| 1. |
- Kirk, Jeanette W., et al.
(författare)
-
Barriers and facilitators for implementing a new screening tool in an emergency department: A qualitative study applying the Theoretical Domains Framework
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : WILEY-BLACKWELL. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 25:19-20, s. 2786-2797
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim. The aim was to identify the factors that were perceived as most important as facilitators or barriers to the introduction and intended use of a new tool in the emergency department among nurses and a geriatric team. Background. A high incidence of functional decline after hospitalisation for acute medical illness has been shown in the oldest patients and those who are physically frail. In Denmark, more than 35% of older medical patients acutely admitted to the emergency department are readmitted within 90 days after discharge. A new screening tool for use in the emergency department aiming to identify patients at particularly high risk of functional decline and readmission was developed. Design. Qualitative study based on semistructured interviews with nurses and a geriatric team in the emergency department and semistructured single interviews with their managers. Methods. The Theoretical Domains Framework guided data collection and analysis. Content analysis was performed whereby new themes and themes already existing within each domain were described. Results. Six predominant domains were identified: (1) professional role and identity; (2) beliefs about consequences; (3) goals; (4) knowledge; (5) optimism and (6) environmental context and resources. The content analysis identified three themes, each containing two subthemes. The themes were professional role and identity, beliefs about consequences and preconditions for a successful implementation. Conclusions. Two different cultures were identified in the emergency department. These cultures applied to different professional roles and identity, different actions and sense making and identified how barriers and facilitators linked to the new screening tool were perceived.
|
|
| 2. |
- Kampmann, Freja Bach, et al.
(författare)
-
Study protocol of the InterVitaminK trial : A Danish population-based randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled trial of the effects of vitamin K (menaquinone-7) supplementation on cardiovascular, metabolic and bone health
- 2023
-
Ingår i: BMJ Open. - 2044-6055. ; 13:5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Vitamin K has been suggested to have protective effects against progression of vascular calcification and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few well-powered randomised controlled trials have examined whether vitamin K prevents progression of vascular calcification in individuals from the general population. The aim of the InterVitaminK trial is to investigate the effects of vitamin K supplementation (menaquinone-7, MK-7) on cardiovascular, metabolic, respiratory and bone health in a general ageing population with detectable vascular calcification. Methods and analysis The InterVitaminK trial is a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, trial. A total of 450 men and women aged 52-82 years with detectable coronary artery calcification (CAC), but without manifest CVD, will be randomised (1:1) to receive daily MK-7 (333 μg/day) or placebo tablets for 3 years. Health examinations are scheduled at baseline, and after 1, 2 and 3 years of intervention. Health examinations include cardiac CT scans, measurements of arterial stiffness, blood pressure, lung function, physical function, muscle strength, anthropometric measures, questionnaires on general health and dietary intake, and blood and urine sampling. The primary outcome is progression of CAC from baseline to 3-year follow-up. The trial has 89% power to detect a between-group difference of at least 15%. Secondary outcomes are bone mineral density, pulmonary function and biomarkers of insulin resistance. Ethics and dissemination Oral MK-7 supplementation is considered safe and has not been found to cause severe adverse events. The Ethical Committee of the Capital Region (H-21033114) approved the protocol. Written informed consent is obtained from all participants and the trial is conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki II. Both negative and positive findings will be reported. Trial registration number NCT05259046.
|
|
| 3. |
- Kirk, Jeanette Wassar, et al.
