| 1. |
- Larsson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
-
Molecular oxygen in the rho Ophiuchi cloud
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Astronomy & Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 466:3, s. 5-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Molecular oxygen, O2, has been expected historically to be an abundant component of the chemical species in molecular clouds and, as such, an important coolant of the dense interstellar medium. However, a number of attempts from both ground and from space have failed to detect O2 emission.Aims: The work described here uses heterodyne spectroscopy from space to search for molecular oxygen in the interstellar medium. Methods: The Odin satellite carries a 1.1 m sub-millimeter dish and a dedicated 119 GHz receiver for the ground state line of O2. Starting in 2002, the star forming molecular cloud core ρ Oph A was observed with Odin for 34 days during several observing runs.Results: We detect a spectral line at v_LSR =+3.5 km s-1 with Δ v_FWHM=1.5 km s-1, parameters which are also common to other species associated with ρ Oph A. This feature is identified as the O2 (NJ = 11 - 1_0) transition at 118 750.343 MHz.Conclusions: The abundance of molecular oxygen, relative to H{2} , is 5 × 10-8 averaged over the Odin beam. This abundance is consistently lower than previously reported upper limits.Based on observations with Odin, a Swedish-led satellite project funded jointly by the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), the National Technology Agency of Finland (Tekes) and Centre National d'Étude Spatiale (CNES). The Swedish Space Corporation has been the industrial prime contractor and also is operating the satellite. Appendix A is only available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org
|
|
| 2. |
- Blomberg, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Chronic Airflow Limitation, Emphysema and Impaired Diffusing Capacity in Relation to Smoking Habits in a Swedish Middle-Aged Population.
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Annals of the American Thoracic Society. - 2329-6933 .- 2325-6621.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- RATIONALE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes respiratory symptoms and chronic airflow limitation (CAL). In some cases, emphysema and impaired diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) are present, but characteristics and symptoms vary with smoking exposure.OBJECTIVES: To study the prevalence of CAL, emphysema and impaired DLCO in relation to smoking and respiratory symptoms in a middle-aged population.METHODS: We investigated 28,746 randomly invited individuals (52% women) aged 50-64 years across six Swedish sites. We performed spirometry, DLCO, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and asked for smoking habits and respiratory symptoms. CAL was defined as post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second divided by forced expiratory volume (FEV1/FVC)<0.7.RESULTS: The overall prevalence was for CAL 8.8%, for impaired DLCO (DLCOCONCLUSIONS: In this large population-based study of middle-aged people, CAL and impaired DLCO were associated with common respiratory symptoms. Self-reported asthma was not associated with CAL in never-smokers. Our findings suggest that CAL in never-smokers signifies a separate clinical phenotype that may be monitored and, possibly, treated differently from smoking-related COPD. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
|
|
| 3. |
- Anderberg, Leif, et al.
(författare)
-
Transforaminal steroid injections for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy: a prospective and randomised study.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: European Spine Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0940-6719 .- 1432-0932. ; 16:3, s. 321-328
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Steroid injections are often employed as an alternative treatment for radicular pain in patients with degenerative spinal disorders. Prospective randomised studies of the lumbar spine reveal contradictory results and non-randomised and most often retrospective studies of the cervical spine indicate pain reduction from steroid injections. No prospective randomised study on transforaminal steroid injections for the treatment of radicular pain in the cervical spine focusing on short-term results has been performed. Forty consecutive patients were employed for the study. The inclusion criteria were one-sided cervical radiculopathy with radicular distribution of arm pain distal to the elbow and corresponding significant degenerative pathology of the cervical spine at one or two levels on the same side as the radicular pain and visualised by MRI. A transforaminal technique was used for all injections. A positive response to a diagnostic selective nerve root block at one or two nerve roots was mandatory for all patients. The patients were randomised for treatment with steroids/local anaesthetics or saline/local anaesthetic. Only the neuroradiologist performing the blocks was aware of the content of the injection; all other persons involved in the study were blinded. Follow up was made 3 weeks after the randomised treatment by a clinical investigation and with a questionnaire focusing on the subjective effects from the injections. At follow up, there were no differences in treatment results in the two patient groups. Statistical analysis of the results confirmed the lack of difference in treatment effect. Further studies have to be performed before excluding steroids in such treatment and for evaluating the influence of local anaesthetics on radiculopathy in transforaminal injections.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Eklund, Daniel, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
-
Vitamin D enhances IL-1β secretion and restricts growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages from TB patients
- 2013
-
Ingår i: International journal of mycobacteriology. - Netherlands : Wolters Kluwer. - 2212-5531. ; 2:1, s. 18-25
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis (TB), has rekindled the interest in the role of nutritional supplementation of micronutrients, such as vitamin D, as adjuvant treatment. Here, the growth of virulent MTB in macrophages obtained from the peripheral blood of patients with and without TB was studied. The H37Rv strain genetically modified to express Vibrio harveyi luciferase was used to determine the growth of MTB by luminometry in the human monocyte-derived macrophages (hMDMs) from study subjects. Determination of cytokine levels in culture supernatants was performed using a flow cytometry-based bead array technique. No differences in intracellular growth of MTB were observed between the different study groups. However, stimulation with 100nM 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D significantly enhanced the capacity of hMDMs isolated from TB patients to control the infection. This effect was not observed in hMDMs from the other groups. The interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 release by hMDMs was clearly increased upon stimulation with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Furthermore, the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D stimulation also led to elevated levels of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) and IL-12p40. It was concluded that vitamin D triggers an inflammatory response in human macrophages with enhanced secretion of cytokines, as well as enhancing the capacity of hMDMs from patients with active TB to restrict mycobacterial growth.
