| 1. |
- Engström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
-
The Swedish CArdioPulmonary BioImage Study : objectives and design
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 278:6, s. 645-659
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cardiopulmonary diseases are major causes of death worldwide, but currently recommended strategies for diagnosis and prevention may be outdated because of recent changes in risk factor patterns. The Swedish CArdioPulmonarybioImage Study (SCAPIS) combines the use of new imaging technologies, advances in large-scale 'omics' and epidemiological analyses to extensively characterize a Swedish cohort of 30 000 men and women aged between 50 and 64 years. The information obtained will be used to improve risk prediction of cardiopulmonary diseases and optimize the ability to study disease mechanisms. A comprehensive pilot study in 1111 individuals, which was completed in 2012, demonstrated the feasibility and financial and ethical consequences of SCAPIS. Recruitment to the national, multicentre study has recently started.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Ahlberg, Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
"Vi klimatforskare stödjer Greta och skolungdomarna"
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - 1101-2447.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 15/3. Sedan industrialiseringens början har vi använt omkring fyra femtedelar av den mängd fossilt kol som får förbrännas för att vi ska klara Parisavtalet. Vi har bara en femtedel kvar och det är bråttom att kraftigt reducera utsläppen. Det har Greta Thunberg och de strejkande ungdomarna förstått. Därför stödjer vi deras krav, skriver 270 klimatforskare.
|
|
| 4. |
- Bresell, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Bioinformatic and enzymatic characterization of the MAPEG superfamily
- 2005
-
Ingår i: The FEBS Journal. - : Wiley. - 1742-464X .- 1742-4658. ; 272:7, s. 1688-1703
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The membrane associated proteins in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism (MAPEG) superfamily includes structurally related membrane proteins with diverse functions of widespread origin. A total of 136 proteins belonging to the MAPEG superfamily were found in database and genome screenings. The members were found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, but not in any archaeal organism. Multiple sequence alignments and calculations of evolutionary trees revealed a clear subdivision of the eukaryotic MAPEG members, corresponding to the six families of microsomal glutathione transferases (MGST) 1, 2 and 3, leukotriene C4 synthase (LTC4), 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP), and prostaglandin E synthase. Prokaryotes contain at least two distinct potential ancestral subfamilies, of which one is unique, whereas the other most closely resembles enzymes that belong to the MGST2/FLAP/LTC4 synthase families. The insect members are most similar to MGST1/prostaglandin E synthase. With the new data available, we observe that fish enzymes are present in all six families, showing an early origin for MAPEG family differentiation. Thus, the evolutionary origins and relationships of the MAPEG superfamily can be defined, including distinct sequence patterns characteristic for each of the subfamilies. We have further investigated and functionally characterized representative gene products from Escherichia coli, Synechocystis sp., Arabidopsis thaliana and Drosophila melanogaster, and the fish liver enzyme, purified from pike (Esox lucius). Protein overexpression and enzyme activity analysis demonstrated that all proteins catalyzed the conjugation of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene with reduced glutathione. The E. coli protein displayed glutathione transferase activity of 0.11 µmol·min−1·mg−1 in the membrane fraction from bacteria overexpressing the protein. Partial purification of the Synechocystis sp. protein yielded an enzyme of the expected molecular mass and an N-terminal amino acid sequence that was at least 50% pure, with a specific activity towards 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene of 11 µmol·min−1·mg−1. Yeast microsomes expressing the Arabidopsis enzyme showed an activity of 0.02 µmol·min−1·mg−1, whereas the Drosophila enzyme expressed in E. coli was highly active at 3.6 µmol·min−1·mg−1. The purified pike enzyme is the most active MGST described so far with a specific activity of 285 µmol·min−1·mg−1. Drosophila and pike enzymes also displayed glutathione peroxidase activity towards cumene hydroperoxide (0.4 and 2.2 µmol·min−1·mg−1, respectively). Glutathione transferase activity can thus be regarded as a common denominator for a majority of MAPEG members throughout the kingdoms of life whereas glutathione peroxidase activity occurs in representatives from the MGST1, 2 and 3 and PGES subfamilies.
|
|
| 5. |
- Darlin, Lotten, et al.