(författare)
-
A tailored strategy for designing the Walk-Copenhagen (WALK-Cph) intervention to increase mobility in hospitalised older medical patients: a protocol for the qualitative part of the WALK-Cph project
- 2018
-
Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2044-6055. ; 8:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Older medical patients (amp;gt;65 years) represent 54% of the admissions to Danish medical and emergency departments. Acute admissions and bed rest during hospitalisation are independent risk factors for death and dependency in older patients. Even short hospitalisations are associated with increased dependency in activities of daily living after discharge. Interventions that increase mobility during hospitalisation are therefore important. The purpose of this protocol is to describe the intervention design of the WALK =-Copenhagen project, aimed at increasing 24 hours mobility in older medical patients during acute hospitalisations and following discharge. Methods and analysis This study is based on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews. Workshops are used to develop and co-design the intervention in collaboration with key stakeholders (patients, relatives, health professionals and researchers). The theory of cultural learning processes, and fire cultural historical activity theory will be used to help us understand the interaction between health professionals, structures arid objects in relation to mobility in the medical departments. Ethics and dissemination The project will adhere to the directives of the Helsinki Declaration. Ethical approval was not required for the study since formal ethical approval is not mandatory for studies that do not involve biomedical issues (I-Suite no: 05078) according to Danish law. Informed consent was obtained for all participants. The results will be disseminated to health professionals, managers, patients arid relatives, who will be invited to afternoon meetings where the project will be discussed. The results will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and presented at scientific conferences.
|
|
| 4. |
- Nielsen, Henriette Roed, et al.
(författare)
-
BRCA1/BRCA2 founder mutations and cancer risks: impact in the western Danish population.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Familial Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1389-9600 .- 1573-7292. ; 15:4, s. 507-512
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes significantly contribute to hereditary breast cancer and ovarian cancer, but the phenotypic effect from different mutations is insufficiently recognized. We used a western Danish clinic-based cohort of 299 BRCA families to study the female cancer risk in mutation carriers and their untested first-degree relatives. Founder mutations were characterized and the risk of cancer was assessed in relation to the specific mutations. In BRCA1, the cumulative cancer risk at age 70 was 35 % for breast cancer and 29 % for ovarian cancer. In BRCA2, the cumulative risk was 44 % for breast cancer and 15 % for ovarian cancer. We identified 47 distinct BRCA1 mutations and 48 distinct mutations in BRCA2. Among these, 8 founder mutations [BRCA1 c.81-?_4986+?del, c.3319G>T (p.Glu1107*), c.3874delT and c.5213G>A (p.Gly1738Glu) and BRCA2 c.6373delA, c.7008-1G>A, c.7617+1G>A and c.8474delC] were found to account for 23 % of the BRCA1 mutations and for 32 % of the BRCA2 mutations. The BRCA1 mutation c.3319G>T was, compared to other BRCA1 mutations, associated with a higher risk for ovarian cancer. In conclusion, founder mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 contribute to up to one-third of the families in western Denmark and among these the BRCA1 c.3319G>T mutation is potentially linked to an increased risk of ovarian cancer.
|
|
| 5. |
- Nielsen, Henriette Roed, et al.
(författare)
-
No evidence of increased breast cancer risk for proven noncarriers from BRCA1 and BRCA2 families.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Familial Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1389-9600 .- 1573-7292. ; 15:4, s. 523-528
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In families screened for mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes and found to have a segregating mutation the breast cancer risk for women shown not to carry the family-specific mutation might be at above "average" risk. We assessed the risk of breast cancer in a clinic based cohort of 725 female proven noncarriers in 239 BRCA1 and BRCA2 families compared with birth-matched controls from the Danish Civil Registration System. Prospective analysis showed no significantly increased risk for breast cancer in noncarriers with a hazard ratio of 0.67 [95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.32-1.42, p = 0.29] for all family members who tested negative and 0.87 (95 % CI 0.38-1.97, p = 0.73) for non-carries who were first-degree relatives of mutation carriers. Proven noncarriers from BRCA1 and BRCA2 families have no markedly increased risk for breast cancer compared to the general population, and our data do not suggest targeted breast cancer surveillance for noncarriers from BRCA1 and BRCA2 families.
|
|
| 6. |
- Ottosen, Cæcilie, et al.