|
|
| 6. |
- Hårdemark, Hans-Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Ingen grund för kritiken
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. ; 102, s. 2885-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 7. |
- Kentson, Magnus, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
-
Oxidant status, iron homeostasis, and carotenoid levels of COPD patients with advanced disease and LTOT
- 2018
-
Ingår i: European Clinical Respiratory Journal. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2001-8525. ; 5:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with oxidative stress. Both iron (Fe) and oxygen are involved in the chemical reactions that lead to increased formation of reactive oxygen species. Oxidative reactions are prevented by antioxidants such as carotenoids. Objective: To study the differences in Fe status, carotenoid levels, healthy eating habits, and markers of inflammation and oxidative damage on proteins in subjects with severe COPD ± long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) and lung-healthy control subjects. Methods: Sixty-six Caucasians with advanced COPD (28 with LTOT) and 47 control subjects were included. Questionnaires about general health, lifestyle, and dietary habits were answered. Lung function tests and blood sampling were performed. Results: COPD subjects (±LTOT) did not demonstrate increased oxidative damage, assessed by protein carbonylation (PC), while levels of soluble transferrin receptors (sTfRs) were slightly elevated. Soluble TfRs, which is inversely related to Fe status, was negatively associated with PC. Levels of carotenoids, total and ß-cryptoxanthin, a- and ß-carotenes, were significantly lower in COPD subjects, and their diet contained significantly less fruits and vegetables. Lutein correlated inversely with IL-6, lycopene correlated inversely with SAT, while ß-carotene was positively associated with a Mediterranean-like diet. Conclusions: Fe could favor oxidative stress in COPD patients, suggesting a cautious use of Fe prescription to these patients. COPD subjects ate a less healthy diet than control subjects did and would, therefore, benefit by dietary counseling. COPD patients with hypoxemia are probably in particular need of a lycopene-enriched diet.
|
|
| 8. |
- Lind, Leili, et al.
(författare)
-
Preliminary results of a telemonitoring study: COPD and heart failure patients exhibit great difference in their need of health care
- 2015
-
Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society. ; , s. PA2790-PA2790
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Growing populations of elderly patients with advanced stages of COPD or heart failure (HF) urge the need for specialized health care in the patients' home. A telemonitoring study has been initiated including patients using digital pens. Health care was provided by the specialized home care unit at a university hospital. Through an IT system the staff checked all daily patient reports. We hypothesized that the two groups of patients, advanced COPD or HF, would exhibit differences regarding exacerbations and the need of health care.Objective: To study exacerbations of COPD or HF, and patient health care consumption.Methods: A tele-monitoring system, the Health diary, which is based on digital pen technology, was employed. Exacerbations were identified using information provided through the telemonitoring system. Consumed health care was assessed as the number of patient contacts (home visits or telephone consultations).Results: Presently, 33 patients with advanced disease are enrolled (13 COPD and 20 HF patients) of which 11 patients (6 COPD and 5 HF patients) have completed the 1-yr study period or have died during the study period (2 COPD and 4 HF patients). Exacerbations were 2.8 and 0.8 and patient contacts were 96 and 42 per COPD and HF patient, respectively. While HF patients were significantly older than COPD patients, the two groups demonstrated no difference regarding gender distribution and comorbidity.Conclusions: COPD patients exhibit exacerbations more frequently and demand much more home health care than patients with HF do. It seems that this difference of health care consumption is mainly due to disease characteristics.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Lyth, Johan, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Can a telemonitoring system lead to decreased hospital admissions in elderly patients?
- 2018
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Populations of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or heart failure (HF) are growing. To prevent exacerbations leading to inpatient care, a 4 year (2013-2017) telehealth intervention non-randomized single-centre clinical study was performed. We hypothesized that the patients, grouped by advanced COPD or HF, would exhibit decreased need of hospital admissions.Objective: To study hospital admissions in patients with COPD or HF using a telemonitoring system, the Health Diary.Methods: A telemonitoring system, the Health Diary, based on digital pen technology, was employed. Patients with COPD or HF treated at the University Hospital in Linköping were included if they had at least 2 hospital admissions the previous year. Data on hospital admissions was obtained from the administrative healthcare database. Expected number of hospital admissions for the study year was calculated using 5-year data for a group of patients with matching diagnosis and history of hospital admissions and was compared to the actual value in the intervention group using Poisson regression.Results: Together with the included patients, 159 HF and 136 COPD non-intervention patients was used to calculate the expected values for hospital admissions. For the 58 included HF patients, the average number of hospital admissions of 0.81 was 32.8 percent (p=0.04) lower than expected. For the 36 included COPD patients, the average number of hospital admissions of 1.44 was 37.0 percent (p=0.02) lower than expected.Conclusions: Use of the telemonitoring system, the Health Diary, decreases hospital admissions in elderly with COPD and HF.
|
|
