| 1. |
- Lundberg, Jon O., et al.
(författare)
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Nitrate and nitrite in biology, nutrition and therapeutics
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nature Chemical Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1552-4450 .- 1552-4469. ; 5:12, s. 865-869
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inorganic nitrate and nitrite from endogenous or dietary sources are metabolized in vivo to nitric oxide (NO) and other bioactive nitrogen oxides. The nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway is emerging as an important mediator of blood flow regulation, cell signaling, energetics and tissue responses to hypoxia. The latest advances in our understanding of the biochemistry, physiology and therapeutics of nitrate, nitrite and NO were discussed during a recent 2-day meeting at the Nobel Forum, Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Brown, Shannon, et al.
(författare)
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Intarsia-sensorized band and textrodes for real-time myoelectric pattern recognition
- 2016
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Ingår i: Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), 2016 IEEE 38th Annual International Conference of the. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1557-170X. - 9781457702204 ; , s. 6074-6077
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface Electromyography (sEMG) has applications in prosthetics, diagnostics and neuromuscular rehabilitation. Self-adhesive Ag/AgCl are the electrodes preferentially used to capture sEMG in short-term studies, however their long-term application is limited. In this study we designed and evaluated a fully integrated smart textile band with electrical connecting tracks knitted with intarsia techniques and knitted textile electrodes. Real-time myoelectric pattern recognition for motor volition and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were used to compare its sensing performance versus the conventional Ag-AgCl electrodes. After a comprehending measurement and performance comparison of the sEMG recordings, no significant differences were found between the textile and the Ag-AgCl electrodes in SNR and prediction accuracy obtained from pattern recognition classifiers.
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| 4. |
- Brown, Shannon, et al.
(författare)
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Intarsia-Sensorized Band and Textrodes for the Acquisition of Myoelectric Signals
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Second International Conference on Smart Portable, Wearable, Implantable and Disability-oriented Devices and Systems. - : International Academy, Research and Industry Association (IARIA). - 9781612084800 ; , s. 14-19
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Surface Electromyography (sEMG) has applications in prosthetics, diagnostics and neuromuscular rehabilitation, and has been an increasing area of study. This study attempts to use a fully integrated smart textile band with electrical connecting tracks knitted with intarsia techniques to evaluate the quality of sEMG acquired by knitted textile electrodes. Myoelectric pattern recognition for motor volition and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were used to compare its sensing performance versus the conventional Ag-AgCl electrodes. Overall no significant differences were found between the textile and the Ag-AgCl electrodes in SNR and prediction accuracy obtained from pattern recognition classifiers. On average the textile electrodes produced a high prediction accuracy, >97% across all movements, which is equivalent to the accuracy obtained with conventional gel electrodes (Ag-AgCl). Furthermore the SNR for the Maximum Voluntary Contraction did not differ considerably between the textile and the Ag-AgCl electrodes.
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| 5. |
- Dicksved, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Lactobacillus reuteri Maintains a Functional Mucosal Barrier during DSS Treatment Despite Mucus Layer Dysfunction
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment with the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri has been shown to prevent dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in rats. This is partly due to reduced P-selectin-dependent leukocyte-and platelet-endothelial cell interactions, however, the mechanism behind this protective effect is still unknown. In the present study a combination of culture dependent and molecular based T-RFLP profiling was used to investigate the influence of L. reuteri on the colonic mucosal barrier of DSS treated rats. It was first demonstrated that the two colonic mucus layers of control animals had different bacterial community composition and that fewer bacteria resided in the firmly adherent layer. During DSS induced colitis, the number of bacteria in the inner firmly adherent mucus layer increased and bacterial composition of the two layers no longer differed. In addition, induction of colitis dramatically altered the microbial composition in both firmly and loosely adherent mucus layers. Despite protecting against colitis, treatment with L. reuteri did not improve the integrity of the mucus layer or prevent distortion of the mucus microbiota caused by DSS. However, L. reuteri decreased the bacterial translocation from the intestine to mesenteric lymph nodes during DSS treatment, which might be an important part of the mechanisms by which L. reuteri ameliorates DSS induced colitis.
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| 6. |
- Fors, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Generating FMUs for the Feature-Based Language Bloqqi
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2nd Japanese Modelica Conference. - : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 1650-3686. - 9789176852668 ; , s. 245-254
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we describe how we generate Functional Mock-up Units (FMUs) for the automation block language Bloqqi. This allows Bloqqi control programs to be tested with simulations of the physical processes they control. The physical process can be specified in any tool that supports the Functional Mockup-Interface (FMI) standard. For example, we have successfully run Bloqqi programs together with Modelica models exported as FMUs. Bloqqi programs execute at discrete times, and we describe how this is handled in the implementation of the DoStep function, specified in the standard.
