| 1. |
- Edling, Nils, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Social Policy Language in Denmark and Sweden
- 2014. - 1
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Ingår i: Analysing Social Policy Concepts and Language. - Bristol : Policy Press. - 9781447311607 - 9781447306443 ; , s. 13-34
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Klitgaard, S., et al.
(författare)
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Long wavelength depolarized light scattering from silver nanoparticles
- 2007
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Ingår i: Chemical Physics Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0009-2614. ; 443:1-3, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the depolarized light scattering from heterodisperse silver nanoparticles. The profile of the wavelength dependent anisotropy of the colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles extends to the red and near-infrared (NIR) spectral region. For long wavelengths, above 600 nm, the anisotropy drops below 0.5. The presence of such a strong orthogonal component in the scattering opens new opportunities for imaging in dispersive media when polarizers can be used to suppress the background. The anisotropy profile of the scattering of heterodisperse silver nanoparticles can be satisfactorily explained by a theory based on interference between two surface plasmon resonances. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Zamora, Juan Carlos, et al.
(författare)
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Considerations and consequences of allowing DNA sequence data as types of fungal taxa
- 2018
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Ingår i: IMA Fungus. - : INT MYCOLOGICAL ASSOC. - 2210-6340 .- 2210-6359. ; 9:1, s. 167-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN), allowing DNA sequences alone (of any region and extent) to serve as types of taxon names for voucherless fungi (mainly putative taxa from environmental DNA sequences), have been submitted to be voted on at the 11th International Mycological Congress (Puerto Rico, July 2018). We consider various genetic processes affecting the distribution of alleles among taxa and find that alleles may not consistently and uniquely represent the species within which they are contained. Should the proposals be accepted, the meaning of nomenclatural types would change in a fundamental way from physical objects as sources of data to the data themselves. Such changes are conducive to irreproducible science, the potential typification on artefactual data, and massive creation of names with low information content, ultimately causing nomenclatural instability and unnecessary work for future researchers that would stall future explorations of fungal diversity. We conclude that the acceptance of DNA sequences alone as types of names of taxa, under the terms used in the current proposals, is unnecessary and would not solve the problem of naming putative taxa known only from DNA sequences in a scientifically defensible way. As an alternative, we highlight the use of formulas for naming putative taxa (candidate taxa) that do not require any modification of the ICN.
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| 5. |
- Alvarez, Lluc, et al.
(författare)
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eProcessor: European, Extendable, Energy-Efficient, Extreme-Scale, Extensible, Processor Ecosystem
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 20th ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers 2023, CF 2023. ; , s. 309-314
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The eProcessor project aims at creating a RISC-V full stack ecosystem. The eProcessor architecture combines a high-performance out-of-order core with energy-efficient accelerators for vector processing and artificial intelligence with reduced-precision functional units. The design of this architecture follows a hardware/software co-design approach with relevant application use cases from the high-performance computing, bioinformatics and artificial intelligence domains. Two eProcessor prototypes will be developed based on two fabricated eProcessor ASICs integrated into a computer-on-module.
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| 6. |
- Andréen, David, et al.
(författare)
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Emergent Structures Assembled by Large Swarms of Simple Robots
- 2016
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Ingår i: ACADIA // 2016: POSTHUMAN FRONTIERS: Data, Designers, and Cognitive Machines : Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA) - Proceedings of the 36th Annual Conference of the Association for Computer Aided Design in Architecture (ACADIA). - 9780692770955 ; , s. 54-61
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Bacos, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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Islet beta-cell area and hormone expression are unaltered in Huntington's disease.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Histochemistry and Cell Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-119X .- 0948-6143. ; 129, s. 623-629
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neurodegenerative disorders are often associated with metabolic alterations. This has received little attention, but might be clinically important because it can contribute to symptoms and influence the course of the disease. Patients with Huntington's disease (HD) exhibit increased incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM). This is replicated in mouse models of HD, e.g., the R6/2 mouse, in which DM is primarily caused by a deficiency of beta-cells with impaired insulin secretion. Pancreatic tissue from HD patients has previously not been studied and, thus, the pathogenesis of DM in HD is unclear. To address this issue, we examined pancreatic tissue sections from HD patients at different disease stages. We found that the pattern of insulin immunostaining, levels of insulin transcripts and islet beta-cell area were similar in HD patients and controls. Further, there was no sign of amyloid deposition in islets from HD patients. Thus, our data show that pancreatic islets in HD patients appear histologically normal. Functional studies of HD patients with respect to insulin secretion and islet function are required to elucidate the pathogenesis of DM in HD. This may lead to a better understanding of HD and provide novel therapeutic targets for symptomatic treatment in HD.