(författare)
-
Sex Differences in Comorbidity Patterns of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 0890-8567 .- 1527-5418. ; 58:4, s. 412-422.e3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate sex differences in associations between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a spectrum of comorbid disorders.METHOD: The study population included all children born in Denmark from 1981 through 2013 (N = 1,665,729). Data were merged from Danish registers and information was obtained on birth characteristics, socioeconomic status, familial psychiatric history, and diagnoses of ADHD (n = 32,308) and comorbid disorders. To estimate absolute and relative risks of comorbid disorders, incidence rates and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were calculated for female and male individuals. In addition, interactions between ADHD and sex in association with comorbid disorders were estimated as HR ratios (HRRs) in female and male individuals (95% CIs).RESULTS: Individuals diagnosed with ADHD had significantly increased absolute and relative risks of all 12 comorbid psychiatric disorders investigated. ADHD-sex interactions were found for some comorbid disorders. Compared with male individuals, ADHD in female individuals showed a stronger association with autism spectrum disorder (HRR 1.86, 95% CI 1.62-2.14), oppositional defiant/conduct disorder (HRR 1.97, 95% CI 1.68-2.30), intellectual disability (HRR 1.79, 95% CI 1.54-2.09), personality disorders (HRR 1.23, 95% CI 1.06-1.43), schizophrenia (HRR 1.21, 95% CI 1.02-1.43), substance use disorders (HRR 1.21, 95% CI 1.07-1.38), and suicidal behavior (1.28, 95% CI 1.12-1.47). The remaining disorders showed no significant sex differences in association with ADHD.CONCLUSION: This study indicates that the association between ADHD and several comorbid disorders is stronger in female than in male individuals. These important findings add to the literature on sex differences in ADHD and suggest that female individuals diagnosed with ADHD are a more vulnerable group of patients.
|
|
| 7. |
- Petersen, Dorthe Janne, et al.
(författare)
-
The population prevalence of child psychiatric disorders in Danish 8- to 9-year-old children.
- 2006
-
Ingår i: European child & adolescent psychiatry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 15:2, s. 71-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The overall prevalence rates of general and specific child psychiatric disorders in Danish children are unknown. In this study, which aimed to estimate prevalence rates, a multi-method strategy using a two-step design was employed. The first step involved assessment with the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). The second step consisted of assessment using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Aged Children; Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL), The Children's Global Assessment Scale (C-GAS), The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISCIII), The Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ), and a checklist containing the diagnostic criteria for Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD). Non-respondents were assessed through teachers using a modified brief version of the K-SADS-PL. A total of 751 children were targeted. The overall estimated prevalence rate of child psychopathology was 11.8 % [95% confidence interval (CI): 8.8, 14.8]. Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was found to be the most common specific child psychiatric disorder. There was no difference in prevalence rates between respondents and non-respondents. The estimated prevalence rates were broadly comparable to prevalence rates found in other epidemiological studies. The teacher-based interview proved to be a valid instrument for the assessment of non-respondents.
|
|
| 8. |
- Petersen, Ross, et al.
(författare)
-
Vertical distribution of sources and sinks of volatile organic compounds within a boreal forest canopy
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - 1680-7324. ; 23:13, s. 7839-7858
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ecosystem-atmosphere flux of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) has important impacts on tropospheric oxidative capacity and the formation of secondary organic aerosols, influencing air quality and climate. Here we present within-canopy measurements of a set of dominant BVOCs in a managed spruce- and pine-dominated boreal forest located at the ICOS (Integrated Carbon Observation System) station Norunda in Sweden, collected using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) during 2014-2016 and vertical emission profiles derived from these data. Ozone concentrations were simultaneously measured in conjunction with these PTR-MS measurements. The main BVOCs investigated with the PTR-MS were isoprene, monoterpenes, methanol, acetaldehyde, and acetone. The distribution of BVOC sources and sinks in the forest canopy was explored using Lagrangian dispersion matrix methods, in particular continuous near-field theory. The forest canopy was found to contribute ca. 86% to the total monoterpene emission in summertime, whereas the below-canopy and canopy emissions were comparable (ca. 42% and 58%, respectively) during the fall period. This result indicates that boreal forest litter and other below-canopy emitters are a principal source of total forest monoterpene emissions during the fall months. During night, our results for methanol, acetone, and acetaldehyde seasonally present strong sinks in the forest canopy, especially in the fall, likely due to the nighttime formation of dew on vegetation surfaces.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
