| 1. |
- Rodilla, Helena, 1982, et al.
(författare)
-
Applying THz Technology in Life Science
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Swedish Microwave Days. Gigahertz Symposium, March 11-12, 2014. Gothenburg, Sweden.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bio-molecules, due to their structure and size, have vibrational and rotational resonances at THz frequencies (0.1 to 10 THz) [1]. This unique interaction promises a multitude of applications in life sciences, wherein the latest development of THz sources and detectors has enabled this field of research to grow. Although being at an early and mostly exploratory stage of development, this field is riddled with many challenges that should be overcome; measurements of inhomogeneous media, short interaction lengths with few molecules, strong water absorption, and also the cultural gap between medical and engineering communities. In this work we present our preliminary results for three experiments within this field.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Browne, Katherine, et al.
(författare)
-
How does policy coherence shape effectiveness and inequality? Implications for sustainable development and the 2030 Agenda
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Sustainable Development. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0968-0802 .- 1099-1719. ; 31:5, s. 3161-3174
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the formulation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, many promoted policy coherence as a key tool to ensure achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in a way that “leaves no one behind.” Their argument assumed that coherent policymaking contributes to more effective policies and supports over-arching efforts to reduce inequality. As the 2030 Agenda reaches the halfway point, however, countries are falling short on many SDGs, particularly SDG 10 (reduce inequality). This study revisits the basic assumptions about policy coherence underpinning the SDGs. We systematically screened the peer-reviewed literature to identify 40 studies that provide evidence about whether coherent policymaking contributes to more effective outcomes and helps to reduce inequality. We find that coherent policymaking did not help reduce inequality in a majority of cases and made it worse in several. Our findings challenge the narrative that coherence is a necessary pre-condition for progress on the SDGs for all people.
|
|
| 5. |
- Erdelyi, Mate, 1975, et al.
(författare)
-
Chemistry and Folding of Photomodulable Peptides - Stilbene and Thioaurone-type Conformational Switches
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry. - 1477-0520. ; 6:23, s. 5346-4373
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Optimized synthetic strategies for the preparation of photoswitchable molecular scaffolds based on stilbene or on thioaurone chromophores and their conformationally directing properties, as studied by computations and by NMR spectroscopy, are addressed. For the stilbene peptidomimetics 1, 2 and 3, the length of connecting linkers between the chromophore and the peptide strands was varied, resulting in photochromic dipeptidomimetics with various flexibility. Building blocks of higher rigidity, based on para-substituted thioaurone (4 and 6) and meta-substituted thioaurone chromophores (5 and 7) are shown to have a stronger conformationally directing effect. Design, synthesis, theoretical and experimental conformational analyses are presented.
|
|
| 6. |
- Lindberg, Olle R, et al.
(författare)
-
EGF-Induced Expansion of Migratory Cells in the Rostral Migratory Stream
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presence of neural stem cells in the adult brain is currently widely accepted and efforts are made to harness the regenerative potential of these cells. The dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation, and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the anterior lateral ventricles, are considered the main loci of adult neurogenesis. The rostral migratory stream (RMS) is the structure funneling SVZ progenitor cells through the forebrain to their final destination in the olfactory bulb. Moreover, extensive proliferation occurs in the RMS. Some evidence suggest the presence of stem cells in the RMS, but these cells are few and possibly of limited differentiation potential. We have recently demonstrated the specific expression of the cytoskeleton linker protein radixin in neuroblasts in the RMS and in oligodendrocyte progenitors throughout the brain. These cell populations are greatly altered after intracerebroventricular infusion of epidermal growth factor (EGF). In the current study we investigate the effect of EGF infusion on the rat RMS. We describe a specific increase of radixin(+)/Olig2(+) cells in the RMS. Negative for NG2 and CNPase, these radixin+/Olig2(+) cells are distinct from typical oligodendrocyte progenitors. The expanded Olig2(+) population responds rapidly to EGF and proliferates after only 24 hours along the entire RMS, suggesting local activation by EGF throughout the RMS rather than migration from the SVZ. In addition, the radixin+/Olig2(+) progenitors assemble in chains in vivo and migrate in chains in explant cultures, suggesting that they possess migratory properties within the RMS. In summary, these results provide insight into the adaptive capacity of the RMS and point to an additional stem cell source for future brain repair strategies.
|
|
| 7. |
- Paulson, Linda, 1971, et al.
(författare)
-
Effect of levetiracetam on hippocampal protein expression and cell proliferation in rats.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Epilepsy research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-6844 .- 0920-1211. ; 90:1-2, s. 110-20
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Levetiracetam (LEV) is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug (AED) with possibly also antiepileptogenic properties. LEV has a specific binding site in the central nervous system and reduces brain excitability; however, the precise mechanism of action (MOA) of LEV remains unclear. To further unravel the potential MOA pathways of LEV we investigated altered protein expression and cell proliferation in rat hippocampal tissue during LEV administration.
|
|
| 8. |
- Persson, Åsa, 1980, et al.
