. ; 19, s. 156-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The infinite source Poisson model is a fluid queue approximation of network data transmission that assumes that sources begin constant rate transmissions of data at Poisson time points for random lengths of time. This model has been a popular one as analysts attempt to provide explanations for observed features in telecommunications data such as self-similarity, long range dependence and heavy tails. We survey some features of this model in cases where transmission length distributions have (a) tails so heavy that means are infinite, (b) heavy tails with finite mean and infinite variance and (c) finite variance. We survey the self-similarity properties of various descriptor processes in this model and then present analyses of four data sets which show that certain features of the model are consistent with the data while others are contradicted. The data sets are 1) the Boston University 1995 study of web sessions, 2) the UC Berkeley home IP HTTP data collected in November 1996, 3) traces collected in end of 1997 at a Customer Service Switch in Munich, and 4) detailed data from a corporate Ericsson WWW server from October 1998.
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| 3. |
- Guerin, Charles-Antoine, et al.
(författare)
-
Empirical testing of the infinite source poisson data traffice model
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Stochastic models. ; 19, s. 156-196
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The infinite source Poisson model is a fluid queueapproximation of network data transmission thatassumes that sources begin constant rate transmissions of data at Poissontime points for random lengths of time. This model has been a popularone as analysts attempt to provide explanations for observed featuresin telecommunications data such as self-similarity, long rangedependence and heavy tails. We survey some features of this modelin cases where transmission length distributions have (a) tails so heavythat means are infinite, (b) heavy tails with finite mean andinfinite variance and (c) finite variance. We survey theself-similarity properties of various descriptor processes in thismodel and then present analyses of four data sets which show thatcertain features of the model are consistent with the data whileothers are contradicted. The data sets are 1) the Boston University1995 study of web sessions, 2) the UC Berkeley home IP HTTPdata collected in November 1996, 3) traces collectedin end of 1997 at a Customer Service Switch in Munich, and 4) detailed data from a corporate Ericsson WWW serverfrom October 1998.
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| 4. |
- Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Genome sequence, comparative analysis and haplotype structure of the domestic dog.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 438:7069, s. 803-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here we report a high-quality draft genome sequence of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris), together with a dense map of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across breeds. The dog is of particular interest because it provides important evolutionary information and because existing breeds show great phenotypic diversity for morphological, physiological and behavioural traits. We use sequence comparison with the primate and rodent lineages to shed light on the structure and evolution of genomes and genes. Notably, the majority of the most highly conserved non-coding sequences in mammalian genomes are clustered near a small subset of genes with important roles in development. Analysis of SNPs reveals long-range haplotypes across the entire dog genome, and defines the nature of genetic diversity within and across breeds. The current SNP map now makes it possible for genome-wide association studies to identify genes responsible for diseases and traits, with important consequences for human and companion animal health.
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| 5. |
- Perrin, Charles L, et al.
(författare)
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One-bond C-C coupling constants in ethers are not primarily determined by N-sigma delocalization.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 127:17, s. 6168-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One-bond carbon-carbon coupling constants, 1JCC, were measured for a series of cyclic and acyclic ethers. Surprisingly, the dependence on COCC dihedral angle, tau, parallels cos(tau), rather than the cos(2tau) characteristic of n-sigma* delocalization. These results complement recently calculated 1JCH values in three ethers. The variations in 1J are not primarily determined by delocalization but instead are attributed to a dipolar interaction that affects electron density, perhaps via the hybridization.
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