| 1. |
- Persson, G. Rutger, et al.
(författare)
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Prediction of hip and hand fractures in older persons with or without a diagnosis of periodontitis
- 2011
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Ingår i: Bone. - : Elsevier. - 8756-3282 .- 1873-2763. ; 48:3, s. 552-556
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: In a prospective study, we assessed if a diagnosis of osteoporosis and periodontitis could predict hip and hand fractures in older persons. Materials and methods: Bone density was assessed by a Densitometer. Periodontitis was defined by evidence of alveolar bone loss. Results: 788 Caucasians (52.4% women, overall mean age: 76 years, S.D. +/- 9.0, range: 62 to 96) were enrolled and 7.4% had a hip/hand fracture in 3 years. Calcaneus PIXI T-values < - 1.6 identified osteoporosis in 28.2% of the older persons predicting a hip/hand fracture with an odds ratio of 3.3:1 (95% CI: 1.9, 5.7, p < 0.001). Older persons with osteoporosis had more severe periodontitis (p < 0.01). Periodontitis defined by >= 30% of sites with >= 5 mm distance between the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) and bone level (ABL) was found in 18.7% of the older persons predicting a hip/hand fracture with an odds ratio of 1.8:1 (95% CI: 1.0, 3.3, p < 0.05). Adjusted for age, the odds ratio of a hip/hand fracture in older persons with osteoporosis (PIXI T-value <-2.5) and periodontitis was 12.2:1 (95% CI: 3.5, 42.3, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Older persons with osteoporosis and periodontitis have an increased risk for hip/hand fractures.
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| 2. |
- Baumgartner, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of the stone age diet on gingival conditions in the absence of oral hygiene.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 80:5, s. 759-768
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to assess the oral microbiota and clinical data in subjects without access to traditional oral hygiene methods and who ate a diet available in the Stone Age.METHODS: Ten subjects living in an environment replicating the Stone Age for 4 weeks were enrolled in this study. Bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival and plaque indices, and probing depth (PD) were assessed at baseline and at 4 weeks. Microbiologic samples were collected at the mesio-buccal subgingival aspects of all teeth and from the dorsum of the tongue and were processed by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization methods.RESULTS: No subject had periodontitis. Mean BOP decreased from 34.8% to 12.6% (P <0.001). Mean gingival index scores changed from 0.38 to 0.43 (not statistically significant) and mean plaque scores increased from 0.68 to 1.47 (P <0.001). PD at sites of subgingival sampling decreased (mean difference: 0.2 mm; P <0.001). At week 4, the total bacterial count was higher (P <0.001) for 24 of 74 species, including Bacteroides ureolyticus, Eikenella corrodens, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Capnocytophaga ochracea, Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium nucleatum naviforme, Haemophilus influenzae, Helicobacter pylori, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Staphylococcus aureus (two strains), Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus anginosis, and Streptococcus mitis. Bacterial counts from tongue samples were higher at baseline (P <0.001) for 20 species, including Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans; serotype a), and Streptococcus spp.CONCLUSIONS: The experimental gingivitis protocol is not applicable if the diet (e.g., Stone Age) does not include refined sugars. Although plaque levels increased, BOP and PD decreased. Subgingival bacterial counts increased for several species not linked to periodontitis, whereas tongue bacterial samples decreased during the study period.
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| 3. |
- Berglund, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Osteoporosis and peridontitis in older subjects participating in the Swedish National Survey on Aging and Care (SNAC-Blekinge)
- 2011
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 69:4, s. 201-207
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Objective. We assessed the relationships between (I) ultrasonography calcaneus T-scores (PIXI) and mandibular cortex characteristics on oral panoramic radiographs in older subjects; and (II) osteoporosis and periodontitis. Material and methods. We examined 778 subjects (53% women) aged 59-96 years. Periodontitis was defined by alveolar bone loss assessed from panoramic radiographs. Results. PIXI calcaneus T-values ≤-2.5 (osteoporosis) were found in 16.3% of women and in 8.1% of men. PIXI calcaneus T-values <-1.6 (osteoporosis, adjusted) were found in 34.2% of women and in 21.4% of men. The age of the subjects and PIXI T-values were significantly correlated in women (Pearson's r = 0.37, P < 0.001) and men (Pearson's r = 0.19, P < 0.001). Periodontitis was found in 18.7% of subjects defined by alveolar bone level ≥5 mm. Subjects with osteoporosis defined by adjusted PIXI T-values had fewer remaining teeth [mean difference 4.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.1 to -6.5, P < 0.001]. The crude odds ratio (OR) of an association between the panoramic assessment of mandibular cortex erosions as a sign of osteoporosis and the adjusted T-value (T-value cut-off <-1.6) was 4.8 (95% CI 3.1-7.2, P < 0.001; Pearson χ(2) = 60.1, P < 0.001). A significant OR between osteoporosis and periodontitis was only found in women for the T-value cut-off ≤-2.5 (crude OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1-3.3, P < 0.03). Conclusions. An association between osteoporosis and periodontitis was only confirmed in women. The likelihood that the mandibular cortex index agrees with adjusted PIXI T-values is significant.