(författare)
-
Expression of ezrin radixin moesin proteins in the adult subventricular zone and the rostral migratory stream.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Neuroscience. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-7544 .- 0306-4522. ; 167:2, s. 312-22
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuous proliferation occurs in the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles throughout life. In the SVZ, progenitor cells differentiate into neuroblasts, which migrate tangentially along the rostral migratory stream (RMS) to reach their final destination in the olfactory bulb. These progenitor cells mature and integrate into the existing neural network of the olfactory bulb. Long distance migration of neuroblasts in the RMS requires a highly dynamic cytoskeleton with the ability to respond to surrounding stimuli. Radixin is a member of the ERM (Ezrin, Radixin, Moesin) family, which connect the actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix through transmembrane proteins. The membrane-cytoskeleton linker proteins of the ERM family may regulate cellular events with a high demand on cytoskeleton plasticity, such as cell motility. Recently, specific expression of the ERM protein ezrin was shown in the RMS. Radixin however has not been characterized in this region. Here we used immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy to examine the expression of radixin in the different cell types of the adult subventricular zone niche and in the RMS. Our findings indicate that radixin is strongly expressed in neuroblasts of the adult RMS and subventricular zone, and also in Olig2-positive cells. We also demonstrate the presence of radixin in the cerebral cortex, striatum, cerebellum, thalamus, hippocampus as well as the granular and periglomerular layers of the olfactory bulb. Our studies also reveal the localization of radixin in neurosphere culture studies and we reveal the specificity of our labeling using Western blotting. The expression pattern demonstrated here suggests a role for radixin in neuronal migration and differentiation in the adult RMS. Understanding how adult neuronal migration is regulated is of importance for the development of new therapeutic interventions using endogenous repair for neurodegenerative diseases.
|
|
| 9. |
- Persson, Åsa, 1980
(författare)
-
Induction of the cytoskeletal protein radixin in the adult brain
- 2012
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Abstract Neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) proliferate throughout life in two regions of the brain, namely the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of dentate gyrus in the hippocampus. In the adult SVZ, NSPCs give rise to neuroblasts that leave the SVZ for long distance migration along the rostral migratory stream (RMS), on their way to the olfactory bulb where they mature and are integrated in the neural network. Understanding how adult neuronal migration is regulated is of importance for the development of new therapeutic interventions using endogenous stem or progenitor cells for brain repair strategies. Long distance migration of neuroblasts in the RMS requires a highly dynamic cytoskeleton with the ability to respond to surrounding stimuli. In this thesis, we hypothesized that cytoskeleton rearrangement in the RMS is mediated by the ERM (Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin) family of proteins. ERM proteins regulate actin polymerization through interaction with actin and transmembrane adhesion molecules in many different parts of the body, however, limited studies exist of ERM proteins in the adult brain. In the first paper, our studies demonstrate the specific expression of radixin in neuroblasts in both the ventricular and hippocampal neurogenic niches. We also demonstrate the presence of radixin in Olig2 expressing cells throughout the adult brain. In the second study, the function of radixin was inhibited using a selective quinocarmycin analog which interrupts the ability for radixin to link the actin cytoskeleton to the membrane. Inhibition of radixin in SVZ explant cultures selectively blocked the migration of neuroblasts, whereas glial migration remained unaltered, suggesting that these populations use different ERM proteins for actin polymerization. In addition, intracerebroventricular infusion of the radixin inhibitor resulted in aberrant neuroblast chain formation and decreased neuroblast proliferation in the RMS. In the third paper, EGF infusion revealed elevated levels of radixin expression in the SVZ and RMS. EGF treatment is known to greatly reduce the migratory population in the SVZ and RMS. Accordingly, a new radixin expressing population was present in the RMS after EGF treatment and these cells also expressed Olig2. Proliferation of the radixin/Olig2+ population occurred already after 24h, even in parts of the RMS that are distal to the SVZ, suggesting local activation by EGF throughout the RMS rather than migration from the SVZ. The radixin/Olig2+ cells in the RMS were arranged in chains and migrated in explant cultures in vitro. Being negative for NG2 and CNPase, these radixin/Olig2+ cells are likely not oligodendrocyte progenitors. In the fourth study, radixin expression was induced in the peri-infarct region after cortical stroke. Unexpectedly, the number of cortical radixin/Olig2+ cells decreased after stroke and radixin was instead present in a subpopulation of activated microglia. In the healthy brain and in the contralateral cortex, microglia did not express radixin. A new dual concept of microglial activation suggests the presence of classically activated M1 microglia and an alternatively activated M2 microglia population, which has more beneficial effects for the survival of neurons under inflammation conditions. The expression profile of radixin after stroke implies similarities with the type M1 microglia and radixin might be useful as a new microglia activation marker. Taken together, these data suggest a role for radixin in NSPC proliferation and migration in the adult brain, as well as in activation of microglia after stroke.
|
|
| 10. |
- Persson, Åsa, 1980, et al.
(författare)
-
Radixin expression in microglia after cortical stroke lesion
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Glia. - : Wiley. - 0894-1491. ; 61:5, s. 790-799
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stroke induces extensive tissue remodeling, resulting in the activation of several cell types in the brain as well as recruitment of blood-borne leucocytes. Radixin is part of a cytoskeleton linker protein family with the ability to connect transmembrane proteins to the actin cytoskeleton, promoting cell functions involving a dynamic cytoskeleton such as morphological changes, cell division and migration which are common events of different cell types after stroke. In the healthy adult brain radixin is expressed in Olig2+ cells throughout the brain and in neural progenitor cells in the subventricular zone. In the current study, we detected a 2.5 fold increase in the number of radixin positive cells in the peri-infarct cortex two weeks after the induction of cortical stroke by photothrombosis. Similarly, the number of Olig2+ cells increased in the peri-infarct area after stroke; however, the number of radixin+/Olig2+ cells was unchanged. Neural progenitor cells maintained radixin expression on their route to the infarct. More surprising however, was the expression of radixin in activated microglia in the peri-infarct cortex. Seventy percent of Iba1+ cells expressed radixin after stroke, a population which was not present in the control brain. Furthermore, activation of radixin was predominantly detected in the peri-infarct region of oligodendrocyte progenitors and microglia. The specific location of radixin+ cells in the peri-infarct region and in microglia suggests a role for radixin in microglial activation after stroke.
|
|