(författare)
-
The sentinel node concept in early cervical cancer performs well in tumors smaller than 2 cm.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Gynecologic Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-6859 .- 0090-8258. ; 117:2, s. 266-269
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the sentinel node (SLN) concept for lymphatic mapping in early stage cervical cancer. METHODS: 105 women with early stage (1a1-2a) cervical cancer were scheduled for the sentinel node procedure in conjunction with a complete pelvic lymphadenectomy. The day before surgery, 1-1.5 mL 120MBq Tc(99) albumin nanocolloid was injected submucosally at four points around the tumor followed by a lymphoscintigram (LSG) to achieve an overview of the radiotracer uptake. RESULTS: During surgery, the overall detection rate (gamma probe) of at least one SLN was 90% (94/105 women) whereas at least one SLN was identified in 94% (61/65 women) with a tumor 2 cm) node without radiotracer uptake. The negative predictive value for patients with cervical cancers
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Khan, Saad Ahmed, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
Prediction of the effects of friction control on top-of-rail cracks
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the Institution of mechanical engineers. Part F, journal of rail and rapid transit. - : Sage Publications. - 0954-4097 .- 2041-3017. ; 232:2, s. 484-494
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rolling contact fatigue is a major problem connected with railway tracks, especially in curves, since it leads to highermaintenance costs. By optimising the top-of-rail friction, the wear and cracks on the top of the rail can eventually bereduced without causing very long braking distances. There are several research articles available on crack prediction,but most of the research is focused either on rail without a friction modifier or on wheels with and without frictioncontrol. In the present study, in order to predict the formation of surface-initiated rolling contact fatigue, a range offriction coefficients with different Kalker’s reduction factors has been assumed. Kalker’s reduction factor takes care ofthe basic tendency of creepage as a function of the traction forces at lower creepage. The assumed range covers possiblefriction values from those for non-lubricated rail to those for rail with a minimum measured friction control on the top ofthe rail using a friction modifier. A fatigue index model based on the shakedown theory was used to predict thegeneration of surface-initiated rolling contact fatigue. Simulations were performed using multi-body simulation, forwhich inputs were taken from the Iron Ore line in the north of Sweden. The effect of friction control was studiedfor different curve radii, ranging from 200 m to 3000 m, and for different axle loads from 30 to 40 tonnes at a constanttrain speed of 60 km/h. One example of a result is that a maximum friction coefficient (m) of 0.2 with a Kalker’s reductionfactor of 15% is needed in the case of trains with a heavy axle load to avoid crack formation.
|
|
| 8. |
- Khan, Saad Ahmed, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
-
Prediction of top-of-rail friction control effects on rail RCF suppressed by wear
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Wear. - : Elsevier. - 0043-1648 .- 1873-2577. ; 380-381, s. 106-114
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rolling contact fatigue (RCF) and wear, two major deterioration processes, limit the lifetime of rails. These deterioration processes are even more severe on the curves of tracks used by heavy haul trains. Because wear is a material removing process, it can suppress the formation of RCF (also known as surface initiated cracks). In railways, cracks have a higher risk of instigating a catastrophic failure than wear; hence, it is comparatively better to have wear than to have cracks. By controlling the top-of-rail friction, both of these deteriorating processes can be reduced to enhance the lifetime of rails. In order to achieve these possible advantages, the infrastructure manager of the Swedish railway is planning to implement a top-of-rail friction control technology on the iron ore line in northern Sweden wherein RCF is a major problem on the curves. The present study uses a damage index model in a multi-body simulation software and predicts the probability of RCF formation with suppressing effect of wear for different friction control values. The effect of friction control is simulated on curve radii ranging from 200 to 3,000 m and axle loads ranging from 30 to 40 t at a constant train speed of 60 km/h. Findings show that on a very sharp circular curve, radius < 300 m, RCF can be eliminated without friction control due to the high wear rate. On moderate curves, 300 < radius < 1,000 m, a friction coefficient (µ) of, at most, 0.3 with a Kalker's coefficient of, at most, 30% is required to avoid RCF
|
|
| 9. |
- Kumpulainen, Atte J., et al.
