| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Säll, Olof, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevalence and persistence of Neisseria meningitidis carriage in Swedish university students
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Epidemiology and Infection. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0950-2688 .- 1469-4409. ; 151
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The bacterium Neisseria meningitidis causes life-threatening disease worldwide, typically with a clinical presentation of sepsis or meningitis, but can be carried asymptomatically as part of the normal human oropharyngeal microbiota. The aim of this study was to examine N. meningitidis carriage with regard to prevalence, risk factors for carriage, distribution of meningococcal lineages and persistence of meningococcal carriage. Throat samples and data from a self-reported questionnaire were obtained from 2744 university students (median age: 23 years) at a university in Sweden on four occasions during a 12-month period. Meningococcal isolates were characterised using whole-genome sequencing. The carriage rate among the students was 9.1% (319/3488; 95% CI 8.2-10.1). Factors associated with higher carriage rate were age ≤22 years, previous tonsillectomy, cigarette smoking, drinking alcohol and attending parties, pubs and clubs. Female gender and sharing a household with children aged 0-9 years were associated with lower carriage. The most frequent genogroups were capsule null locus (cnl), group B and group Y and the most commonly identified clonal complexes (cc) were cc198 and cc23. Persistent carriage with the same meningococcal strain for 12 months was observed in two students. Follow-up times exceeding 12 months are recommended for future studies investigating long-term carriage of N. meningitidis.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Gottenhuber, Sara, et al.
(författare)
-
Greening recovery – Overcoming policy incoherence for sustainability transformations
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Environmental Policy and Governance. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 1756-932X .- 1756-9338. ; 33:5, s. 546-560
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Policy coherence is crucial in the 2030 Agenda's transformative ambitions and heralded as of paramount importance to ensure the successful implementation of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals and climate policy targets. Despite political efforts to achieve policy coherence, apparent trade-offs and goal conflicts have emerged – even in a proclaimed ‘front-runner’ country like Sweden. This paper examines the role of ideas in proposing and legitimising policy options and achieving policy coherence in the light of the Swedish recovery debate in 2020 following the COVID-19 pandemic. Ideas of a green economic recovery put forward in the public debate are examined through thematic text and frame analysis. We show that ideas of a green transition, boosted by economic recovery spending, draw on a synergistic frame in combining social, environmental, and economic policy options, carrying a potential for coherency. However, the absence of a discussion on power, as in who stands to gain what under which circumstances, coupled with an inherent understanding of a temporal hierarchy of policy priorities does not only impact the ability to design coherent policies but may have considerable impacts on the prospects of achieving sustainability transformations.
|
|
| 5. |
- Hjort af Ornäs, Viktor, 1976, et al.
(författare)
-
Things, constructs and meanings
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Design Semiotics in Use - 6:th Nordcode Seminar & Workshop, UIAH, Helsinki June 10-12, 2007.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 6. |
- Janhager, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
-
Survey on Product Development Methods, Design Competencies, and Communication in Swedish Industry
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of TMCE 2002, Tools and Methods of Competitive Engineering.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article presents the results of a questionnaire survey carried out during the spring of 2000. The results are based on the answers provided by a total of 99 respondents. Among other results the survey revealed that more than half of the responding companies have a formally documented strategy for product development work. Regarding disciplinary competencies, it is shown that design engineers are involved in practically all product development projects. Industrial designers are also widely employed, while ergonomics competence is used in less than half of the projects. Design engineering is the most widely employed competence in product development work for all investigated product development tasks, except for ergonomics and aesthetic design tasks. The latter are most commonly carried out by ergonomists and industrial designers, respectively. Most small companies experience good contact with end users, whereas larger companies appear less successful in that respect. The same result applies to perceived communication with other professional categories, as well as access to information. Most of the respondents including project managers, design engineers and development managers answered they have daily contact with design engineers. Among the same respondents, daily contact with industrial designers and ergonomists is very infrequent. Regarding opinions on the product development process, nearly half of the respondents stated they frequently discuss the use of methods and procedures. One third of the respondents agreed that a better-formulated process description than the currently used would facilitate product development work. It was also concluded that nearly one third of the respondents agreed on having difficulties reflecting upon ongoing work, due to, e.g., lack of time.
|
|
| 7. |
- Jin, Y. K., et al.