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| 4. |
- Fischer, Carolin C, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of the menstrual cycle on the oral microbial flora in women : a case-control study including men as control subjects.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 79:10, s. 1966-1973
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- UNLABELLED: Changes in the levels of female sex hormones during the menstrual cycle may cause cyclic differences in subgingival bacterial colonization patterns. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that hormonal changes in the menstrual cycle cause changes in the oral microbiota.METHODS: Bacterial plaque samples were collected in 20 systemically and periodontally healthy women using no hormonal contraceptives (test group) over a period of 6 weeks. Twenty age-matched systemically and periodontally healthy men were assigned to the control group. Samples were processed by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization assay, and 74 species were analyzed.RESULTS: No cyclic pattern of bacterial colonization was identified for any of the 74 species studied in women not using hormonal contraceptives. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans) (Y4) was common at the beginning of menstruation (mean: 32%) and increased during the following 2 weeks (36%) in women (P <0.05). No cyclic differences in bacterial presence were found among the men (P values varied between 0.14 and 0.98). Men presented with significantly higher bacterial counts for 40 of 74 species (P <0.001), including Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa but not Porphyromonas gingivalis (P = 0.15) or Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis) (P = 0.42).CONCLUSIONS: During a menstruation period, cyclic variation in the subgingival microbiota of periodontally healthy women of child-bearing age who were not using oral hormonal contraceptives could not be confirmed. Male control subjects presented with higher levels of many species but also without a cyclic pattern.
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| 5. |
- Gonda, Tomoya, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of multiple tooth loss among socioculturally diverse elderly subjects
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Prosthodontics. - 0893-2174 .- 1139-9791. ; 26:2, s. 127-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study identifies clinical factors that predict multiple tooth loss in a socioculturally diverse population of older adults.Materials and Methods: A total of 193 participants from English-, Chinese-, or Punjabi-speaking communities in Vancouver, British Columbia, with low incomes and irregular use of dental services were followed for 5 years as part of a clinical trial of a 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthrinse. The participants were interviewed and examined clinically, including panoramic radiographs, at baseline and annually for 5 years. Binary logistic regression was used to test the hypothesis that there was no difference between incidence of multiple (≥ 3) tooth loss in older people with various biologic, behavioral, prosthodontic, and cultural variables over 5 years.Results: Multiple tooth loss, which was distributed similarly among the groups in the trial, occurred in 39 (20%) participants over 5 years. The use of removable prostheses was the best predictor of loss, followed by the number of carious surfaces and number of sites with gingival attachment loss > 6 mm. The pattern of prediction was consistent across the three linguocultural groups.Conclusion: The use of removable dentures was the dominant predictor of multiple tooth loss in the three communities, but that tooth loss was not significantly associated with the cultural heritage of the participants.
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| 6. |
- Gonda, Tomoya, et al.
(författare)
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Predictors of multiple tooth loss among socioculturally diverse elderly subjects
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Prosthodontics. - : Quintessence Publishing Company. - 0893-2174 .- 1139-9791. ; 26:2, s. 127-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study identifies clinical factors that predict multiple tooth loss in a socioculturally diverse population of older adults. Materials and Methods: A total of 193 participants from English-, Chinese-, or Punjabi-speaking communities in Vancouver, British Columbia, with low incomes and irregular use of dental services were followed for 5 years as part of a clinical trial of a 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthrinse. The participants were interviewed and examined clinically, including panoramic radiographs, at baseline and annually for 5 years. Binary logistic regression was used to test the hypothesis that there was no difference between incidence of multiple (≥ 3) tooth loss in older people with various biologic, behavioral, prosthodontic, and cultural variables over 5 years. Results: Multiple tooth loss, which was distributed similarly among the groups in the trial, occurred in 39 (20%) participants over 5 years. The use of removable prostheses was the best predictor of loss, followed by the number of carious surfaces and number of sites with gingival attachment loss > 6 mm. The pattern of prediction was consistent across the three linguocultural groups. Conclusion: The use of removable dentures was the dominant predictor of multiple tooth loss in the three communities, but that tooth loss was not significantly associated with the cultural heritage of the participants.
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| 7. |
- Kiyak, H Asuman, et al.
(författare)
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Ethnicity and oral health in community-dwelling older adults.
- 2002
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Ingår i: General dentistry. - 0363-6771. ; 50:6, s. 513-518
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epidemiological studies consistently have found differences in oral health status between white and non-white elders. This has been attributed primarily to lack of access to dental care, especially preventive services. The study reported here examined psychosocial factors in an attempt to explain these differences.