(författare)
-
Headgroup and hydrocarbon tail effects on the surface tension of sugar-based surfactant solutions
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 20:25, s. 10935-10942
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measurements of surface tension isotherms were conducted for water solutions of pure and mixed n-decyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (C-10-Glu) and n-deCyl-beta-D-maltopyranoside (C-10-Mal) surfactants. By applying the Gibbs surface tension equation, the surface densities of Glu and Mal were derived for different compositions and concentrations. The surface fractions were compared with theoretically calculated values where the headgroups were modeled as hard disks. Satisfactory agreement was found for hard-disk sizes of 22.9 and 11.3 Angstrom(2) in the case of a 1:1 mixture. The results of the hard-disk calculations were employed to estimate the configurational free energy of the n-decyl-hydrocarbon chain. The results obtained agree well with previous calculations for the n-dodecyl chain. Comparison with n-dodecyl beta-D-maltopyranoside (C-12-Mal) indicated a further contribution, with the longer hydrocarbon chain giving rise to a higher surface tension in good agreement with data for hydrocarbon liquids. Furthermore, the interpenetration of the headgroup into the hydrocarbon film was studied by means of comparing surface-tension data for n-decyl- and n-dodecyl-ethylene-oxide-based surfactants and n-decyl- and n-dodecyl-beta-D-thiomaltopyranosides (C-10-S-Mal and C-12-S-Mal, respectively) and -maltopyranosides. It was found that lengthening the tetra(etylene oxide) chain by one segment affects the surface tension only marginally, indicating little interpenetration of the additional ethylene-oxide group into the hydrocarbon film. For the thiomaltosides, however, the corresponding effect was found to be remarkably high.
|
|
| 10. |
- Kumpulainen, Atte, et al.
(författare)
-
n-decyl-glucopyranoside and n-decyl-maltopyranoside Gibbs monolayers. Phase changes in the dilute liquid-expanded range
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Langmuir. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0743-7463 .- 1520-5827. ; 20:24, s. 10534-10541
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface tension isotherms were recorded for n-decyl-beta-(D)-glucopyranoside (Glu) and n-deCyl-beta-(D)-maltopyranoside (Mal) solutions at temperatures of 8,22, and 29degreesC. Comparison was made with isotherms of n-deCyl-beta-(D)-thiomaltopyranoside (S-Mal) at 22 degreesC. In addition to the transition from the gaseous to the liquid-expanded (LE) state, a second transition was observed in the early stages of the LE regime for Glu, Mal, and S-Mal at room temperature. The adsorption isotherm of Mal and Glu obtained at 22 degreesC shows the presence of an adsorption step at an average area/molecule of about 79 Angstrom(2) between, approximately, 0.02 and 0.1 mM (the critical micelle concentration (cmc) is 2 mM) and 0.015 and 0.03 mM (the cmc is 2 mM), respectively. Similarly, for S-Mal an adsorption plateau is observed at 70 Angstrom(2) between 0.01 and 0.03 mM (the cmc is 0.7 mM). From the temperature dependence of the surface tension, we have seen that there are considerable differences in the adsorption of Glu and Mal. For Mal, the adsorption plateau is also observed at 29 degreesC at around 79 Angstrom(2), whereas Glu exhibits no adsorption plateau at this temperature. At 8 degreesC, both Mal and Glu exhibit saturation behaviour in the dilute part of the liquid-expanded range, but at this temperature the average molecular areas are lower than at 22 degreesC: around 66 Angstrom(2) for Glu and 75 Angstrom(2) for Mal. Thus, the temperature sensitivity of Glu is considerably greater than for Mal in this range. The saturation regime coincides with a pronounced surface entropy minimum for Mal. The transition in the dilute liquid-expanded range supposedly occurs from a state with deformed surface micelles arranged in a hexagonal pattern, referred to as the granular range, to a true LE monolayer with a fluid hydrocarbon tail layer covering the entire surface.
|
|