(författare)
-
A Dual-Promoter Gene Orchestrates the Sucrose-Coordinated Synthesis of Starch and Fructan in Barley
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Molecular Plant. - : Elsevier BV. - 1674-2052 .- 1752-9867. ; 10:12, s. 1556-1570
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sequential carbohydrate synthesis is important for plant survival because it guarantees energy supplies for growth and development during plant ontogeny and reproduction. Starch and fructan are two important carbohydrates in many flowering plants and in human diets. Understanding this coordinated starch and fructan synthesis and unraveling how plants allocate photosynthates and prioritize different carbohydrate synthesis for survival could lead to improvements to cereals in agriculture for the purposes of greater food security and production quality. Here, we report a system from a single gene in barley employing two alternative promoters, one intronic/exonic, to generate two sequence-overlapping but functionally opposing transcription factors, in sensing sucrose, potentially via sucrose/glucose/fructose/trehalose 6-phosphate signaling. The system employs an autoregulatory mechanism in perceiving a sucrose-controlled trans activity on one promoter and orchestrating the coordinated starch and fructan synthesis by competitive transcription factor binding on the other promoter. As a case in point for the physiological roles of the system, we have demonstrated that this multitasking system can be exploited in breeding barley with tailored amounts of fructan to produce healthy food ingredients. The identification of an intron/exon-spanning promoter in a hosting gene, resulting in proteins with distinct functions, adds to the complexity of plant genomes. ERYSTWYTH, WALES, V123, P453
|
|
| 8. |
- Johansson, Per, et al.
(författare)
-
The use of product representation in industry – a survey dealing with product development in Sweden
- 2001
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of SKFC'01, Strategic Knowledge an Concept Formation. - Australia : University of Sydney.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the results of an inquiry into how product representations are used by industrial companies in Sweden. Consulting companies developing industrially manufactured products also participated in the study. The companies were divided into different groups, depending on number of employees, branch, and geographic location. Of special interest has been studying the adoption of new technological aids, such as virtual reality, in the product development process. In addition, product representations and their relation to product aspects and product development activities (e.g., aesthetics, ergonomics and idea testing) have been of major concern. The study shows that the examined companies made comprehensive use of various product representations for a wide range of activities. Traditional representations such as basic sketches still fulfil a need in the product development process. They are especially important in the early stages, thanks to their intuitive nature and ease of production. The use of the more recent technology, virtual reality, is still limited compared to the other types of product representations examined in the study. Most companies have the basic conditions (3D CAD) for virtual reality, but do not yet have the possibilities or need to invest in the technology.
|
|
| 9. |
- Jons, Daniel, 1974, et al.
(författare)
-
Follow-up after infectious mononucleosis in search of serological similarities with presymptomatic multiple sclerosis
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-0348 .- 2211-0356. ; 56
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: : A two- to three-fold increase in the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) after infectious mononucleosis (IM) has been observed in cohort and case control studies. However, this association has not been investigated prospectively from IM. It remains to be determined whether long-term immunospecific sequelae with features consistent with presymptomatic MS occur after IM. Methods: : Sera were obtained from individuals with acute IM from 2003-2007 (n = 42) and from the same individuals at a follow-up (FU) study approximately 10 years after IM. These were assayed for antibodies against a variety of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigens, including gp350, a novel recombinant glycoprotein from the EBV envelope. Similarly, single-protein antigens were used to assess measles and varicella-zoster reactivity (Ncore and varicella-zoster glycoprotein E [VZVgE]). The FU study also included cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 21 of these individuals to test for IgG antibodies against the same viral antigens. As controls, CSF and serum samples were obtained from 15 EBV-seropositive volunteers who denied a history of IM, and serum samples were obtained from 24 EBV-seropositive blood donors. Anti-gp350, anti-Ncore and anti-VZVgE IgG levels were also analysed in sera and CSF samples from 22 persons with MS. Results: : The FU assays showed higher anti-gp350 IgG (p = 0.007, univariate) than among healthy controls, with no difference in serum anti-VCA or anti-EBNA1 IgG levels and no difference in anti-gp350 in the CSF samples. Anti-Ncore IgG and anti-VZVgE were higher in acute IM samples (p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001, respectively) than at FU, although anti-Ncore remained heightened in an age-adjusted analysis at FU (p = 0.014) compared to the control group. In the MS group, the serum anti-gp350 and anti-Ncore IgG levels were significantly higher than among the control group, but the anti-VZVgE levels were not. The CSF anti-gp350 and VZVgE levels were slightly higher among persons with MS than among the control group, whereas anti-Ncore IgG was markedly higher in persons with MS than in the control group. Conclusion: : In the present study IM showed certain similarities with MS. Increased anti-gp350 reactivity persisted more than a decade after IM, reminiscent of the established increased anti-EBV reactivity in presymptomatic MS. Acute IM was associated with increased anti-measles and anti-VZV immunoreactivity, similar to the MRZ reaction in MS, with some evidence suggesting that this measles reactivity persisted after a decade.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