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| 8. |
- Persson, G. Rutger, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiovascular disease and periodontitis : an update on the associations and risk
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Periodontology. - 0303-6979 .- 1600-051X. ; 35:8 Suppl, s. 362-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Associations between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases have been recognized.MATERIAL AND METHODS: New literature since the last European Workshop on Periodontology has been reviewed.RESULTS: The lack of reliable epidemiological data on disease prevalence makes an assessment of the associations and risks between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases difficult. Two recent meta-analysis reports have identified associations between periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases (odds ratios: 1.1-2.2). Different surrogate markers for both disease entities, including serum biomarkers, have been investigated. Brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation, and carotid intima media thickness have in some studies been linked to periodontitis. Studies are needed to confirm early results of improvements of such surrogate markers following periodontal therapy. While intensive periodontal therapy may enhance inflammatory responses and impair vascular functions, studies are needed to assess the outcome of periodontal therapies in subjects with confirmed cardiovascular conditions. Tooth eradication may also reduce the systemic inflammatory burden of individuals with severe periodontitis. The role of confounders remain unclear.CONCLUSIONS: Periodontitis may contribute to cardiovascular disease and stroke in susceptible subjects. Properly powered longitudinal case-control and intervention trials are needed to identify how periodontitis and periodontal interventions may have an impact on cardiovascular diseases.
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| 9. |
- Persson, G. Rutger, et al.
(författare)
-
Prediction of hip and hand fractures in older persons with or without a diagnosis of periodontitis
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Bone. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2763 .- 8756-3282. ; 48:3, s. 552-556
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: In a prospective study, we assessed if a diagnosis of osteoporosis and periodontitis could predict hip and hand fractures in older persons. Materials and methods: Bone density was assessed by a Densitometer. Periodontitis was defined by evidence of alveolar bone loss. Results: 788 Caucasians (52.4% women, overall mean age: 76 years, S.D. +/- 9.0, range: 62 to 96) were enrolled and 7.4% had a hip/hand fracture in 3 years. Calcaneus PIXI T-values < - 1.6 identified osteoporosis in 28.2% of the older persons predicting a hip/hand fracture with an odds ratio of 3.3:1 (95% CI: 1.9, 5.7, p < 0.001). Older persons with osteoporosis had more severe periodontitis (p < 0.01). Periodontitis defined by >= 30% of sites with >= 5 mm distance between the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) and bone level (ABL) was found in 18.7% of the older persons predicting a hip/hand fracture with an odds ratio of 1.8:1 (95% CI: 1.0, 3.3, p < 0.05). Adjusted for age, the odds ratio of a hip/hand fracture in older persons with osteoporosis (PIXI T-value <-2.5) and periodontitis was 12.2:1 (95% CI: 3.5, 42.3, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Older persons with osteoporosis and periodontitis have an increased risk for hip/hand fractures. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Persson, G. Rutger, et al.
(författare)
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Tannerella forsythia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in subgingival bacterial samples from parous women.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Periodontology. - 0022-3492 .- 1943-3670. ; 79:3, s. 508-516
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Information on the subgingival microbiota in parous women is limited. The present study assessed 74 bacterial species at periodontal sites.METHODS: Subgingival bacterial plaque was collected from women > or =6 months after delivery. Bacteria were assessed by the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method. Gingivitis was defined as > or =20% of sites with bleeding on probing (BOP), and periodontitis was defined as radiographic evidence of bone loss and probing depths > or =5.0 mm.RESULTS: A total of 197 women (mean age: 29.4 +/- 6.8 years; range: 18 to 46 years) were included in the study. Gingivitis was identified in 82 of 138 subjects without evidence of periodontitis (59.4%). Periodontitis was found in 59 women (32%). Higher bacterial levels in subjects with gingivitis compared to those without evidence of gingivitis were observed for Actinomyces neuii, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Corynebacterium pseudogenitalis, Porphyromonas endodontalis, Prevotella bivia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P <0.001 for each). Higher bacterial levels in subjects with periodontitis compared to those without periodontitis (BOP not accounted for) were found for 32 of 79 species (P <0.001) including Lactobacillus iners, Haemophilus influenzae, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis), Prevotella bivia, P. aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Binary univariate logistic regression analysis identified that P. aeruginosa (P <0.001) and T. forsythia (P <0.05) were independently predictive of periodontal status. The odds ratio of having P. aeruginosa at levels > or =1 x 10(5) in the sample and periodontitis was 3.1 (95% confidence interval: 1.6 to 5.9; P <0.001).CONCLUSION: In addition to P. gingivalis and T. forsythia, a diverse microbiota, including P. aeruginosa, P. endodontalis, P. bivia, and S. aureus, can be found in subgingival plaque samples from women of child-bearing age with periodontitis.
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