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| 8. |
- Björkqvist, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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The R6/2 transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease develops diabetes due to deficient {beta}-cell mass and exocytosis.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 14:5, s. 565-574
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diabetes frequently develops in Huntington's disease (HD) patients and in transgenic mouse models of HD such as the R6/2 mouse. The underlying mechanisms have not been clarified. Elucidating the pathogenesis of diabetes in HD would improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in HD neuropathology. With this aim, we examined our colony of R6/2 mice with respect to glucose homeostasis and islet function. At week 12, corresponding to end-stage HD, R6/2 mice were hyperglycemic and hypoinsulinemic and failed to release insulin in an intravenous glucose tolerance test. In vitro, basal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was markedly reduced. Islet nuclear huntingtin inclusions increased dramatically over time, predominantly in ß-cells. ß-cell mass failed to increase normally with age in R6/2 mice. Hence, at week 12, ß-cell mass and pancreatic insulin content in R6/2 mice were 35±5 and 16±3% of that in wild-type mice, respectively. The normally occurring replicating cells were largely absent in R6/2 islets, while no abnormal cell death could be detected. Single cell patch-clamp experiments revealed unaltered electrical activity in R6/2 ß-cells. However, exocytosis was virtually abolished in ß- but not in {alpha}-cells. The blunting of exocytosis could be attributed to a 96% reduction in the number of insulin-containing secretory vesicles. Thus, diabetes in R6/2 mice is caused by a combination of deficient ß-cell mass and disrupted exocytosis.
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| 9. |
- Bleser, Gabriele, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive Learning, Monitoring and Assistance of Industrial Workflows Using Egocentric Sensor Networks
- 2015
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today, the workflows that are involved in industrial assembly and production activities are becoming increasingly complex. To efficiently and safely perform these workflows is demanding on the workers, in particular when it comes to infrequent or repetitive tasks. This burden on the workers can be eased by introducing smart assistance systems. This article presents a scalable concept and an integrated system demonstrator designed for this purpose. The basic idea is to learn workflows from observing multiple expert operators and then transfer the learnt workflow models to novice users. Being entirely learning-based, the proposed system can be applied to various tasks and domains. The above idea has been realized in a prototype, which combines components pushing the state of the art of hardware and software designed with interoperability in mind. The emphasis of this article is on the algorithms developed for the prototype: 1) fusion of inertial and visual sensor information from an on-body sensor network (BSN) to robustly track the user’s pose in magnetically polluted environments; 2) learning-based computer vision algorithms to map the workspace, localize the sensor with respect to the workspace and capture objects, even as they are carried; 3) domain-independent and robust workflow recovery and monitoring algorithms based on spatiotemporal pairwise relations deduced from object and user movement with respect to the scene; and 4) context-sensitive augmented reality (AR) user feedback using a head-mounted display (HMD). A distinguishing key feature of the developed algorithms is that they all operate solely on data from the on-body sensor network and that no external instrumentation is needed. The feasibility of the chosen approach for the complete action-perception-feedback loop is demonstrated on three increasingly complex datasets representing manual industrial tasks. These limited size datasets indicate and highlight the potential of the chosen technology as a combined entity as well as point out limitations of the system.
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| 10. |
- Bonaglia, Stefano, 1983-
(författare)
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Control factors of the marine nitrogen cycle : The role of meiofauna, macrofauna, oxygen and aggregates
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The ocean is the most extended biome present on our planet. Recent decades have seen a dramatic increase in the number and gravity of threats impacting the ocean, including discharge of pollutants, cultural eutrophication and spread of alien species. It is essential therefore to understand how different impacts may affect the marine realm, its life forms and biogeochemical cycles. The marine nitrogen cycle is of particular importance because nitrogen is the limiting factor in the ocean and a better understanding of its reaction mechanisms and regulation is indispensable. Furthermore, new nitrogen pathways have continuously been described. The scope of this project was to better constrain cause-effect mechanisms of microbially mediated nitrogen pathways, and how these can be affected by biotic and abiotic factors.This thesis demonstrates that meiofauna, the most abundant animal group inhabiting the world’s seafloors, considerably alters nitrogen cycling by enhancing nitrogen loss from the system. In contrast, larger fauna such as the polychaete Marenzelleria spp. enhance nitrogen retention, when they invade eutrophic Baltic Sea sediments. Sediment anoxia, caused by nutrient excess, has negative consequences for ecosystem processes such as nitrogen removal because it stops nitrification, which in turn limits both denitrification and anammox. This was the case of Himmerfjärden and Byfjord, two estuarine systems affected by anthropogenic activities, such as treated sewage discharges. When Byfjord was artificially oxygenated, nitrate reduction mechanisms started just one month after pumping. However, the balance between denitrification and nitrate ammonification did not favor either nitrogen removal or its retention.Anoxia is also present in aggregates of the filamentous cyanobacteria Nodularia spumigena. This thesis shows that even in fully oxic waters, millimetric aggregates can host anaerobic nitrogen processes, with clear implications for the pelagic compartment. While the thesis contributed to our knowledge on marine nitrogen cycling, more data need to be collected and experiments performed in order to understand key processes and regulation mechanisms of element cycles in the ocean. In this way, stakeholders may follow and take decisions in order to limit the continuous flow of human metabolites and impacts on the marine environment.
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