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| 7. |
- Henriksnäs, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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An in vivo model for gastric physiological and pathophysiological studies in the mouse
- 2005
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Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772 .- 1365-201X. ; 184:2, s. 151-159
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: In vivo models for studying gastrointestinal physiology and pathophysiology are well established in rats. Since a number of genetically modified mice are available there is a need for reliable mouse models. The aim of this project was to develop an in vivo mouse model for gastrointestinal studies. Methods: C57bl/6, NMRI and transgenic FVB/N (expressing human α-1,3/4-fucosyltransferase) mice were anaesthetized with isoflurane and the gastric mucosa exteriorized for intravital microscopy. Acid–base status and acid secretion were measured and blood pressure was continuously monitored. Gastric mucosal blood flow was recorded by laser-Doppler flowmetry. Mucus thickness and accumulation rate were measured with micropipettes. Results: We have developed an in vivo mouse model for studies of the gastric mucosa. With isoflurane anaesthesia the preparation can be studied for up to 5 h with stable blood pressure and mucosal blood flow. Acid–base status agrees with results from other laboratories. Blood flow increased in both C57bl/6 and α1.3/4-FT mice in response to luminal HCl, and the mucus gel could be divided into a firmly and a loosely adherent layer, all comparable with results in the rat. However, the firmly adherent mucus layer was thinner (45 ± 2 μm), and the mucus accumulation rate lower, than in the rat. Furthermore, both basal and stimulated acid secretion showed lower outputs than in the rat. Conclusions: This model has great potential for investigations of gastrointestinal physiology and pathophysiology and can be applied for Helicobacter pylori infection studies.
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| 8. |
- Ivica, Nedjeljka, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in neuronal activity of cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic networks induced by acute dopaminergic manipulations in rats
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neuroscience. - : Wiley. - 0953-816X. ; 47:3, s. 236-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The basal ganglia are thought to be particularly sensitive to changes in dopaminergic tone, and the realization that reduced dopaminergic signaling causes pronounced motor dysfunction is the rationale behind dopamine replacement therapy in Parkinson's disease. It has, however, proven difficult to identify which neurophysiological changes that ultimately lead to motor dysfunctions. To clarify this, we have here recorded neuronal activity throughout the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic circuits in freely behaving rats during periods of immobility following acute dopaminergic manipulations, involving both vesicular dopamine depletion and antagonism of D1 and D2 type dopamine receptors. Synchronized and rhythmic activities were detected in the form of betaband oscillations in local field potentials and as cortical entrainment of action potentials in several basal ganglia structures. Analyses of the temporal development of synchronized oscillations revealed a spread from cortex to gradually also include deeper structures. In addition, firing rate changes involving neurons in all parts of the network were observed. These changes were typically relatively balanced within each structure, resulting in negligible net rate changes. Animals treated with D1 receptor antagonist showed a rapid onset of hypokinesia that preceded most of the neurophysiological changes, with the exception of these balanced rate changes. Parallel rate changes in functionally coupled ensembles of neurons in different structures may therefore be the first step in a cascade of neurophysiological changes underlying motor symptoms in the parkinsonian state. We suggest that balanced rate changes in distributed networks are possible mechanism of disease that should be further investigated in conditions involving dopaminergic dysfunction.
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| 9. |
- Ivica, Nedjeljka, et al.
(författare)
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Differential effects of skilled reaching training on the temporal and spatial organization of somatosensory input to cortical and striatal motor circuits
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurophysiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 0022-3077 .- 1522-1598. ; 127:1, s. 225-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It has been hypothesized that to perform sensorimotor transformations efficiently, somatosensory information being fed back to a particular motor circuit is organized in accordance with the mechanical loading patterns of the skin that result from the motor activity generated by that circuit. Rearrangements of sensory information to different motor circuits could in this respect constitute a key component of sensorimotor learning. We here explored whether the organization of tactile input from the plantar forepaw of the rat to cortical and striatal circuits is affected by a period of extensive sensorimotor training in a skilled reaching and grasping task. Our data show that the representation of tactile stimuli in terms of both temporal and spatial response patterns changes as a consequence of the training and that spatial changes particularly involve the primary motor cortex. Based on the observed reorganization, we propose that reshaping of the spatiotemporal representation of the tactile afference to motor circuits is an integral component of the learning process that underlies skill acquisition in reaching and grasping.
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| 10. |
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